1,720,955 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Prospektive klinische Studie zur Langzeitbewährung von vollkeramischen Primärkronen aus IPS Empress 2 mit metallischen und metallfreien aus Vectris fabrizierten Sekundärkronen und Prothesengerüsten
No full textKonuskronen verankerter Zahnersatz hat sich seit mehreren Jahrzehnten als hervorragende Therapieform zur Versorgung des reduzierten Restgebisses bewährt und verbindet zahlreiche Vorteile des festsitzenden mit denjenigen des herausnehmbaren Zahnersatzes. Vor dem Hintergrund einer steigenden Relevanz ästhetischer Versorgungen sowie einer größer werdenden Ablehnung der Patienten hinsichtlich der Verwendung metallischer Werkstoffe, gewann das Ziel, auch kombiniert festsitzend-herausnehmbaren Zahnersatz metallfrei zu fertigen, zunehmend an Bedeutung. Ziel der vorliegenden prospektiven klinischen Studie war die Evaluation des klinischen Langzeitverhaltens von keramischen Primärkronen aus IPS Empress 2® kombiniert mit Sekundärkronen und Prothesengerüsten aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff (Vectris®) sowie die Untersuchung der Patientenzufriedenheit. Als Kontrollgruppe dienten keramische Primärkronen mit Sekundärkronen aus Galvanogold und metallischen Gerüsten. Dazu wurden 29 Patienten mit insgesamt 37 Konusprothesen auf 165 keramischen Primärkronen versorgt, 27 (73%) Prothesen entfielen auf die Kontrollgruppe und 10 (27%) Prothesen auf die Testgruppe. Eingebunden in ein Recall-System, wurden die Patienten in halbjährigen Abständen über einen Zeitraum von 5 Jahren nachuntersucht. Zur Evaluation der Patientenzufriedenheit erhielten die Studienteilnehmer jeweils vor Therapiebeginn, nach Fertigstellung der Konusprothesen und im einjährigen Abstand einen Fragebogen. Die Zeit unter Risiko betrug durchschnittlich 59 ± 22 Monate (min. 16, max. 96 Monate), Befragungen hinsichtlich der Patientenzufriedenheit wurden über 46 ± 18 Monate durchgeführt (min. 15, max. 66 Monate). Beide Gruppen zeigten eine vergleichbar hohe Reparaturanfälligkeit. 88,9% der Restaurationen in der Kontrollgruppe, sowie 90% der Restaurationen in der Testgruppe mussten mindestens einmal instand gesetzt werden (Mann-Whitney-U-Test, p = 0,121). Auch das Schadensrisiko der vollkeramischen Primärkronen zeigte keine statistischen Unterschiede (Testgruppe: 10,81%; Kontrollgruppe: 10,16%; exakter Fisher-Test, p > 0,05). Die Häufigkeit einer Neuanfertigung der Konusprothese war bei der Test-Gruppe (40%) höher als bei der Kontroll-Gruppe (14,8%), ein statistisch signifikanter Unterschied war zwischen beiden Gruppen nicht nachzuweisen (exakter Fisher-Test, p = 0,16). Die Erfolgsrate zeigte in Abhängigkeit der Zeit unter Risiko jedoch ab 2,5 Jahren schlechtere Werte bei metallfreien Prothesen als bei der Kontrollgruppe, nach etwa 5 Jahren nahm dieser Unterschied deutlich zu (Kontrollgruppe: 86%, Testgruppe: 24%) und unterschied sich statistisch signifikant (Log-Rank-Test, p=0,041). Bei drei der 128 Galvano-Matrizen kam es zu einer Beschädigung an den Sekundärstrukturen, bei 9 von 37 Matrizen aus glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff trat ein Schaden auf. Dieser Unterschied war statistisch hochsignifikant und belegt, dass Vectris®-Mesostrukturen eher zum Versagen neigen als Galvano-Sekundärkronen (exakter Fisher-Test, p = 0,00008). Im Gegensatz zu den durchaus unterschiedlichen klinischen Ergebnissen und den unbefriedigend hohen Reparaturzahlen war die Patientenzufriedenheit mit den jeweiligen Studienprothesen für beide Gruppen vergleichbar gut. Zu keinem Zeitpunkt zeigte sich eine relevante Personenzahl in einer der Gruppen mit dem erhaltenen Zahnersatz unzufrieden. So war in der Testgruppe initial lediglich eine Person unzufrieden, änderte diese Einstellung jedoch im Rahmen der weiteren Kontrollen. Eine weitere Person war anfangs zufrieden, dann vorübergehend unzufrieden, um im Weiteren erneut ihre Zufriedenheit zu äußern. Für die Metallgruppe ergab sich lediglich in der letzten Nachkontrolle eine Person, die unzufrieden mit dem Zahnersatz war. Statistisch signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen waren somit zu keinem Zeitpunkt nachzuweisen (exakter Fisher-Test, alle p > 0,05). Die vorliegende Untersuchung bestätigt, dass sich die Verwendung keramischer Primärkronen in Doppelkronenrestaurationen prinzipiell bewährt und die Anforderungen an die gestellten Parameter wie Haftkraftstabilität, Biokompatibilität und Ästhetik erfüllt. Jedoch weist die Lithiumdisilikat-Glaskeramik IPS Empress 2® eine unzureichende Stabilität auf, für diesen Indikationsbereich sind daher ausschließlich hochfeste Zirkoniumdioxid-Keramiken zu empfehlen. Mit diesem Material ist ein wesentlich geringeres Reparaturrisiko zu erwarten. Als Matrizenwerkstoff zeigten galvanogeformte Sekundärkappen sehr gute klinische Ergebnisse. Die hohe Passungspräzision, welches durch die intraorale Fügung erreicht wird, gewährleistet eine ideale Lagerung des Zahnersatzes und reduziert kinetikbedingte Schäden auf ein Minimum. Das Ziel der Untersuchung, die dauerhafte klinische Bewährung metallfreier Konusprothesen aus dem Glasfaserverbundmaterial Vectris® nachzuweisen, konnte nicht erreicht werden. Die Ergebnisse dieser prospektiven klinischen Studie belegen eine Überlegenheit der