14 research outputs found
Building rapport, encouraging intrinsic motivation, and reducing anxiety with labor-based grading Labor-based grading: More rapport, less anxiety
No full textSince fall 2021, the author has practiced a method of ungrading, labor-based contract grading, in all courses in the small German program at the University of Nebraska at Omaha. The author has anecdotally observed less anxiety, fewer incidents of cheating, more cooperation among students, stronger rapport between students and instructors, growth of minors and majors, and more excitement and energy in the program. To familiarize the German language acquisition community with the literature, the article presents a comprehensive review of the harms of normative grading practices and the theories backing and questioning ungrading methods as alternatives. The mixed-methods study used pre- and post-semester surveys to measure the students’ perceptions of the benefits and disadvantages of the unconventional grading system and found that while there are opportunities to improve, almost all students approve of the method and see value in its emphasis on learning and de-emphasis on metrics for assessing language growth
Early Days of Food and Environmental Virology
No full textIn July 1962, the author joined the Food Research Institute (FRI), then at the University of Chicago, to become its food virologist. There was a limited record of waterborne viral disease outbreaks at the time; recorded data on foodborne outbreaks were fewer still. Laboratory environmental (water and wastewater) virology was in its infancy, and food virology was in gestation. Detection of viruses was most often attempted by inoculation of primary primate cell cultures, with observation for plaque formation or cytopathic effects. Focus was initially on enteroviruses and reoviruses. Environmental and food samples had to be liquefied if not already in liquid form; clarified to remove solids, bacteria, and fungi; and concentrated to a volume that could be tested in cell culture. Cytotoxicity was also a concern. Studies at the FRI and some other laboratories addressed all of these challenges. The FRI group was the World Health Organization’s Collaborating Center for Food Virology for many years. Other topics studied were virus inactivation as functions of temperature, time, matrix, disinfectants, and microbial action; peroral and ex-vivo infectivity; and the suitability of various virus surrogates for environmental monitoring and inactivation experiments. Detection of noroviruses and hepatitis A virus required molecular methods, most often RT-PCR. When it was found that inactivated virus often gave the same RT-PCR signal as that of infectious virus, sample treatments were sought, which would prevent false-positive test results. Many laboratories around the world have taken up food and environmental virology since 1962, with the result that a dedicated journal has been launched
Sobre la teoría y práctica filosófica andina ¡Kachkaykuraqmi! (¡Seguimos existiendo todavía!)
No full textLa historiografía filosófica y el pluralismo cultural antropológico han permitido la sistematización y estructuración de la racionalidad indígena sustantiva. La cultura andina prevalece hasta la actualidad y, como tal, también lo hace su filosofía (pachasofía). El presente trabajo cuestiona la crítica contemporánea al desarrollo y afirmación de una identidad filosófica indígena andina diferenciada. Analiza: 1) la negación canónica de su posibilidad; 2) su capacidad intercultural; 3) su capacidad identitaria como filosofía polilógica: 4) su ciencia y técnica filosófica.Philosophic historiography and anthropologic cultural pluralism have allowed the systematization and structuring of a substantive indigenous rationality. Andean culture subsists, and so does its philosophy, Pachasofía. In this paper, the author confronts those who criticize the development and existence of a differentiated Andean native philosophic identity by analyzing: 1) the canonical denial of the likelihood of its existence; 2) its intercultural capability; 3) its identity capability as a polylogic philosophy; and 4) its scientific and philosophic techniques
Glial cells as reparative targets for radiative damage to the nervous system
No full textDisorders of the nervous system (NS) impact millions of adults, worldwide, as a consequence of traumatic injury, genetic illness, or chronic health conditions. Contemporary studies have begun to incorporate neuroglia into emerging NS therapies to harness the regenerative potential of glial‐mediated synapses in the brain, the spinal cord, and the retina. Neuroglia are found across the entire NS, the Central Nervous System (CNS) consisting of the brain and spinal cord, and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) extending to the rest of the body. Within the CNS also exists the optic nerve and retina. Glial cells are known to provide structural support, homeostasis, differentiation, and more. Ensheathing much of the NS are the meninges, which carry cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the subarachnoid space (SAS). CSF is understood to provide support to the brain by providing neutral buoyancy and cushioning against trauma. The flow of CSF circulates essential polypeptides, metabolites, and growth factors that directly impact neural response and recovery via signaling with healthy glia. However, the SAS can become damaged via radiation, causing CSF to leak into nearby neural tissue. With the need for reparative targets to the nervous