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    Benevento and Salerno. The Rise and Fall of Capital Cities in Lombard Southern Italy between the 8th and 10th Centuries

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    After the Carolingian conquest of the Lombard Kingdom in 774, the Duchy of Benevento became an independent principality. Duke Arechis (758–787) proclaimed himself princeps gentis Langobardorum, thus opposing the political authority of the new King of the Lombards, Charlemagne. During the second half of the 8th century, Arechis refounded Salerno as the second capital city of Lombard Southern Italy by building a palace which stood as a marker of his political authority within the urban landscape. When the competition between two factions of the Beneventan aristocracy led to a civil war (839–849), Salerno became first a gathering place for members of the faction opposing Prince Radelchis and then the capital city of a new Lombard principality. By considering both written and archaeological sources, this paper focuses on the social and political aspects that led to the urban development of Salerno and challenged the role of Benevento during the 8th and 9th centuries. Some final considerations contextualise the rise of Capua as a third capital city in Lombard Southern Italy during the 9th and 10th centuries

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    Pluralité des modèles et transformations des espaces et des pratiques funéraires en Italie du IVe au IXe siècle

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    La diffusion du christianisme et la transformation des élites qui a suivi à la fois la dissolution des structures publiques de l’Empire romain et l’arrivée de nouveaux peuples ont conduit à l’affirmation de nouvelles stratégies de représentation des morts et de leurs groupes parentaux, dont la pratique des sépultures ad sanctos et le dépôt de riches objets funéraires. Cette étude retrace les transformations des pratiques funéraires intervenues entre le IVe et le IXe siècle, c’est-à-dire dans la période précédant l’établissement d’un monopole de l’Église dans ce domaine, en les reliant aux transformations sociales qui ont eu lieu dans cette période et aux stratégies de distinction mises en œuvre par les élites.The spread of Christianity and the transformation of elites that followed both the dissolution of the public structures of the Roman Empire and the arrival of new peoples led to the affirmation of new strategies for the representation of the dead and their kinship groups, including the practice of ad sanctos burials and the deposit of rich grave goods. This essay traces the transformations in funerary practices that took place between the 4th and 9th centuries, i.e. before the establishment of the Church’s monopoly in this field, by linking them to the social transformations that took place in this period and to the strategies of distinction implemented by the elites
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