138 research outputs found
Marie-Rose: She Who Believed in Tomorrow: The Story of the Foundress of the Sisters of the Holy Names of Jesus and Mary (Expanded Edition 2015)
No full text40 leaves; a brief history of Mother Marie-Rose, née Eulalie Durocher, and her life of service
A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Behavioral Economic Intervention for Substance Abuse in a Diverse College Sample
No full textHeavy drinking and drug use among college students has become a major public health concern. Approximately 45% of college students engage in heavy episodic drinking and 28% of young adults report concurrent alcohol and illegal drug use. This pattern of substance use increases risk for experiencing a variety of substance-related consequences. Brief motivational interventions (BMIs) have been found to be effective in reducing alcohol consumption among college students, yet they yield relatively small effect sizes (d = .11-.4). Only about two thirds of students show a treatment response with 5-29% continuing to drink at risky levels. Hence, there is a need to enhance the efficacy of BMI’s for alcohol and drug use. Based on research indicating that low-level of substance-free reinforcement is a risk factor for poor BMI response, a recent pilot study demonstrated that one effective way of enhancing the efficacy of BMI’s is the introduction of a supplemental session that directly targets the behavioral economic mechanisms of substance-free reinforcement and delayed reward discounting (Substance Free Activity Session: SFAS). The purpose of the current study was to conduct a randomized controlled trial intended to replicate and extend the aforementioned study by adapting the typical motivational interviewing and substance-free activity sessions to address the risk factors of an ethnically diverse college sample and by focusing on both drug and alcohol misuse. In addition to encouraging engagement in constructive alternatives to substance-use and reducing delayed reward discounting, the sessions addressed variables that might confer unique risk for substance misuse among minority students, such as racism. Participants were 97 college students (58.8% women; 59.8% white/Caucasian; M age = 20.01, SD = 2.23) who reported at least one heavy drinking episode in the past month. After completing a baseline assessment and an individual alcohol-focused BMI, participants were randomized to either the SFAS session or an education control session. A series of mixed model analyses revealed that participants in the BMI + SFAS group reported less overall substance use and fewer days using marijuana at the 6 month follow-up. These results suggest that traditional alcohol and drug BMI’s can be enhanced by the addition of a session that focuses on increasing alternatives to substance use
Footprints, Imprints: Seeing Environmentalist and Buddhist Marie Byles as an Eastern Australian
No full textThis paper looks at the Australian author, traveller, conservationist and Buddhist Marie Byles (1900-1979) as “eastern” and Australian at once. It investigates the influence of Buddhist spirituality and travel on her approach to the environment and explores some possibilities arising from looking at her work as part of a broader transnational humanitarian and intellectual identification, moving beyond ethnicity based boundaries. Thinking about eastern Australian identities can encourage consideration of Australia in Asia, Australia as Asian, connections across seas, and links and differences within Australia. The paper explores Marie Byles as an eastern Australian by considering her travel in Sydney and the region (in Australia, China, Vietnam, India and Burma) from the 1930s to the 1960s, the design and use of her home as a hub for early Buddhist meetings, her publication of texts discussing Eastern philosophy, and her environmental activism. Throughout the discussion Byles’s understanding of power relations, derived from an entwining of feminist and socialist ideas, a pacifist and Buddhist/spiritualist revaluation of environments emerges. From these influences she provided challenges to her fellow walkers, environmentalists, and society at large to rethink relationships with nature and each other, insights that have yet to be adequately explored and recognised
The Elegy on the Death of Napoleon, Followed by His Farewells to Marie-Louise; by the Widow of a Soldier
No full textNapoleon Bonaparte was the Emperor of France from 1804 through 1814. He was exiled for the first time in 1814 by the allied forces and sent to the Island of Elba. He escaped from the island and returned to France for his 100 day reign. In June 1815, three days after his defeat at Waterloo, Napoleon surrendered himself to the allied forces. Once again, he was exiled, this time to the Atlantic island of Saint Helena. Napoleon spent the remainder of his life on the island with only the company of Henri Gatien Bertrand, a loyal friend and general of the French army. Napoleon fell ill and died on May 5, 1821 away from his wife and son. His body was originally buried on Saint Helena. It was not until 1844, when King Louis-Phillipe received permission from the British, that his body was transported to Paris, where he remains to this day in Les Invalides.