system, we investigated the innate restorative responses of neuroglia. Our first study illustrated the effects of CSF on non-myelinating Schwann cells of the neuromuscular junction and showed chemotactic behaviors in response to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) for neural therapies. Our second study examined the effects of ionic irradiation on Muller Glia and their neuroprotective responses. This study examined the use of antioxidants as radiation countermeasures and was further enhanced by use of NASA’s galactic cosmic ray (GCR) to simulate cosmic ionizing radiation in low and high radiation dose parameters. MG behaviors were studied in response to varying radiation doses and changes in survival and ROS production were measured. Our studies together illustrate the significance of examining neuroglia as therapeutic targets for neurological disorders.M.S.Includes bibliographical reference
Índice glucémico de cañahua, quinua y de productos enzimáticamente modificados de quinua Jacha Grano
No full textIntroduction: Andean grains such as quinoa and cañahua have exceptional nutritional qualities, foods with functional properties are increasingly required due to their implication in health, developing nutritional alternatives with specific qualities is of great interest, of the qualities to value the glycemic index and glycemic load are important for a possible implementation in special diets. The objective of this work was to determine the glycemic index (GI) of two enzymatically modified products of quinoa Jacha Grano, cañahua and different varieties of quinoa.Methodology: The effect of cañahua, quinoa and two enzymatically modified products of quinoa Jacha Grano on the glycemic index was determined according to the ISO 26642:2010 method. To obtain enzymatically modified products, a sequential hydrolysis was carried out with α-amylase/alcalase of Jacha Grano quinoa flour. Post hydrolysis, the soluble fraction was separated from the insoluble fraction by filter centrifugation, the soluble fraction was dried by spraying and the insoluble fraction by lyophilization.Results: The GI of the insoluble fraction product in the form of cookies (20.2) was obtained; of the product soluble fraction in the form of juice (39.5); the GI of white Royal quinoa (33.3); black Royal quinoa (28.1), red Royal quinoa (35.5), Jacha Grano quinoa (35.8) and Cañahua (36.3). Conclusions: The glycemic index values of different varieties of quinoa and Cañahua correspond to low values, like the soluble fraction product in the form of juice, the lowest value was obtained by the insoluble fraction product with high fiber and lipid content in the form of cookies. The effect on the GI of modified products suggests further studies in people who need specialized nutrition.Introducción: Los granos andinos como la quinua y la cañahua tienen cualidades nutricionales excepcio-nales. Los alimentos con propiedades funcionales son cada vez más requeridos por su implicación en la salud. Por ello, desarrollar alternativas nutricionales con cualidades específicas resulta de gran interés. La evaluación del índice glucémico (IG) y carga glucémica (CG) son importantes, particularmente de alimen-tos y suplementos cuyo índice glucémico y carga glucémica aún no han sido establecidos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar el IG de diferentes variedades de quinua, cañahua y de dos productos modificados enzimáticamente de quinua Jacha Grano propuestos como suplementos nutricionales.Metodología: El efecto de cañahua, quinua y dos productos modificados enzimáticamente de quinua Jacha Grano sobre el índice glucémico se determinó según método ISO 26642:2010. Para obtener productos modificados enzimáticamente, se realizó una hidrólisis secuencial con α-amilasa/alcalasa de harina de quinua Jacha Grano: post hidrólisis se separó la fracción soluble de la insoluble por centrifugación de filtro, la fracción soluble se secó por aspersión y por liofilización la fracción insoluble. Resultados: Se obtuvo el índice glucémico (IG) del producto de fracción insoluble en forma de galletas (20,2), del producto fracción soluble en forma de jugo (39,5), de quinua Real blanca (33,3), quinua Real negra (28,1), quinua Real roja (35,5), quinua Jacha Grano (35,8) y cañahua (36,3). Conclusiones: Los valores de índice glucémico de diferentes variedades de quinua y cañahua corresponden a valores bajos, al igual que el producto de fracción soluble en forma de jugo, el valor más bajo lo obtuvo el producto de fracción insoluble con alto contenido de fibra y lípidos en forma de galletas. El efecto sobre el IG de los productos modificados sugiere realizar estudios posteriores en personas que necesitan nutrición especializada
Índice glucémico de cañahua, quinua y de productos enzimáticamente modificados de quinua Jacha Grano
No full textIntroducción: Los granos andinos como la quinua y la cañahua tienen cualidades nutricionales excepcionales. Los alimentos con propiedades funcionales son cada vez más requeridos por su implicación en la salud. Por ello, desarrollar alternativas nutricionales con cualidades específicas resulta de gran interés. La evaluación del índice glucémico (IG) y carga glucémica (CG) son importantes, particularmente de alimentos y suplementos cuyo índice glucémico y carga glucémica aún no han sido establecidos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar el IG de diferentes variedades de quinua, cañahua y de dos productos modificados enzimáticamente de quinua Jacha Grano propuestos como suplementos nutricionales.
