50 research outputs found
The Multidimensional Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory–English (MPCI-E): Reliability, validity, and relationships with positive and negative affect
No full textThe Multidimensional Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory (MPCI; Kobori & Tanno, 2004) is a promising new instrument developed in Japan to assess perfectionism cognitions regarding personal standards, pursuit of perfection, and concern over mistakes. The present study examined reliability and validity of the English version of the MPCI, the MPCI-E (Kobori, 2006), in a sample of 371 native English speakers. A confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the MPCI-E’s three-factorial oblique structure. Moreover, correlations with measures of dispositional perfectionism and past-week positive and negative affect provided first evidence of the MPCI-E’s convergent and differential validity. Finally, hierarchical multiple regressions indicated that the MPCI-E showed incremental validity in explaining variance in positive and negative affect above variance explained by dispositional perfectionism. Overall, the findings provide first evidence for the reliability and validity of the MPCI-E as a multidimensional measure of perfectionism cognitions that has the potential to further our understanding of positive and negative cognitions in perfectionism
Nanog-driven cell-reprogramming and self-renewal maintenance in Ptch1 +/- granule cell precursors after radiation injury
No full textMedulloblastoma (MB) is the most common pediatric brain tumor, comprising four distinct molecular variants, one of which characterized by activation of the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) pathway, driving 25-30% of sporadic MB. SHH-dependent MBs arise from granule cell precursors (GCPs), are fatal in 40-70% of cases and radioresistance strongly contributes to poor prognosis and tumor recurrence. Patched1 heterozygous (Ptch1 +/-) mice, carrying a germ-line heterozygous inactivating mutation in the Ptch1 gene, the Shh receptor and negative regulator of the pathway, are uniquely susceptible to MB development after radiation damage in neonatal cerebellum. Here, we irradiated ex-vivo GCPs isolated from cerebella of neonatal WT and Ptch1 +/- mice. Our results highlight a less differentiated status of Ptch1-mutated cells after irradiation, influencing DNA damage response. Increased expression levels of pluripotency genes Nanog, Oct4 and Sal4, together with greater clonogenic potential, clearly suggest that radiation induces expansion of the stem-like cell compartment through cell-reprogramming and self-renewal maintenance, and that this mechanism is strongly dependent on Nanog. These results contribute to clarify the molecular mechanisms that control radiation-induced Shh-mediated tumorigenesis and may suggest Nanog as a potential target to inhibit for adjuvant radiotherapy in treatment of SHH-dependent MB. © 2017 The Author(s)
Improving Error Detection in Deep Learning Based Radiotherapy Autocontouring Using Bayesian Uncertainty
No full textBayesian Neural Nets (BNN) are increasingly used for robust organ auto-contouring. Uncertainty heatmaps extracted from BNNs have been shown to correspond to inaccurate regions. To help speed up the mandatory quality assessment (QA) of contours in radiotherapy, these heatmaps could be used as stimuli to direct visual attention of clinicians to potential inaccuracies. In practice, this is non-trivial to achieve since many accurate regions also exhibit uncertainty. To influence the output uncertainty of a BNN, we propose a modified accuracy-versus-uncertainty (AvU) metric as an additional objective during model training that penalizes both accurate regions exhibiting uncertainty as well as inaccurate regions exhibiting certainty. For evaluation, we use an uncertainty-ROC curve that can help differentiate between Bayesian models by comparing the probability of uncertainty in inaccurate versus accurate regions. We train and evaluate a FlipOut BNN model on the MICCAI2015 Head and Neck Segmentation challenge dataset and on the DeepMind-TCIA dataset, and observed an increase in the AUC of uncertainty-ROC curves by 5.6% and 5.9%, respectively, when using the AvU objective. The AvU objective primarily reduced false positives regions (uncertain and accurate), drawing less visual attention to these regions, thereby potentially improving the speed of error detection.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Computer Graphics and VisualisationPattern Recognition and Bioinformatic
Classroom interaction and instructional design <資料>
No full textReflections on course styles and instructional modes are presented. The author focused on the lecture course 'Mind and Behaviour' and the seminar course 'Seminar in Psychological Readings' in Hiroshima University. 'Mind and Behaviour' contained talk and group work. Opening with conversation helped the author relax and anticipate the appropriate pace and manner for the day' s lecture, and it encouraged students to have fun in the course. Group work made the lecture bidirectional and helped motivate students to be active, engaged, and attentive towards the course. 'Seminar in Psychological Readings' contained similar conversational interaction and attempted to employ appellative strategy. As in 'Mind and Behaviour', the author benefited from an initial period of informal talk and students found the conversational time pleasant and informative. The author' s observations of seminar activities suggest that conversation also supports good presentation performances and stimulates quality discussions. Although appellative strategy towards the author appeared to be more difficult than anticipated, students called each other using first-names or nicknames and the discussions were active and the participation was lively
