1,721,042 research outputs found
Editorial: Tumor Microenvironment: Molecular Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways Involved in Metastatic Progression
No full textModulation of the Na/H antiport by insulin: interplay between protein kinase C, tyrosine kinase and protein phosphatases
No full text
Autocrine signals increase Ovine Mesenchymal Stem Cells migration throughAquaporin-1 and CXCR4 overexpression
Full text linkSheep is a relevant large animal model that is frequently used to test innovative
tissue engineering (TE) approaches especially for bone reconstruction. Mesenchymal
stem cells (MSCs) are used in TE applications because they represent key component of
adult tissue repair. Importantly, MSCs from different species show similar characteristics,
which facilitated their application in translational studies using animal models. Nowadays,
many researches are focusing on the use of ovine mesenchymal stem cells (oMSCs) in
orthopedic preclinical settings for regenerative medicine purposes. Therefore, there is a
need to amplify our knowledge on the mechanisms underlying the behaviour of these cells.
Recently, several studies have shown that MSC function is largely dependent on factors
that MSCs release in the environment as well as in conditioned medium (CM). It has been
demonstrated that MSCs through autocrine and paracrine signals are able to stimulate
proliferation, migration and differentiation of different type of cells including themselves. In
this study, we investigated the effects of the CM produced by oMSCs on oMSCs
themselves and we explored the signal pathways involved. We observed that CM caused
an enhancement of oMSC migration. Furthermore, we found that CM increased levels of
two membrane proteins involved in cell migration, Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) and C-X-C
chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), and activated Akt and Erk intracellular signal
pathways
Recruitment of stromal cells into tumour microenvironment promote the metastatic spread of breast cancer
No full textCurrently, metastasis remains the primary cause of death of patients with breast cancer despite the important advances in the treatment of this disease. In the complex tumour microenvironment network, several malignant and non-malignant cell types as well as components of extracellular matrix cooperate in promoting the metastatic spread of breast carcinoma. Many components of the stromal compartment are recruited from distant sites to the tumour including mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial cells, macrophages and other immune cells whereas other cells such as fibroblasts are already present in both primary and secondary lesions. When these cells come into contact with cancer cells they are “educated” and acquire a pro-tumoural phenotype, which support all the steps of the metastatic cascade. In this Review, we highlight the role played by each stromal component in guiding cancer cells in their venture towards colonizing metastatic sites
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
- …
