1,720,977 research outputs found
D1.2 REE Balance Problem Analysis
No full textThe balance between the demand by the economic markets and the earth elements (REEs) in ores is a major issue for REE suppliers. This is the so (or Balancing Problem). The ideal situation is a perfect match between the demand and production nof REEs, so that there are no surpluses of any of the REEs. The Balance Prrare-earth industry has to find new applications for REEs that are available in excess, or to search for substitutions for REEs that have limited availability and that are high in dgiven for the trends in applications of the different REEs. It is shown that magnesium and aluminium alloys offer an excellent opportunity to mitigate the Balance Problem. This is illustrated for the REEs recycled from fluorescent lamp phosphor waste batteries (NiMH batteries). At present, five REEs are being considered as very critical (Nd, Eu, Tb, Dy,Y), but it is forecast that on the medium relationship between criticality and the Balance Problem is discussed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Industrial Liquid Effluents in the Pulp and Paper Industry
No full textCurrently production integrated environmental protection is one of the key topics in the pulp & paper industry. This guide-book on best available techniques (BAT) in the pulp and paper industry reflects the information exchange carried by different European experts. This guide-book gives a general overview on processes in the pulp and paper industry, its typical effluents, and available techniques of treatment, especially water. In terms of an efficient environmental protection strategy right from the design or planning stage this guide book should be considered very seriously. It is also very essential in process design and should also be observed more carefully for future technical solutions. This guide-book is an addition to the Reference Document on best available techniques in the pulp and paper industry which reflects the results from an exchange of information according to Article 16(2) of Council Directive 96/61/EC. The Best Available Techniques Reference Documents (in short: BREFs) are published by the IPPC bureau (IPPC = Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control) in Sevilla (Spain): “Paper is essentially a sheet of fibres with a number of added chemicals that affect the properties and quality of the sheet. Besides fibers and chemicals, manufacturing of pulp and paper requires a large amount of process water and energy in the form of steam and electric power. Consequently, the main environmental issues associated with pulp and paper production are emissions to water, emissions to air, and energy consumption. Waste is expected to become a gradually increasing environmental issue of concern.” On 23 October 2000, the “Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the Community action in the field of water policy” or in short the EU Water Framework Directive (or even shorter the WFD) was finally adopted. This Directive is the most substantial piece of water legislation from the EC to date. It requires all inland and coastal water bodies to reach at least “good status” by 2015. It will do this by establishing a river basin district structure within which demanding environmental objectives will be set, including ecological targets for surface waters. The Directive therefore sets a framework which should provide substantial benefits for the long term sustainable management of water. The implementation of Water Framework Directive has started in most of the EU countries and it will have a strong effect on which discharges/impurities will be important to limit in the future, how effluents are measured, and which water systems are controlled. This guide-book should help to realize water treatment processes in accordance with the requirements of WFD
EU Thematic Network on Industrial Liquid Effluents (ILE) Guide Book for the Treatment of Industrial Liquid Effluents
Get PDFDas Kapitel beschreibt die "Advanced Oxidation Processes", die in der Textilindustrie anwendbar sein können
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
D 5.1 LCA for REE and Mg Recovery Technologies
No full textThis report contains economic and environmental performance of the different routes selected in WP 1 for the REE recovery to be applied in a new process for the production of Mg+REE alloying ingots
- …
