1,721,397 research outputs found
Outcome of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: cause of death, survival rates and long-term implications
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Pulmonary-renal syndrome
No full textPulmonary-renal syndrome is defined as the combination of diffuse alveolar haemorrhage (DAH) and glomerulonephritis. The majority of cases are initiated by small vessel vasculitides presenting antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA): Wegener's granulomatosis (WG), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and Churg-Strauss-syndrome (CSS). Up to 25% of these ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAV) have also an increased venous thromboembolic risk due to circulating anti-plasminogen antibodies. Pulmonary-renal syndrome in AAV is often fatal without treatment, which still relies on immunosuppression by cytotoxic agents. As such therapy may be lethal itself, accurate assessment of disease severity is mandatory. In this scenario, plasma exchange (PLEX) has proven a fast-acting therapeutic adjunct during severe disease as it limits the use of immunosuppressives and their life-threatening side effects. Novel biomarkers of AAV activity, as well as data from randomized trials investigating new agents, will be essential to improve treatment of severe and refractory forms in the future
Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome
No full textAntiphospholipid antibody (APLA) syndrome (APS) is a heterogeneous disorder defined by the finding of persistent APLA in patients with arterial or venous thrombosis or pregnancy morbidity. APS manifestations range from deep vein thrombosis to stroke and even rapid multiorgan failure (the rare catastrophic APS). APS may be primary or secondary; in both cases, however, the clinical consequences appear to be the same. Although crucial to thrombotic risk assessment and clinical management, current laboratory testing for APLA lacks standardization and data from randomized trials. Consequently, correlating laboratory findings with clinical features is still a challenge for clinicians facing APS. This chapter presents the current definition of APS and discusses its etiopathogenesis and diagnosis and approaches for its treatment
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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