1,720,957 research outputs found
Optimizing the Local Search Algorithm for Generating S-Boxes
No full textNonlinear substitutions (S-boxes) are an important component of modern symmetric cryptography algorithms. They complicate symmetric transformations and introduce nonlinearity in the input-output relationship, which provides resistance to some cryptanalysis techniques. S-boxes generation can be done in a number of ways. However, the most promising are heuristic techniques. On the one hand, the generated S-boxes look like random settings, which complicates algebraic cryptanalysis. On the other hand, heuristic search makes it possible to achieve high nonlinearity and δ-uniformity, which complicates linear and differential cryptanalysis. In this article, we will explore the simplest local search algorithm for generating S-boxes. To assess the efficiency of the algorithm, the concept of a track of a cost function is introduced in the article. We optimize the algorithm parameters and show that with the chosen parameters it is possible to reliably form S-boxes with nonlinearity 104
WHS Cost Function for Generating S-boxes
No full textNonlinear substitution boxes (S-boxes) use in most modern symmetric cryptoalgorithms. They are designed to mix input data and take the essential part in ensuring resistance against known cryptoanalytic attacks (differential, linear, algebraic and other methods of cryptoanalysis). However, the random formation of nonlinear substitutions with the required rates is an extremely complex mathematical problem. We observe the heuristic techniques of S-boxes informed search, in particular, we consider the cost function used in most known algorithms (eg, local search, gradient lift, annealing simulation, genetic search, etc.). The purpose of our research is to determine the specific parameters of the heuristic function, which on the one hand do not reduce the degree of awareness of search nodes, and on the other hand do not require significant computational costs. We investigate the influence of individual parameters on the value of the cost function and on the complexity of its calculation. We also provide specific recommendations for the formation of parameters for the heuristic search of S-boxes
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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