The Elegy on the Death of Napoleon conveys the tragedy of Napoleon\u27s death in the eyes of his supporters. The author highlights his military achievements and denounces those who have betrayed him. Although the exact identity of the author is unknown, she clearly is the widow of a soldier. Throughout the elegy, she relates the death of her own husband to that of Napoleon. The romantic and poetic style of the document shows the significance of Napoleon\u27s death and the emotional impact it had on his supporters.
Napoleon\u27s farewell to Marie-Louise was most likely written by Mme Bernard, a widow of an Aide-de-Camp in Napoleon\u27s army. Written from the point of view of Napoleon, the document demonstrates what the author believes Napoleon might have written as his final words to his wife, Marie-Louise. The document describes Napoleon longing for his family, his appreciation for Bertrand, his fears for the future of France, and finally his realization that his life is ending
Autobiography as myth of origin
No full textThe following PhD thesis will explore the connection between
autobiography and myth of origin: On the one hand, I am concerned with
the ways in which women autobiographers rewrite classical myths of
origin; on the other hand, I contend that autobiography itself is a myth of
origin, a recreation of the forces that created the narrator.
Throughout this thesis, I will develop two main themes: the first is the use
of myth as a framework for autobiographical writing. This is possible
because of myth's characteristic double focus on the universal and on the
particular version, the historical context. Myth allows feminist
autobiographers to connect themselves to universal truths from which they
are barred by patriarchal tradition and to carve out their own, highly
personal version.
The second theme is that the autobiographers depict the origin as the core
of the self and utterly Other. First, the narrator has to rely on the stories of
other people, or a 'family memory'. Second, the past can be seen as
connected to or leaving traces in the present; at the same time, it can be
completely Other and incompehensible. Third, the autobiographical I is
often cut off from her origins, and a constructive return that integrates the
past and the present self is only possible through a deliberate act of
mythmaking: It is mythmaking and storytelling that provides a connection
between self and Other.
I hope to make a contribution to feminist theory of autobiography as well as
to feminist theory. Reading autobiography as myth of origin approaches the
persistent problem of the relationship between the historical author and the
autobiographical self. Moreover, I will explore the the specific relation
between women and origins, and address the necessity for feminist theory
to develop a framework where self and Other are intimately connected
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"Belonging To An Outlaw Tribe”: Identifying With Difference In Three Autobiographies By Bechdel, Anzaldúa And Allison
No full textMy thesis centers around the autobiographies and autobiographical fiction of American authors from underrepresented or marginalized communities. I am working with three texts, each of which defies traditional norms of the autobiographical genre, deviating in form, structure, language and perspective. This project seeks to establish how the integration of such texts into the American literary and historical canons can function as a tool in the process of identity construction for those who deviate from the white, male, heterosexual identity that dominates traditional American storytelling. In Fun Home, the graphic memoir by Alison Bechdel, the author opens new terrains of memory in the gaps between text and image. Gloria Anzaldúa depicts the landscape and emotions of dual culture in Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza, a hybrid text of English and Spanish, prose and poetry. Finally, Bastard Out of Carolina,by Dorothy Allison, demonstrates the power of “telling lies” in an autobiography, as a method of working through the effects of trauma. The significance of my inquiry lies in its social-justice and educational implications, and I strive towards more equitable representation in the academy and American schools, as well as the wider philosophical aim of advocating for every individual’s agency in telling their own story
Design, synthesis, and characterization of bioactive amphiphiles for therapeutic applications
