4,089 research outputs found
Patterns of regional brain hypometabolism associated with knowledge of semantic features and categories in Alzheimer's disease
No full textThe study of semantic memory in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) has raised important questions about the representation of conceptual knowledge in the human brain. It is still unknown whether semantic memory impairments are caused by localized damage to specialized regions or by diffuse damage to distributed representations within nonspecialized brain areas. To our knowledge, there have been no direct correlations of neuroimaging of in vivo brain function in AD with performance on tasks differentially addressing visual and functional knowledge of living and nonliving concepts. We used a semantic verification task and resting 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in a group of mild to moderate AD patients to investigate this issue. The four task conditions required semantic knowledge of (1) visual, (2) functional properties of living objects, and (3) visual or (4) functional properties of nonliving objects. Visual property verification of living objects was significantly correlated with left posterior fusiform gyrus metabolism (Brodmann's area [BA] 37/19). Effects of visual and functional property verification for nonliving objects largely overlapped in the left anterior temporal (BA 38/20) and bilateral premotor areas (BA 6), with the visual condition extending more into left lateral precentral areas. There were no associations with functional property verification for living concepts. Our results provide strong support for anatomically separable representations of living and nonliving concepts, as well as visual feature knowledge of living objects, and against distributed accounts of semantic memory that view visual and functional features of living and nonliving objects as distributed across a common set of brain area
Interview with Roland Abraham
No full textInterview with Roland Abraham, who is a former director of the Minnesota Extension Service. He is the author of Helping People Help Themselves: Agricultural Extension in Minnesota, 1879 to 1979. Abraham talks about how he got to the university and about the Minnesota Extension Service.Abraham, Roland H.; Pflaum, Ann M.. (1999). Interview with Roland Abraham. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/47871
Development of Cognitive and Imaging Biomarkers Predicting Risk of Self-Blaming Bias and Recurrence in Major Depression
No full textThis data-set consists of fully anonymised task-based fMRI
using a value-related moral sentiments task which probes emotions related to
self-blame such as guilt and blaming others, such as anger, structural 3
dimensional T1 weighted and resting-state fMRI data for remitted MDD and
Healthy Control participants taking part in our studies. Data sharing is
stipulated by our MRC-approved data management plan. Basic anonymised clinical
and demographic descriptors are also available.
In addition to the anonymised clinical data, the dataset
also includes anonymised results of standard questionnaires, phenomenological
psychopathology and neurocognitive tasks probing moral sentiments, emotional
memory, action tendencies, and social knowledge which were described in our
papers, alongside some unpublished data which can be used after seeking
permission from the chief investigator. Data from the following publications
are entailed in the dataset which should be cited when using the different
aspects of the data (links to all are provided in the REFERENCES section):
-Gethin
J.A., Lythe K.E., Workman C.I., Mayes A., Moll J., Zahn R. Early life stress
explains reduced positive memory biases in remitted depression. Eur
Psychiatry (2017) 45:59-64: Early life
event classification and emotional recognition memory test
-Workman
C.I., Lythe K.E., McKie S., Moll J., Gethin J.A., Deakin J.F.W., Elliott R.,
Zahn R. A novel resting-state functional MRI signature of resilience to
recurrent depression. Psychological Medicine (2017) 47: 597–607: Resting
state fMRI data with prospective clinical follow-up of remitted MDD
participants over 14 months
-Workman
C.I., Lythe K.E., McKie S., Moll J., Gethin J.A., Deakin J.F.W., Elliott R.,
Zahn R. Subgenual cingulate-amygdala functional disconnection and
vulnerability to melancholic depression. Neuropsychopharmacology (2016) doi:
10.1038/npp.2016.8: Resting state fMRI cross-sectional MDD vs Healthy Control
comparisons
-Lythe
K.E., Moll J., Gethin J.A., Workman C.I., Green S., Lambon Ralph M.A., Deakin
J.F., Zahn R. Self-blame-selective hyperconnectivity between anterior
temporal and subgenual cortices and prediction of recurrent depressive
episodes. JAMA Psychiatry (2015): doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.1813:
Prospective fMRI data for prediction of 14 months clinical follow-up in
remitted MDD (Karen Lythe Sample)
-Zahn
R., Lythe K.E., Green S., Gethin J.A., Deakin J.F., Young A.H., Moll J. The
role of self-blame and worthlessness in the psychopathology of major
depressive disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders (2015) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2015.08.001: Psychopathological
assessment (AMDP) and moral emotion addendum
-Zahn
R., Lythe K.E., Gethin J.A., Green S., Deakin J.F., Workman C., Moll J.
Negative emotions towards others are diminished in remitted major depression.
