1,721,053 research outputs found
Mora Romagnola, le attuali esperienze sono positive
No full textAnalisi aggiornata dell'allevamento della razza suina autoctona italiana Mora Romagnola. Indicazioni sulle strategie selettive necessarie per mantenere un accettabile livello di consanguineità in questa razza a ridotta consistenza numerica
miRNome of Italian Large White pig subcutaneous fat tissue: new miRNAs, isomiRs and moRNAs
No full textSmall RNAs, such as micro-RNAs (miRNAs), are decisive regulators of gene expression, and they could determine adipose tissue traits. A better knowledge of porcine fat genomics is relevant given that the pig is a biomedical model for metabolic and cardiovascular human pathologies. Adipose tissue is particularly important for the meat industry. We explored the miRNome of two adult Italian Large White pig backfat samples by Illumina RNA-Seq. Using custom bioinformatic methods, the expressed miRNAs were identified and quantified and the nucleotide sequence variability of miRNA isoforms were analysed. We detected 222 known miRNAs, 68 new miRNAs and 17 miRNA-offset RNAs (moRNAs) expressed from known hairpins, and 312 new miRNAs expressed from 253 new hairpins. Porcine transcripts targeted by the most expressed miRNAs were predicted, showing that these miRNAs may have an impact on Wnt, insulin signalling and axon guidance pathways. The expression of five small RNAs, including moRNA ssc-5′-moR-21 and a miRNA from a new hairpin, was validated by a qRT-PCR assay, thus confirming the robustness of our results. The depicted miRNome complexity suggests that quantitative and qualitative features of miRNAs and non-canonical products of their precursors are worthy of further investigation to clarify their roles in the adipose tissue biology
Comparison of expression levels of fourteen genes involved in the lipid and energy metabolism in two pig breeds
No full textFat content, fatty acid composition and lean cut weight are important parameters which influence meat and carcass quality in pigs. Up to now, the genes involved in the regulation of the lipid and energy metabolism in porcine skeletal muscle and fat tissue are still relatively unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression levels of fourteen genes (ACACA, ACLY, CES3, ENO3, FASN, INSIG2, LMNA, MTTP, ACVR1C, NAMPT, PLIN1, PLIN2, PLTP and SORT1) mapped on different chromosomes (1, 4, 7, 8, 9, 12, 15 and 17) which were chosen for their involvement in lipid or energy metabolism in porcine muscle and backfat tissue. Tissue samples from Italian Large White and Italian Duroc pig breeds were collected at the slaughterhouse and frozen in liquid nitrogen. After extraction, the mRNA was quantified by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the transcription levels of the genes analysed were compared between breeds for each tissue. In the backfat tissue, differences were found for the ACACA, ACLY, and FASN genes whose highest gene expression levels were found in Italian Large White pigs. In addition, a correlation analysis was carried out between the transcription levels of the genes considered in each tissue and breed. Co-expression relationships still relatively unknown were identified, suggesting new associations between genes which in some cases differed between the two breeds. These results suggest differences between Italian Large White and Italian Duroc pig breeds determined at the genome level affecting carcass quality and fat traits
Association study of FASN, ACLY, ACACA, SCD, ELOVL6 genes with backfat fatty acid profile and intramuscular fat in Italian Large White pigs
No full textFatty acid composition (FAC) of backfat tissue in pigs is an important trait in pig industry mainly for dry-cured ham produc- tion. In pig adipose tissue, variations in FAC contributes to qual- itative characteristics of fresh meat and seasoned products. FAC is influenced by diet, genetics, breed, sex and environmental fac- tors. Several genes affecting fatty acid composition were high- lighted but the regulation of fatty acid (FA) metabolism and fat deposition is complex and not plenty known yet. For the current study we considered eight known SNPs of 5 candidate genes Acetyl-Coenzyme A Carboxylase Alpha (ACACA), Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN), ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), fatty acid elongase 6 (ELOVL6) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) chosen for their functions in lipid metabolism and for the genome positions to