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ON SMALL TANGENTIAL MASS FORCES THAT MAY EXIST IN THE LITHOSPHERE. THEIR ROLE IN TECTONICS AND GEODYNAMICS
Get PDFThe author continues to investigate additional planetary-level stresses that occur in the crust due to distributed tangential mass forces. Such forces may be related to the daily rotation of the Earth and movements of the relatively solid core relative to the geocenter. In [Rebetskii, 2016], he discusses how the tangential mass forces in the continental crust are influencing additional meridional and latitudinal stresses and attempted to explain regularities of planetary fracturing. In this paper, he considers the role of the tangential mass forces in the occurrence of lateral movement of the lithospheric plates.The author proposes to estimate amplitudes of the tangential mass forces from the difference between the two global ellipsoids of rotation. The reference ellipsoid averages the level surface of the gravity potential, and the second ellipsoid averages the physical surface of the Earth, separately considering continents and oceans. The Earth’s dynamic compression factor estimated from satellite data is 1/305.5. This value corresponds well to the average polar compression of the two rotation ellipsoids, which approximately describes the shape of the Earth’s physical surface. Thus, in the first approximation, the polar compression of the Earth’s physical surface is less than that of the reference ellipsoid (1/298.25) that approximately describes the shape of the level surface of gravity (i.e. geoid).Gravity vectors deviate from the normal to the physical surface of the Earth by relatively small angles, according to calculations from the data on rotation ellipsoids (a maximum value of 16.4 at the 45° latitude). Tangential mass forces are thus small (2.15×10–4 G/cm3 at the 45° latitude). Due to small tangential forces, shear stresses about 0.3 MPa may occur at the base of the continental lithosphere (depths of 120–150 km). In their turn, such stresses can cause a shear flow in the asthenosphere, which provides for movements of the lithospheric plates at velocities of a few centimeters per year. The estimates in this study suggest that the tangential mass forces can be viewed as a possible source of the movements of the lithospheric plates.Regional rotation ellipsoids, that average the physical surface of the continental and oceanic parts of the Earth, were estimated separately for the northern and southern hemispheres. The largest deviations of the ellipsoids from the reference ellipsoid were revealed for the oceanic parts of both hemispheres of the Earth. The regional ellipsoids for the oceanic parts show smaller polar compression (1/313.1 in the northern hemisphere, and 1/306.9 in the southern hemisphere) than that of the reference ellipsoid, and this predetermines the north-south orientation of the tangential mass forces from the poles to the equator. Compared to the reference ellipsoid, polar compression values estimated for the regional ellipsoids of the continental crust are larger (1/296.2) in the northern hemisphere and smaller (1/303.2) in the southern hemisphere. According to the calculations, the oceanic lithosphere makes the major contribution to submeridional movements of the continental plates
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Structures of the Earth Crust and Their Interaction with Srresses. Geomechanics and Tectonophysics Data
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
COMMENT ON “GEODYNAMICS AS WAVE DYNAMICS OF THE MEDIUM COMPOSED OF ROTATING BLOCKS” BY А.V. VIKULIN [GEODYN. TECTONOPHYS., 2015, 6 (3), 345–364]
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