Research Paradigm of Displaced Aggression
No full textA review of research paradigm of displaced aggression is presented. The author arranged the Japanese wording of displaced aggression, summarized the historical transition of research on displaced aggression, and reviewed research paradigm of displaced aggression
Divergence through differential frequency: The grammaticalization of the Japanese connective soredewa ‘now/then’
No full textAbstractBased on an extensive analysis of Early Modern and Modern Japanese texts, the present study illustrates how the Japanese connective soredewa and its variants underwent semantic-pragmatic changes over time. More specifically, the quantitative evidence provided in this study reveals that the reduced and non-reduced forms of soredewa progressively diverged. The reduced form became strongly associated with newer functions, while the non-reduced forms reverted to their previous uses after the reduced forms increased their presence in the language. The development of the reduced forms was found to follow the Reducing and Autonomy Effects of high token frequency proposed by Bybee (2007). These results shed new light on the functional relationships that develop between reduced and non-reduced forms during grammaticalization, a topic in need of more attention and evidence in historical pragmatics
Using communication papers to facilitate interactive instruction <Material>
No full textThoughts on communication papers to facilitate interactive instruction are presented. The author focused on the lecture course ‘Mind and Behaviour' and the seminar course ‘Seminar in Psychological Readings' in Hiroshima University. Students wrote their questions and comments on the day's lecture or class on a communication paper that was provided to them at the beginning of each session. The author addressed these queries/comments at the beginning of the next lecture or class. Students mentioned that the communication papers made the courses interactive and facilitated understanding. In addition, the use of interactive instruction had some positive outcomes. Firstly, the interactive style of instruction let the students know other students' opinions and widened their knowledge. Secondly, the communication paper gave students opportunities to cultivate their thoughts. Finally, the communication papers acted as memos for the students to use while expressing their opinions. The author's observations suggest that the communication papers helped the students to express the questions they thought
Laplace, Einstein and Related Equations on D-General Warping
No full textWOS: 000455166700002A new concept, namely, D-general warping (M=M1xM2,g), is introduced by extending some geometric notions defined by Blair and Tanno. Corresponding to a result of Tanno in almost contact metric geometry, an outcome in almost Hermitian context is provided here. On TM, the Riemann extension (introduced by Patterson and Walker) of the Levi-Civita connection on (M,g) is characterized. A Laplacian formula of g is obtained and the harmonicity of functions and forms on (M,g) is described. Some necessary and sufficient conditions for (M,g) to be Einstein, quasi-Einstein or -Einstein are provided. The cases when the scalar (resp. sectional) curvature is positive or negative are investigated and an example is constructed. Some properties of (M,g) for being a gradient Ricci soliton are considered. In addition, D-general warpings which are space forms (resp. of quasi-constant sectional curvature in the sense of Boju, Popescu) are studied.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [1059B141600696]; Research Fund of the Istanbul Technical University (GAP) [TGA-2018-41211]Both authors would like to thank all three referees for their reports and for carefully reading the manuscript. The second author thanks The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) for financial support (Grant Number: 1059B141600696), which helps to carry out a part of this work. The second author is also supported by Research Fund of the Istanbul Technical University (GAP project reference TGA-2018-41211)
Taking over research styles and instructional modes of leading researcher <資料>
No full textThe author had been a Visiting Fellow under Dr. Thomas Denson at University of New South Wales in Australia from 1st July to 26th September in 2011. The purpose of the visit was, (a) to translate the doctoral dissertation from Japanese into English, (b) to attend the lab meeting of Social Psychology Laboratory, and (c) to attend the course of Dr. Denson. A report of taking over research styles and instructional modes of leading researcher is presented
Sabbatical experiences and beyond: Enrichment and integration in psychology research and education
No full textSophistications of research and education in psychology by using knowledges acquired in sabbatical leave is presented. Discussions and engagements were vibrant across laboratory meetings, academic discussions, seminar classes, and undergraduate lectures during sabbatical. The dynamic environment facilitated discussions on topics ranging from specific studies to research planning and educational methodologies. The author’s visit to another institute further enriched understanding of global academic practices. Leveraging insights gained, the author streamlined research processes and refined teaching methodologies upon online lectures. This sabbatical journey not only enriched the author’s academic pursuits but also contributed to the advancement of research and education at the home university