metallischen Konusprothese. Somit bedarf die Realisation einer klinisch verlässlichen metallfreien Konusprothese noch erheblichen Forschungs- und Entwicklungsbedarf. Insbesondere die Substitution von galvanogeformten Feingoldmatrizen stellt eine große Herausforderung dar.Conical crown retained removable partial dentures have been established in dentistry since a long time as an excellent treatment procedure for patients with a markedly reduced number of teeth. These restorations combine the advantages of fixed prosthodontics with those of removable dentures. With a preference to aesthetic restoration and patients rejecting the use of metallic materials, the purpose becomes increasingly important to produce metal-free combined fixed and removable partial dentures. This study was aimed to evaluate the long-term behaviour of primary crowns made of the ceramic IPS Empress 2® and of metal-free produced secondary crowns and frameworks made of the fiber-reinforced composite Vectris®, and subsequently to evaluate the satisfaction of the patient. On the control group primary crowns of ceramic, galvano formed secondary crowns and metal-frameworks were used. For this purpose, 29 patients were treated with a total of 37 prostheses on 165 primary crowns. Of these, 27 (73%) accounted of the control group and 10 (27%) of the test group. Integrated in a recall system, the patients have been appointed to the follow-up examinations every 6 months over an observation time up to 5 years. In order to evaluate their satisfaction, patients were asked to answer a questionnaire before and after treatment and once a year during the research. The mean observation time was 59 ± 22 months (minimal 16, maximum 96 months). Terms of patient satisfaction surveys were conducted over 46 ± 18 months (min. 15, max. 66 months). There was a comparable susceptibility to failures as the result of this study showed. 88,9% of the restorations in the contol group and 90 % of the prostheses in the test group had to be repaired al least once during the observation period (Mann-Whitney-U-Test, p = 0,121). All ceramic primary crowns showed no statistical differences to risk of damages. (Test group: 10,81%; contol group: 10,16%; Fishers exact test, p > 0,05). In the test group (40%) the necessity of the new manufacture of the dentures and poorer values were observed, this in comparison with the control group(14,8%). A statistically significant difference between the two groups was not noticeable (Fisher´s exact test, p= 0,16). However, the analysis of the prosthesis success relative to the follow-up period showed from 2.5 years poorer values for the metal-free prostheses than for the control group. This difference increased significantly after about 5 years (control group: 86%, test group: 24%), and was also statistically significant (log rank test, p=0,041). Damages could be assessed in three of the 128 galvanoformed matrices and nine of the 37 secondary crowns made of the fiber-reinforced composite. Statistically this difference was highly significant and shows that Vectris ®- mesostructures are more prone to failure as galvano-secondary crowns (Fishers exact test, p= 0,00008). In contrast to the entirely different clinical results and the unsatisfactory high number of repairs, patient satisfaction with the restorations was comparably high in both groups. At no time a relevant number of people were dissatisfied in any group with the prosthesis. Just one person was initially unhappy in the test group but changed this setting in the context of further controls. Another person was initially satisfied, dissatisfied temporarily in order to re-express his satisfaction later on. One other person in the control group was discontented with the prosthesis in the final follow-up examination. Statistically, at no time, any significant differences between the groups could be demonstrated (Fishers exact test, all p > 0,05). This study confirms that ceramic primary crowns in double crown restorations have proved themselves and fulfill all the requirements for the supplied parameters, such as adhesion stability, bio-compatibility and aesthetics. However, the Lithium-disilicate glass-ceramic IPS Empress 2® proved that it had an insufficient stability and that exclusively high-strength zirconia ceramics should be recommended for this indication. Very little repairs can be expected with this material. Galvano-formed secondary crowns showed very good clinical results. The high accuracy of fitting, which is achieved by the intra-oral luting procedure, ensures an ideal placing of the restoration and minimizes negative effects caused by kinetic problems. The aim of the study, to fabricate metal-free double crown retained partial dentures using the glass-fiber composit Vectris® , could not be achieved satisfactorily. In fact, both clinical and statistic data indicated the superiority of the restorations made by metal framework and galvano-formed secondary crowns. A lot of studies are required in future to develop clinically reliable metal-free double crown retained partial dentures. In particular, the substitution of galvanoformed secondary crowns represents a major challenge
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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