391 research outputs found
Correlated Local Fluctuations in the Hydrogen Bond Network of Liquid Water
No full textThe hypothesis that liquid water can separate into two phases in the supercooled state has been supported by recent experimental and theoretical studies. However, whether such structural inhomogeneity extends to ambient conditions is under intense debate. Due to the dynamic nature of the hydrogen bond network of liquid water, exploring its structure requires detailed insight into the collective motion of neighboring water molecules, a missing link that has not been examined so far. Here, highly sensitive quantum mechanical calculations detect that the time evolution of nearby hydrogen bonds is strongly correlated, revealing a direct mechanism for the appearance of short-range structural fluctuations in the hydrogen bond network of liquid water for the first time. This correlated dynamics is found to be closely connected to the static structural picture. The distortions from the tetrahedral structure do not occur independently but are correlated due to the preference of nearby donors and acceptors to be in similar environments. The existence of such cooperative fluctuations is further supported by the temperature dependence of the local structural evolution and explained by conventional analysis of localized orbitals. It was found that such correlated structural fluctuations are only observed on a short length scale in simulations at ambient conditions. The correlations of the nearby hydrogen bond pairs of liquid water unveiled here are expected to offer a new insight into connecting the dynamics of individual water molecules and the local structure of the hydrogen bond network.
Application of Tawarruq munazzam in Malaysia / Ismail Rustam
No full textNowadays, the development of Islamic Financial Institutions has given positive impact towards Islamic bank industry. Many new contracts have been introduced as
an alternative to conventional bank products. Tawarruq munazzam or known as commodity murabahah is one of the contracts. In this study, the author has set several
objectives which are to explain the concept of tawarruq munazzam, discussing the fuqaha’s opinions on this contract and explain the modus operandi of tawarruq
munazzam implements in Malaysia. The study founds that tawarruq munazzam is a contract that practice by Islamic bank to provide financing towards customers. The
practice of this contract is contrary to the conventional bank’s financing products. This is because the features of both contracts are different. In fact, tawarruq munazzam is a contract based on the trading transaction, meanwhile, the financing product offered by conventional banks is based on loans which containing riba. Majority of contemporary fuqaha permit the practice of tawarruq munazzam based on their ijtihad to provide maslahah among the society. Meanwhile, there are also fuqaha who prohibited this practice because it seems like a hilah to permit riba. Lastly, an Every Islamic bank in Malaysia is using a platform such as as-Sidq, London Metal Exchange, and Bursa Suq al-Sila to trade the commodity while practicing tawarruq
munazzam
Foreigners in the Empire of Trebizond (the Case of Orientals and Italians)
No full textThis article provides a comparative analysis of the two largest groups of foreigners in the Empire of Trebizond : those from the East (primarily Turks), and Italians. In particular, it contains the etymology of seven Oriental names and prosopographic analysis of the holders that have not previously been discussed in the literature. The article poses the problem of the presence of naturalized Italians and their descendants in rural areas of the Empire of Trebizond. The author concludes that although the number of Italian migrants was considerably smaller than the number of newcomers from Muslim Asia, the Italians had a more prestigious status in the Trapezuntine society.Shukurov Rustam. Foreigners in the Empire of Trebizond (the Case of Orientals and Italians). In: At the Crossroads of Empires : 14th - 15th Century Eastern Anatolia. Proceedings of the International Symposium held in Istanbul, 4th - 6th May 2007. Istanbul : Institut Français d'Études Anatoliennes-Georges Dumézil, 2012. pp. 71-84. (Varia Anatolica, 25
Foreigners in the Empire of Trebizond (the Case of Orientals and Italians)
No full textThis article provides a comparative analysis of the two largest groups of foreigners in the Empire of Trebizond : those from the East (primarily Turks), and Italians. In particular, it contains the etymology of seven Oriental names and prosopographic analysis of the holders that have not previously been discussed in the literature. The article poses the problem of the presence of naturalized Italians and their descendants in rural areas of the Empire of Trebizond. The author concludes that although the number of Italian migrants was considerably smaller than the number of newcomers from Muslim Asia, the Italians had a more prestigious status in the Trapezuntine society.Shukurov Rustam. Foreigners in the Empire of Trebizond (the Case of Orientals and Italians). In: At the Crossroads of Empires : 14th - 15th Century Eastern Anatolia. Proceedings of the International Symposium held in Istanbul, 4th - 6th May 2007. Istanbul : Institut Français d'Études Anatoliennes-Georges Dumézil, 2012. pp. 71-84. (Varia Anatolica, 25
Vibrational Signature of Water Molecules in Asymmetric Hydrogen Bonding Environments
No full textThe O-H stretching vibrational modes of water molecules are sensitive to their local environments. Here, we applied effective normal mode analysis to isolate contributions of each of the two hydrogen atoms to the vibrational modes nu(1) and nu(3) of water molecules in the liquid phase. We demonstrate that the decoupling of the two contributions f(d) and the frequency splitting of the vibrational modes Delta omega(13) are inextricably related to the symmetry of the hydrogen bonding environment. We show that ambient liquid water modeled at the density functional level of theory exhibits the characteristics of an asymmetric environment with an average decoupling of 0.82 and a splitting of 137 inverse centimeters Such large value of decoupling and splitting would account for the inhomogeneous broadening as observed in the vibrational spectra of liquid water. The computational protocols and the results of this work will facilitate the interpretation of experimental Raman and infrared spectra of interfacial water molecules at hydrophobic, membrane, and protein surface
Vibrational Signature of Water Molecules in Asymmetric Hydrogen Bonding Environments
No full textThe O-H stretching vibrational modes of water molecules are sensitive to their local environments. Here, we applied effective normal mode analysis to isolate contributions of each of the two hydrogen atoms to the vibrational modes nu(1) and nu(3) of water molecules in the liquid phase. We demonstrate that the decoupling of the two contributions f(d) and the frequency splitting of the vibrational modes Delta omega(13) are inextricably related to the symmetry of the hydrogen bonding environment. We show that ambient liquid water modeled at the density functional level of theory exhibits the characteristics of an asymmetric environment with an average decoupling of 0.82 and a splitting of 137 inverse centimeters Such large value of decoupling and splitting would account for the inhomogeneous broadening as observed in the vibrational spectra of liquid water. The computational protocols and the results of this work will facilitate the interpretation of experimental Raman and infrared spectra of interfacial water molecules at hydrophobic, membrane, and protein surface
The Company Probability of Bankruptcy Assessment by Altman Z Score Method (Study at Consumption Manufacturing Corporation Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange Year 2018 - 2020)
No full textThis study aims to determine the company probability of bankruptcy
assessment by Altman Z score method (study at consumption manufacturing
corporation listed in indonesia stock exchange year 2018 - 2020). This research
used secondary data which can be accessed from www.idx.co.id. The population of
this research is 63 companies. The sampling method for this research is purposive
sampling method, so there are 32 companies were obtained for 3 observation
periods (2018-2020) with total 96 research observation. The data analysis
technique used are descriptive analysis and Altman Z Score. The results of this
research shows that in 2018 there was 19 healthy companies, 6 grey area
companies, and 7 bankrupt companies. In 2019 there was 18 healthy companies, 6
grey area companies, and 8 bankrupt companies. In 2020 there was 18 healthy
companies,5 grey area companies, and 9 bankrupt companies. There are 15
companies that have maintained a healthy financial condition for 3 consecutive
years.89 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
A fuzzy logic model to forecast stock market momentum in Indonesia’s property and real estate sector
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