No full textAmphiphilic molecules are comprised of hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains. These molecules possess diverse chemical structures, which govern their physicochemical and biological properties, and these properties dictate amphiphiles’ use in various applications. This dissertation focuses on the design, synthesis, and characterization of amphiphiles for biomedical applications. Amphiphilic macromolecules (AMs), comprised of an acylated sugar backbone conjugated to a hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol), were investigated as atherosclerosis treatments. Atherosclerosis is characterized by the accumulation and macrophage-mediated uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Previous studies indicate that AMs competitively inhibit oxLDL uptake through interacting with macrophage scavenger receptors, which contain hydrophobic and/or basic residues near their binding domains. Using knowledge of scavenger receptor binding domains, two AM series – termed ether- and alkyl-AMs – were designed to elucidate whether hydrogen-bonding or hydrophobic-hydrophobic interactions more significantly influenced bioactivity, respectively. Upon successful synthesis of each series, AM physicochemical and biological properties were assessed. More hydrophobic AMs, possessing longer and/or alkyl-terminated (i.e., alkyl-AMs) acyl arms, exhibited enhanced oxLDL uptake inhibition and thus improved bioactivity. These studies demonstrated that hydrophobic interactions significantly influence anti-atherosclerotic activity. Biscationic tartaric acid-based amphiphiles were also investigated for antimicrobial applications. Cationic amphiphiles exhibit unique membrane-disrupting bactericidal mechanisms via a combination of electrostatic and hydrophobic-hydrophobic interactions. This work explored the specific impact of charge location on cationic amphiphiles’ antimicrobial and membrane activity. Two series of analogous cationic amphiphiles were synthesized, termed gemini-like and bola-like, which differed only in their charge location. After successful synthesis, antimicrobial activity was assessed and lead compounds identified. Bola-like amphiphiles exhibited preferential activity against gram-positive bacteria, while gemini-like amphiphiles were more active against gram-negative bacteria. Biophysical experiments indicated that the lead gemini-like amphiphile interacted with model membranes via electrostatic interactions, whereas the lead bola-like amphiphile relied on a combination of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. These studies demonstrate the significant influence of charge location on cationic amphiphile antimicrobial and membrane activity.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Allison Marie Fai
Defining the crime of aggression : cutting the Gordian knot ?
No full text"Mémoire présenté à la Faculté des Études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de LL.M. en Maîtrise en droit Option recherche"Le crime d'agression se veut etre un des quatre crimes internationaux sous la
juridiction de la CPI. Lorsque les delegues a la Conference de Rome n'eurent point
atteint de consensus sur une definition du crime, celui-ci resta, depuis, indefini en
droit. En consequence, la CPI n'aura juridiction pour entendre des causes portant
sur le crime d'agression qu'une fois la definition sera adoptee par l'Assemblee des
Etats Parties au plus tot en 2009.
Ce memoire traite trois problematiques liees au crime d'agression : la question de la
responsabilite penale individuelle, le role du Conseil de securite de l'ONU, et les
parametres du crime en tant que tel. La responsabilite penale individuelle est
analysee, inter alia, du point de vue du principe des sources du droit international.
Quant al'eventuelle implication du Conseil de securite dans le champ de
competence de la CPI sur le crime d'agression, l'auteure soutient tel que suit: Si le
Conseil de securite se voit accorde un pouvoir plus large que celui dont il est
presentement dote en vertu des articles 13(b) et 16 du Statut de Rome, chaque
membre permanent aura un veto sur toute situation d'agression qui serait autrement
portee devant la Cour. Ceci aura pour consequence de politiser la CPI en ce qui a
trait au crime et rendra hypothethique toute definition eventuelle. Si la definition est
bien con9ue et redigee, on fait valoir, qu'il n' est point necessaire de limiter
davantage la competence de la CPI. Les parametres de la definition du crime
proposes par l'auteure sont etablis selon les conclusions d'une analyse des notions
composantes de l'agression. L'essentiel du concept se veut un recours illegal et
non-necessaire qui constitue une rupture ala paix. Amoins qu'il ne soit exerce en
« legitime defence» ou en vertu d'un mandat du Chapitre VII, Ie recours ala force
constitue prima facie une agression et s'il est suffisamment grave, il s'agira d'un
crime d'agression. Ce memoire termine avec un projet de definition du crime
d'agression en vue d'avancer Ie discours vers un consensus sur ces problematiques
majeures. Non seulement est-il possible d'arriver aun consensus sur la definition,
croit l'auteure, mais nous sommes plus que jamais al'aube d'y parvenir.The crime of aggression is one of the four international crimes under the jurisdiction
of the ICC. When delegates at the Rome Conference were unable to agree on the content of a definition, the crime was left undefined. As a result, the ICC can only
begin prosecuting individuals for the crime of aggression once a definition is
adopted by the Assembly of States Parties in 2009, at the earliest.
