1,720,960 research outputs found
Amar Makruf Nahi Munkar Mu‘tazilah dalam Perspektif al-Zamakhsharî
No full textIslamic command on Amar Makruf Nahi Munkar has been basically intended for all Muslims regardless of their theological affiliation. Mu‘tazila, however, has a typical understanding of it. Al-Zamakhsharî, as one of Mu‘tazilites clerics and mufassir, who wrote al-Kashshâf, discusses the concept of Amar Makruf Nahi Munkar together with its contextual meaning. This problem is investigated and analyzed by using descriptive methodology, content analysis and contextual analysis. From the data collected and analysis conducted it is concluded that Amar Makruf Nahi Munkar in al-Zamakhsharî’s perspective is considered wajib kifayah in a sense that it should be in accordance with the capacity and competence of its doers, with the method of treatment ranging from soft to firm action, even with fight whenever necessary to do so. In the present context, al-Zamakhsharî’s perspective on Amar Makruf Nahi Munkar has turned out to be relevant to be implemented in more actual. The appeal applies to all levels, from the Government, the ulama and intellectuals to the common people.</p
MEMAHAMI DAN MEMPERLAKUKAN LINGKUNGAN DENGAN KACA MATA FILSAFAT
Full text linkHal yang sering menjadi problematika dan bahan diskusi panjang adalah masalah kelestarian alam. Permasalahan ini sangat berkaitan dengan sikap manusia terhadap alam; bagaimana manusia seharusnya memahami dan bersikap terhadap alam dan lingkungan sekitarnya. Hal inilah yang ingin dikaji dan diteliti untuk menemukan jawabannya. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan filsafat dari pemikiran para tokoh filsafat modern. Hasilnya: Prinsip Pansubyektifitas Whitehead, Wahdat al-wujud (makhluk) Mulla Shadra, dan Kesatuan ego (individu) Iqbal hendaknya dapat menjadi dasar untuk menumbuhkan kesadaran setiap pribadi manusia sebagai sama-sama subyek dengan unsur-unsur alam yang lain, sehingga tidak ada sikap semena-mena yang eksploitatif terhadap alam dan lingkungan, karena hal itu dapat mengakibatkan ketidakharmonisan general (disharmoni global). Ketika manusia menganggap bahwa lingkungan (alam) di sekitarnya adalah obyek, maka dapat memberi konotasi manusia boleh melakukan eksploitasi sesuka hati terhadap alam. Akan tetapi jika manusia menyadari bahwa seluruh unsur alam ini adalah sesama makhluk, sesama individu, dan sama-sama subyek yang saling terkait, maka tidak ada alasan bagi manusia untuk boleh berbuat ketidakadilan (dhalim) dan kerusakan terhadap ala
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
WANITA DALAM ISLAM
Full text linkEmansipasi wanita dalam ajaran Islam selalu menjadi bahan diskusi yang menarik, karena ada anggapan bahwa ajaran Islam diskriminatif terhadap wanita. Benarkah Islam diskriminatif? Hal ini perlu diteliti dan dibuktikan. Dalam perspektif sejarah dapat dibuktikan bagaimana Islam telah mengangkat derajat wanita, ini dapat dilihat dengan mengkomparasikan kondisi wanita pra Islam dengan pasca Islam. Dari perspektif Syari’ah dapat dibuktikan bahwa hakikatnya tidak ada diskriminasi antara laki-laki dan wanita di hadapan hukum Islam. Perspektif Al-Qur’an juga membuktikan bahwa Allah selalu mendudukkan laki-laki dan wanita dalam posisi yang sama, tidak ada diskriminasi dalam Al-Qur’an. Berdasarkan tiga perspektif di atas, terbukti bahwa Islam telah mengangkat derajat kaum wanita, sehingga terjadi kesetaraan antara wanita dengan laki-laki. Dalam Islam ada bagian ajaran yang bersifat absolut dan ada yang bersifat relatif; yaitu yang merupakan ajaran-ajaran pokok (ushul) yang ada dalam Al-Qur’an dan As-Sunnah, dan yang merupakan hasil pemikiran manusia (ijtihad) tentang perincian dan penjabaran (furu’) tentang cara pelaksanaan ajaran-ajaran pokok tersebut. Dalam berijtihad manusia sangat mungkin terpengaruh oleh budaya yang ada, termasuk yang masih patrilineal. Sementara itu teks-teks Al-Qur’an dan Hadts (ajaran pokok) telah menggariskan prinsip dan semangat kesetaraan jender, oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan reinterpretasi untuk menghasilkan pemahaman-pemahaman yang sesuai dengan prinsip dan semangat ajaran pokok Islam tersebut
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
KORELASI ANTARA KECENDERUNGAN TEOLOGI DENGAN OPINI ETOS KERJA
Full text linkThe problem underlying this research is a perception of slow development and advancement labeled to Indonesian as a result of low working spirit in comparison to its neighboring countries known as “Little Dragons” such as South Korea, Taiwan, China and Singapore. Moslem dominate Indonesia as a major religion; whether Aqidah has influences on a person’s working spirit is the main focus of this research. It is very important to prove whether there is a positive relationship between a person’s Aqidah and his/her working spirit.
Data analysis is carried data tabulation method and correlation analysis (Pearson Correlation). The result show that almost, the correlation of the variables shows quite low correlation between the tendency of Aqidah thought and working spirit. It can be concluded that Aqidah is not the sole factor influencing the person working spirit. There must other factors outside Aqidah in particular and religion in general
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