perform an association study with FA composition in Italian Large White (ILW) breed. A sample of 536 ILW pigs was geno- typed using PCR-RFLP or High Resolution Melting (HRM) PCR. FAC was determined by gas chromatography after after direct trans-esterification of subcutaneous lipids. The results allowed to determine that 37.58% of the total FA of backfat was represent- ed by saturated FA (SFA), 43.70% by monounsaturated FA (MUFA) and 18.29% by polyunsaturated FA (PUFA). The content of individual SFA, MUFA and PUFA of the analyzed tissue was measured. The association between FA and the genotypes of the 5 candidate genes was assessed using a MIXED model and SAS software. Moreover, the coefficient of correlation between the analysed FA was calculated. Genotyping results revealed that the polymorphisms ACACA NM_198837:c.4899G>A, ACACA NM_198837:c.5196T>C, and ELOVL6 XM_003357048:c.533C>T were monomorphic in the analyzed samples. Significant associ- ation with FAC were obtained for the SNP FASN AY183428:g.265T>C with C14 (P=0.005), C18 (P=0.008), C20 (P=0.0006). The SNP SCD AY487830:g.2228T>C was associated to C18:1 (P=0.03). and MUFA (P=0.05). Moreover ACLY NM_001105302:c.2956T>C presented a significant effect on C20 (P=0.05) and C18:2 cis9,trans11(P=0.05). These results high- lighted that the key genes for lipid metabolism considered in the study can regulate backfat FAC of ILW and the analysed polymor- phisms could be markers useful to modulate the subcutaneous FA profile in pigs
SNPs and microsatellite markers for genetic diversità study in Italian pig breeds
No full textThe use of molecular markers in functional genes as tool to characterize the genetic diversity in livestock populations can provide new opportunities for the identification of putative alleles of economic value. The aim of this study was to investigate on the genetic diversity among eleven pig breeds by typing SNPs in 23 genes coding for protein. DNA samples of five Italian native pig breeds (Calabrese, Casertana, Cinta Senese, Mora Romagnola and Nero Siciliano) and six cosmopolite breeds (Italian Large White, Italian Landrace, Italian Duroc, Belgian Landrace, Hampshire and Piétrain) were used. A sample of Meishan breed was also included. Allele frequencies, heterozygosity, Fst, Fis, Fit, and Reynold’s genetic distances were calculated and Neighbour-Joining tree with bootstrap resampling was obtained. The average expected heterozygosity over all loci ranged from 0.187 in Mora Romagnola to 0.342 in Italian Large White. Mora Romagnola and Meishan breeds showed the lowest within-population diversity. The results obtained for SNPs were compared with those produced previously in Pig Biodiversity project that analysed DNA samples of the same breeds of the present study, except for Mora Romagnola, using microsatellites markers. The SNP marker-based regression of heterozygosity vs distance from each population to origin produced a similar trend to that obtained with microsatellites. This analysis indicates that the founder expected heterozygosity is 0.382 for SNPs and 0.773 for microsatellites
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Association study between single nucleotide polymorphisms in porcine genes and pork quality traits for fresh consumption and processing into Italian dry-cured ham
No full textSingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of six genes (TTN, PRKAG3, CAST, CTSB, CTSF, and MYPN), known for associations with carcass and meat quality traits, post mortem proteolysis, were screened in a commercial crossed population of 368 heavy pigs (Large White x Landrace) × Duroc, reared according to the rules of Italian Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) dry-cured ham. Carcass, longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle (LTL), and green ham traits were obtained after slaughtering, main weight losses of dry-cured hams were collected during processing. The results showed the impact of CAST variants on carcass weight, of CTSF on LTL tenderness, ham weight and fatness, of PRKAG3 and TTN on ultimate pH, hamweight. This study, while confirming significant associations between SNPs of genes and qualitative traits of carcass, longissimus and ham, supports CTSF as candidate gene suitable for fresh consumption purpose (tenderness of longissimus at 24 h post mortem), and for dry-cured ham processing (higher thickness of ham subcutaneous fat)
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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