European Psychiatry (2015) doi: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.02.005:
VMST=MST(value-related moral sentiment task)
-Green
S., Lambon Ralph M., Moll J., Zakrzewski J., Deakin J.F.W., Grafman J., Zahn
R. The neural basis of conceptual-emotional integration and its role in major
depressive disorder. Social Neuroscience (2013) 8(5): 417-433: CSKD:
conceptual social knowledge differentiation task – unpublished additional
data included in dataset
-Green
S., Moll J., Deakin J.F.W., Hulleman J., Zahn R. Proneness to decreased
negative emotions in major depressive disorder when blaming others rather
than oneself. Psychopathology (2013) 46(1): 34-44: VMST=MST(value-related
moral sentiment task)
-Green
S., Lambon Ralph M., Moll J., Deakin J.F.W., Zahn R. Guilt-selective
functional disconnection of anterior temporal and subgenual cortices in major
depressive disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry (2012) 69(10): 1014-1021:
cross-sectional fMRI (Sophie Green sample)
-Duan
S., Lawrence A., Valmaggia L., Moll J., Zahn R. The role of blame-related
action tendencies
in the vulnerability to major depressive disorder. MedRxiv 2020: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.15.20232058: Action tendencies task
(action)
-Lythe
KE, Gethin JA, Workman CI, Lambon Ralph MA, Deakin JFW, Moll J, et al.
Subgenual activation and the finger of blame: individual differences and
depression vulnerability. Psychol Med 2020: 1-9: Description of autonomy and
sociotropy dimensions of self-blame and its association with fMRI results.
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The death of William Golding: authorship and creativity in darkness visible and the paper men
Get PDFIn the seventies and eighties William Golding was deeply responsive to the critical, anti-authorial ethos that followed the publication of Roland Barthes's "La mort de I'auteur" (1968). In Darkness Visible (1979) and The Paper Men (1984) he investigates means by which to reaffirm authorial presence. Working through paradox, he performs the authorial death in these novels, and establishes language’s inadequacy as a means of conveying absolute meaning, authorial "vision," truth or revelation. Having done so he nonetheless gestures towards the divine, towards the possibility of a vatic communication. In this manner the novels work upon principles of contradiction and collapse. What remains is a discourse of hope, promise, desire, without means of substantiating such optimism. Thus Golding might be said to have practiced a form of negative theology, and to have anticipated in this respect some recent trends in literary theory
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Roland Barthes's resurrection of the author and redemption of biography
No full textThe most misunderstood essay in literary theory must be Roland Barthes's 'The Death of the Author' (originally 'La mort de l'auteur', 1968). Repeatedly critics and commentators have taken this satiric jeu d'esprit literally, and have credulously assumed that it is advocating the very position that it is condemning
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Roland Barthes's resurrection of the author and redemption of biography
No full textThe most misunderstood essay in literary theory must be Roland Barthes's 'The Death of the Author' (originally 'La mort de l'auteur', 1968). Repeatedly critics and commentators have taken this satiric jeu d'esprit literally, and have credulously assumed that it is advocating the very position that it is condemning
Roland Barthes's resurrection of the author and redemption of biography
No full textThe most misunderstood essay in literary theory must be Roland Barthes's 'The Death of the Author' (originally 'La mort de l'auteur', 1968). Repeatedly critics and commentators have taken this satiric jeu d'esprit literally, and have credulously assumed that it is advocating the very position that it is condemning
Author-Illustrator
No full textThis essay investigates the concept author-illustrator by drawing on two influential essays – ‘Death of the Author’ by Roland Barthes and ‘What is an Author?’ by Michel Foucault. By engaging with the key points of debate that emerge from these positions, this essay argues that the notion of author-illustrator is part of a wider discursive field that is embedded in a complex, commodified, multimedia public sphere where the author is paradoxically reinscribed and erased. This environment is changing the nature of the text, authorship, and reader-text interaction, but until now the concept author-illustrator has been largely absent from these discussions
Résister à la normalisation des conduites : Entretien avec Roland Gori, propos recueillis par Alain Policar
No full textCo-initiator of the call of calls denouncing the ideology of a neuroeconomic man in whose name the current reforms break and redial our jobs and tasks of care, social works, education, research, justice, information and culture, the author analyzes mainly the psychiatric knowledge and practice as facts of civilization.Co-initiateur de l'Appel des appels qui dénonce l'idéologie d'un «homme économique» au nom de laquelle les réformes actuelles défont et recomposent les métiers et les missions du soin, du travail social, de l'éducation, de la recherche, de la justice, de l'information et de la culture, l'auteur analyse ici principalement les savoirs et les pratiques psychiatriques comme «des faits de civilisation».Policar Alain, Gori Roland. Résister à la normalisation des conduites : Entretien avec Roland Gori, propos recueillis par Alain Policar. In: Raison présente, n°171, 3e trimestre 2009. Savoir, connaitre, agir. pp. 87-94
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