1,721,001 research outputs found
Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Babesia and Theileria spp. in ticks from domestic and wild hosts in Sardinia
No full textPiroplasmoses are tick-borne protozoan diseases caused by hemoprotozoan parasites with considerable economic, veterinary and medical impact worldwide. Here, the presence and diversity of piroplasmids was investigated in ticks collected from domestic and wild hosts in a typical subtropical environment of Sardinia island by standard PCR, sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses. We demonstrate the presence of strains closely related to the Theileria buffeli/sergentii/orientalis complex in Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l., Rh. bursa, Rh. annulatus, Hyalomma marginatum, Dermacentor marginatus and Haemaphysalis punctata ticks. A strain detected in two Rh. sanguineus s.l. ticks collected from dogs grouped with T. equi, the agent of equine piroplasmosis. T. ovis, the main etiological agent of ovine theileriosis, was detected in one Rh. bursa tick from a mouflon. Babesia bigemina, the causative agent of bovine babesiosis, was detected in two Rh. sanguineus s.l. ticks from dogs. Our findings expand the knowledge on the repertoire of tick-borne pathogens present in Mediterranean ticks. Further analyses are needed to determine the role of ticks in the biological or mechanical transmission of piroplasmoses in this area
Serological and molecular detection of Bartonella spp. in humans, cats and dogs from Northern Sardinia, Italy
No full textSEROPREVALENCE OF BARTONELLA HENSELAE IN DOGS AND IN A CATS
No full textBartonella spp. belong to the a2 subgroup of the class Proteobacteria, family Bartonellaceae and genus Bartonella which comprises many species, eleven of which have been shown to be pathogens for humans (Chomel et al., 2006). Bartonellosis is considered an emerging zoonosis for the increase of clinical cases in humans and for the mount of species involved (Fenollar et al., 2005). Since 1992 Bartonella henselae has been considered the main causative agent of BCat Scratch Disease^ (CSD). The most frequent route of transmission to humans is via cat bites and scratches which, in natural conditions, very rarely manifest clinical signs, even if they remain bacteremic for a long period of time (Fabbi et al., 2004a). Persistent bacteremia (>2 years) in asymptomatic cats represents the most important factor that facilitates the spread of the microorganism (Marsilio and Di Martino, 2005). Six species of Bartonella have been identified as pathogens in dogs and among them there is Bartonella henselae (Mesax et al., 2002; Chomel et al., 2006), which was reported for the first time in 2000 as causative agent of disease in dog (Kitchell et al., 2000). Some vectors, such as ticks and fleas, have an important role for the transmission of infection. In fact, during the blood meal they can transmit the infection to other animals and so they are able to maintain or reproduce the bacterium in the organism (Boulouis et al., 2005; Chomel et al., 2006)
Genomic characterization of a novel bat-associated Circovirus detected in European Miniopterus schreibersii bats
No full textCircoviruses are small circular DNA viruses causing severe pig and poultry disease, recently identified in various bat species worldwide. We report the detection and full-genome molecular characterization of a novel bat-associated Circovirus identified in faecal samples of Miniopterus schreibersii bats (Schreiber’s bent-winged bats) from Sardinia, Italy. Full-genomic sequencing revealed a new putative member of Circoviridae family, with a genome size of 2063 nt. Sequencing allowed the characterization of the two major ORFs, inversely arranged, encoding replicase and capsid proteins, as well as the finding of a polythymidine tract within the genome, and highlighted phylogenetic relationships of the novel virus. This is the first report of circovirus in European bats. Giving the high level of genetic diversity of bat circoviruses, it is paramount to further investigate the relationships between these viruses and bats
TRASFERIMENTO DELL'IMMUNITA' PASSIVA IN PULEDRI NEONATI: ESPERIENZE PERSONALI
No full textNel presente lavoro si è valutato il trasferimento dell’immunità passiva da 23 fattrici ai relativi puledri nelle prime 24 ore di vita utilizzando sia un test rapido semiquantitativo di coagulazione in glutaraldeide, sia una metodica quantitativa di immunodiffusione radiale in gel di agar. Nei casi in cui il trasferimento era assente o deficitario (FPT: Failure of Passive Transfer) si è intervenuti con la somministrazione di colostro o con la trasfusione di plasma al fine di prevenire l’insorgenza di infezioni neonatali
Diagnosi molecolare di Anaplasma phagocytophilum e A. platys in cani e cavalli provenienti da aree della Sardegna ad alto tasso di “TICK-BORNE FEVER” ad eziologia sconosciuta
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Molecular survey of parvovirus, astrovirus, coronavirus, and calicivirus in symptomatic dogs
No full textGastrointestinal disorders caused by enteric viruses are frequently reported in dogs worldwide, with significant mortality rates in unvaccinated individuals. This study reports the identification and molecular characterization of Canine parvovirus (CPV-2), Canine coronavirus (CcoV), Canine astrovirus (AstV), and Canine calicivirus (CcaV) in a panel of dogs showing severe enteric clinical signs sampled in a typical Mediterranean environment (Sardinia, Italy). At least one of these viral species was detected in 92.3% samples. CPV-2 was the most frequently detected virus (87.2%), followed by AsTv (20.5%), CCoV-IIa (18%), and CCoV-I (10.3%). CCoV-IIb and CaCV were not detected in any sample. Single infection was detected in 24 samples (66.7%), mainly related to CPV-2 (91.7%). Coinfections were present in 33.3% samples with constant detection of CPV-2. Canine coronavirus was present only in coinfected animals. The VP2 sequence analysis of CPV-2 positive samples confirmed the presence of all variants, with CPV-2b most frequently detected. Phylogeny based on the CcoV-IIa spike protein (S) gene allowed to identify 2 different clades among Sardinian isolates but failed to distinguish enteric from pantropic viruses. Study on presence and prevalence of enteroviruses in dogs increase our knowledge about the circulation of these pathogens in the Mediterranean area and highlight the need for dedicated routine vaccine prophylaxis. Molecular analyses of enteric viruses are fundamental to avoid failure of vaccines caused by frequent mutations observed in these enteroviruses
Isolation and Characterization of Bartonella Strains in Cats in Italy
No full textBartonella henselae and Bartonella clarridgeiae were isolated in two cats in Sardinia, Italy. Infection by B. clarridgeiae was characterized by fever and submandibular lymph nodes enlargement while B. henselae infection was asymptomatic. This is the first report of B. clarridgeiae in a cat in Italy and the first isolation of B. henselae and B. clarridgeiae in Sardinia
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