This thesis examines three issues associated with the crime of aggression: the
question of individual criminal responsibility, the role of the UN Security Council
and the general scope of the definition of the crime of aggression itself Individual
criminal liability is reviewed, inter alia, from the perspective of international
sources doctrine. Regarding the role of the Security Council in relation to the crime
of aggression, the author concludes: if the Security Council is vested with more
powers than it already has under Articles 13(b) and 16 of the Rome Statute, each
permanent member will have a veto over any situation of aggression that might
otherwise be brought before the Court. This would result in a complete
politicization of the ICC and render moot any future definition of the crime of
aggression. If a definition for the crime of aggression is properly conceived and
constructed, it is argued, there is no need to further limit the Court's exercise of
jurisdiction. The author proposes general parameters for the scope ofthe definition
based on conclusions reached in the analysis of the conceptual components of
aggression. At its essence, the act of aggression is the unnecessary, unlawful use of
force which constitutes a breach ofthe peace. Unless employed in "self-defence" or
under a Chapter VII mandate, the use offorce constitutes prima facie an act of
aggression, and if it is sufficiently grave, a crime ofaggression. This thesis
concludes with a working definition ofthe crime of aggression to promote dialogue
and ultimately a consensus on these core issues. Not only is a definition is within
reach, the author believes, we are closer to it than we ever have been before
From Rural Ground to Rural Grocery: Designing a local food value chain
No full textPresent-day food systems in the U.S. are fraught with challenges that have spillover effects ranging from economic hardship of agricultural communities, inequitable access to nutritional foods, asymmetrical distribution of subsidies, and harsh environmental strains. Further contributing to a problematic system is the growing division between urban and rural settings, with the former receiving the majority of attention, planning, resources, and capital investment.
This thesis highlights the need to rethink the relationship between food and spatial planning. In response to more prevalent urban-focused queries that ask, “can food be produced where it is consumed,” the author of this work asks, “can food be consumed where it is produced?” to acknowledge issues around food access, nutritional health, and living wages of farmers and food producers.
Through a proposed design-planning approach that integrates lived experience and data analysis, the author offers methodological strategies for food system planning in a rural context. She discusses the role of design at multiple scales, and its importance in participatory food system planning. Lastly, a case study of a Food Hub project in North Central Massachusetts is used to enact the design-planning approach and propose schematic designs.M.C.P
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Constructing citizenship by telling tales : Anna Curtis Chandler's storytelling practices during the United States' involvement in World War I (1917-1918)
No full textThis study investigates how an art educator employed as a storyteller at the Metropolitan Museum of Art (Met) in New York City during the United States’ active military involvement in World War I engaged with ethics and issues of national identity on the American home front. By 1917, nearly a decade after Story Hours were introduced to the Museum by Assistant Secretary Henry Watson Kent, skilled orator Anna Curtis Chandler had begun to reimagine and expand the Met’s storytelling program. Divided into three primary components, the Story Hours welcomed Museum members on Saturdays, the general public on Sundays, and children on select weekdays. Moreover, Chandler broadened her storytelling activities to include written narratives, launching her career as an author with the seminal storybook, Magic Pictures of the Long Ago: Stories of the People of Many Lands, in 1918.
An examination is made into the Met’s founding, early development, and educational endeavors leading up to and during the United States’ active military involvement in World War I. Additionally, an overview of Chandler’s background and impetus for creating stories rooted in empathetic engagement is presented. This study implements historical interpretation of archival data from the Metropolitan Museum of Art Archives and Wellesley College Archives, as well as a chapter from Chandler’s aforementioned storybook, Magic Pictures of the Long Ago, to unpack her educational agenda during this turbulent time period. Using substantiated and purposely grounded historical imagination, I argued that Chandler developed an alternative Americanization program that cemented audiences within the frame of democratic nationalism, supplied an imaginary escape from the War’s harsh realities, and invited audience members to (re)construct their identities as citizens.Art Educatio
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