1,720,956 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Estimation ensembliste et commande distribuée de flotte pour la recherche et le suivi de cibles
No full textThis thesis addresses the problem of searching and tracking an unknown number of mobile targets spread within an unknown Region of Interest (RoI) using a fleet of cooperating Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Such Cooperative Search, Acquisition, and Tracking (CSAT) problem appears in military contexts, e.g., when enemy vehicles have to be found and tracked, or in civilian applications, e.g., when searching for lost people after a disaster. To solve the CSAT problem, each UAV embeds a Computer Vision System (CVS) consisting of a camera and image processing algorithms that provide measurements related to the RoI. The CVS measurements consist of images with labeled pixels, depth maps, and boxes in the images containing pixels related to the detected and identified targets. This thesis considers a set-membership approach to address the CSAT problem. Compared to alternative approaches relying on stochastic assumptions on the measurement noise, set-membership approaches assume bounded measurement noise with known bounds. Set-membership approaches can then characterize sets that are guaranteed to contain the location of the targets, provided that the hypotheses on the measurement models and noise bounds are satisfied. Very few previous works directly exploit CVS measurements in a set-membership approach. This is mainly because obtaining measurement models for a CVS involving deep learning algorithms is difficult. To address these issues, we introduce several assumptions to relate the CVS measurements with the targets and obstacles present in the RoI using a geometric approach. With these assumptions, we propose a new set-membership estimator that directly exploits the CVS measurements to characterize sets that are guaranteed to contain the location of each identified target. The CVS measurements are also exploited to evaluate sets that are guaranteed to contain no target location. A prediction-correction scheme similar to the Kalman filter has been considered to account for the exchange of information between UAVs. The correction involves CVS measurements acquired by each UAV and estimates shared by neighboring UAVs. Several additional sources of uncertainty may be considered in the proposed approach. We have focused on the state uncertainty of UAVs. As the RoI is cluttered with unknown obstacles, each UAV builds an occupancy-elevation map during the search and tracking of targets using CVS measurements. The map provides an approximate description of the location, height, and shape of the obstacles. The map may be exploited for obstacle avoidance. In this thesis, it is used to predict the occlusion by obstacles in the field of view of each UAV. This information is instrumental in the design of a Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm to determine the trajectory of each UAV, minimizing the localization uncertainty of identified targets and reducing the size of the set containing potentially undetected targets. If the targets outnumber the UAVs, a trade-off has to be found between searching for new targets and tracking those already identified to reduce the localization uncertainty. Simulations performed with Webots illustrate the performance of the target location estimator and the MPC design by evaluating the efficiency of the cooperating UAVs to explore the environment, find and identify the targets, and maintain an accurate estimation of their location.Cette thèse aborde le problème de la recherche et du suivi d'un nombre inconnu de cibles mobiles réparties dans une région d'intérêt (RdI) inconnue à l'aide d'une flotte coopérative de robots aériens sans pilote (UAVs). Ce problème de recherche, d'acquisition et de suivi coopératif (CSAT) apparaît dans des contextes militaires, e.g., pour trouver et suivre des véhicules ennemis, ou dans des applications civiles, e.g., pour rechercher des personnes perdues à la suite d'une catastrophe. Pour résoudre ce problème, chaque drone embarque un système de vision par ordinateur (CVS) composé d'une caméra et d'algorithmes de traitement d'images qui fournissent des mesures liées à la RdI. Les mesures fournies par le CVS consistent en des images avec des pixels labellisés, des cartes de profondeur et des boîtes contenant des pixels associés aux cibles qui ont été identifiées. Cette thèse considère une approche ensembliste pour aborder le problème CSAT. Par rapport à d'autres approches reposant sur des hypothèses stochastiques sur le bruit de mesure, les approches ensemblistes supposent un bruit de mesure borné avec des bornes connues. Ces approches peuvent alors caractériser des ensembles qui contiennent nécessairement la position des cibles, à condition que les hypothèses sur les modèles de mesure et les bornes du bruit soient respectées. Très peu de travaux antérieurs exploitent directement les mesures CVS dans une approche ensembliste. Cela s'explique principalement par le fait qu'il est difficile d'obtenir des modèles de mesure pour un CVS lorsqu'il est composé d'algorithmes d'apprentissage profond. Pour résoudre ces problèmes, nous introduisons plusieurs hypothèses pour relier les mesures CVS aux cibles et aux obstacles présents dans la RdI en utilisant une approche géométrique. A partir de ces hypothèses, nous proposons un nouvel estimateur ensembliste qui exploite directement les mesures CVS pour caractériser les ensembles qui sont garantis de contenir la position de chaque cible identifiée. Les mesures CVS sont également exploitées pour évaluer les ensembles qui sont garantis ne contenir aucune position de cible. Un processus de prédiction-correction similaire au filtre de Kalman a été implémenté pour tenir compte de l'échange d'informations entre les drones. La correction se fait via les mesures CVS acquises par chaque drone et des estimées transmises par les drones voisins. Plusieurs incertitudes supplémentaires peuvent être prises en compte dans l'approche proposée. Nous nous sommes concentrés sur la manière de prendre en compte l'incertitude de l'état des drones. Comme la RdI est encombrée d'obstacles inconnus, chaque drone établit une carte d'occupation et d'élévation pendant la recherche et le suivi des cibles à l'aide des mesures CVS. Cette carte fournit une description approximative de l'emplacement, de la hauteur, et de la forme des obstacles. La carte peut être exploitée pour éviter les obstacles. Dans cette thèse, elle est utilisée pour prédire la portion du champ de vue de la caméra de chaque drone qui est masquée par un obstacle. Cette information est déterminante dans la conception d'un algorithme par commande prédictive (MPC) pour déterminer la trajectoire de chaque drone, en minimisant l'incertitude de localisation des cibles identifiées et en réduisant la taille de l'ensemble contenant des cibles potentiellement non détectées. Si les cibles sont plus nombreuses que les UAVs, un compromis entre la recherche de nouvelles cibles et le suivi des cibles déjà identifiées afin de réduire l'incertitude de la localisation doit être trouvé. Des simulations réalisées avec Webots illustrent les performances de l'estimateur et de la loi de guidage en évaluant l'efficacité des drones à trouver et identifier les cibles, et maintenir une estimation précise de leur position
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