Metodología: El efecto de cañahua, quinua y dos productos modificados enzimáticamente de quinua Jacha Grano sobre el índice glucémico se determinó según método ISO 26642:2010. Para obtener productos modificados enzimáticamente, se realizó una hidrólisis secuencial con a-amilasa/alcalasa de harina de quinua Jacha Grano: post hidrólisis se separó la fracción soluble de la insoluble por centrifugación de filtro, la fracción soluble se secó por aspersión y por liofilización la fracción insoluble.
Resultados: Se obtuvo el índice glucémico (IG) del producto de fracción insoluble en forma de galletas (20,2), del producto fracción soluble en forma de jugo (39,5), de quinua Real blanca (33,3), quinua Real negra (28,1), quinua Real roja (35,5), quinua Jacha Grano (35,8) y cañahua (36,3).
Conclusiones: Los valores de índice glucémico de diferentes variedades de quinua y cañahua corresponden a valores bajos, al igual que el producto de fracción soluble en forma de jugo, el valor más bajo lo obtuvo el producto de fracción insoluble con alto contenido de fibra y lípidos en forma de galletas. El efecto sobre el IG de los productos modificados sugiere realizar estudios posteriores en personas que necesitan nutrición especializada
Electron acceleration sites in a large-scale coronal structure
No full textRadio observations and interplanetary particle measurements have
shown that even in the absence of conspicuous violent processes in the low
atmosphere (such as Hα flares) electrons are accelerated in the corona, most
likely at higher altitudes than during flares (≥0.5 R above the
photosphere). The paper presents direct evidence on the acceleration sites from
a case study of radio, visible light and soft X-ray observations: electrons are
repeatedly accelerated in a large-scale coronal structure which is identified
with a streamer in coronographic observations. Energy is simultaneously
released in an active region near the base of the structure and at a height of
∼1 R , over several hours before the large-scale structure erupts. Energy
input is observed in at least two emerging active regions underneath the
streamer. The coronal configuration is three-dimensional, overlying a whole
quadrant of the Sun. It is argued that the observations trace multiple sites of
energy release presumably in current sheets embedded within the streamer, in
agreement with scenarios developed for the acceleration of electrons seen in
the corona and at 1 AU, and for the evolution of large-scale coronal structures
towards eruption
AN INTERDISCIPLINARY FRAMEWORK FOR THE ANALYSIS OF FOODBORNE DISEASE
No full textFood Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,
Microbial Foodborne Disease: Hospitalizations, Medical Costs and Potential Demand for Safer Food
No full textFood Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Health Economics and Policy,
Measuring pregnancy planning: An assessment of the London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy among urban, south Indian women
No full textCopyright © 2010 Corinne H. Rocca et al.
This open-access work is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 2.0 Germany, which permits use, reproduction & distribution in any medium for non-commercial purposes, provided the original author(s) and source are given credit. See http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/de/.We evaluated the psychometric properties of the London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy among Indian women using classical methods and Item Response Modeling. The scale exhibited good internal consistency and internal structure, with overall scores correlating well with each item’s response categories. Items performed similarly for pregnant and non-pregnant women, and scores decreased with increasing parity, providing evidence for validity. Analyses detected small disadvantages, including low endorsement of middle response categories and some evidence of differential item functioning by parity. We conclude that the LMUP is suitable for use in India and recommend steps for improving scale performance for this cultural context.National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the Levis Strauss Foundation
