56 research outputs found
Transmisi Pemaknaan Al-Qur’an Dalam Sekar Sari Kidung Rahayu Karya Eyang Achmad Djuwahir Anomwidjaja
No full textThis research aims to describe Sekar Sari Kidung Rahayu and determine the transmission of science that occurs in this work. In this research the author used a qualitative descriptive research method. The results of this research are first, Sekar Sari Kidung Rahayu by Eyang Achmad Djuwahir Anomwidjaja is a tembang macapat which was composed as a form of response, appreciation and reception for the presence of the Qur'an in his cultural group. This work contains the meaning of the Qur’an , invitations and advice in studying the Qur’an . The completed work consists of Surah Al-Fatihah, An-Naba' -- An-Nas (Juz 'Amma), Yasiin, Al-Baqarah, Ali-Imron and pieces of verses from the Qur’an . Second, the transmission of science that occurs consists of three stages: 1) Eyang's awareness of his cultural group which perpetuates the macapat tradition alongside the existence of pesantren as centers of Islamic religious education. 2) Interest in the form of Eyang's idea to compose tembang macapat containing meaning from the Qur’an . 3) Adoption takes the form of Eyang's actions as a transmitter in implementing ideas in his work. The meaning of the Qur'an by Eyang Achmad Djuwahir was then transmitted to the general public in the form of books, audio-visual documentation in digital media and through the Macapat community which studied Sekar Sari Kidung Rahayu.
Keywords : tembang macapat, reception of the Qur’an, transmission of science.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan Sekar Sari Kidung Rahayu dan mengetahui proses transmisi pengetahuan yang terjadi pada karya tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah pertama, Sekar Sari Kidung Rahayu karya Eyang Achmad Djuwahir Anomwidjaja merupakan tembang macapat yang disusun sebagai bentuk respon, apresiasi sekaligus resepsi atas hadirnya Al-Qur’an pada kelompok budayanya. Karya tersebut berisi kandungan Al-Qur’an, ajakan dan nasihat dalam mempelajari Al-Qur’an. Karya yang sudah diselesaikan terdiri dari Surat Al-Fatihah, An-Naba’-An-Nas (Juz ”˜Amma), Yasiin, Al-Baqarah, Ali-Imron dan potongan ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an. Kedua, transmisi pengetahuan yang terjadi terdiri atas tiga tahapan: 1) Kesadaran (awareness) Eyang terhadap kelompok budayanya yang melanggengkan tradisi macapat berdampingan dengan keberadaan pesantren sebagai pusat pendidikan agama Islam. 2) Minat atau ketertarikan (interest) berupa gagasan Eyang untuk menyusun tembang macapat yang berisi kandungan ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an. 3) Adopsi (adoption) berupa tindakan Eyang sebagai transmitter dalam mengimplementasikan gagasan pada hasil karyanya. Pemaknaan Al-Qur’an oleh Eyang Achmad Djuwahir selanjutnya ditransmisikan ke khalayak ramai berupa buku, dokumentasi audio-visual dalam media digital serta melalui paguyuban macapat yang mengkaji Sekar Sari Kidung Rahayu.
Kata kunci : tembang macapat, resepsi Al-Qur’an, transmisi pengetahuan
TINJAUAN HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH TENTANG PRAKTIK KEMITRAAN USAHA KULINER (Studi pada Kedai Eyang Uti dan D’Master Fried Chicken Pringsewu)
No full textABSTRAK
Kemitraan merupakan suatu strategi bisnis yang dilakukan dua
pihak atau lebih dalam jangka waktu tertentu untuk meraih keuntungan
bersama dengan prinsip saling membutuhkan dan saling memperbesar usaha
dalam mencapai tunjuan bersama. Begitu populernya kegiatan usaha ini
sehingga cepat sekali berkembang dan meliputi berbagai jenis bidang usaha.
Perusahaan Kedai Eyang Uti yang berada di Pringsewu Barat merupakan
salah satu mitra dari D‟Master Fried Chiken selaku pengusaha besar yang
cukup terkenal.
Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana praktik
kemitraan pada usaha kuliner di Kedai Eyang Uti dan bagaimana tinjauan
hukum Ekonomi Syariah tentang praktik kemitraan pada usaha kuliner di
Kedai Eyang Uti. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan (field
research) dan penelitiannya bersifat kualitatif, sumber datanya berasal dari
hasil penelitian lapangan. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan
dengan cara dokumentasi dan interview.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di lapangan yang dilakukan oleh
penulis untuk menanyakan orang terkait dalam melakukan praktik kemitraan
pada usaha kuliner, dengan mereka menjalankan praktik kemitraan itu.
Berdasarkan dari penelitian praktik kemitraan yang dilakukan oleh D‟Master
Fried Chicken dan Kedai Eyang Uti menggunakan sistem kemitraan.
Aktivitas kemitraan dalam bentuknya yang banyak ditemui saat ini
merupakan fenomena bisnis yang baru. Sistem ini sudah dipakai di Indonesia
walaupun belum ada badan yang menampung atau mengikuti perkembangan
bidang ini. Juga kemitraan dan sistem kemitran masih sangat terbatas yang
paham. Praktik kemitraan pada usaha kuliner yang dilakukan oleh D‟Master
Fried Chicken dengan Kedai Eyang Uti ini masuk kategori Syirkah Inan.
Dalam bisnis kemitraan Kedai Eyang Uti penulis menemukan kejanggalan
diantaranya dalam menjalin hubungan kemitraan terdapat pemutusan
kemitraan secara sepihak oleh pihak pengusaha besar dengan alasan yang
tidak jelas yaitu dengan tidak memberikan bahan baku kepada pihak
pengusaha kecil dalam hal ini yaitu Kedai Eyang Uti. Ketergantungan bahan
baku dari pengusaha besar menyebabkan kerugian bagi pengusaha kecil.
Idealnya dalam kesepakatan awal seharusnya dicantumkan terkait pemutusan
kemitraan oleh pengusaha besar tersebut karena sudah menjadi kesepakatan
bahwa pengusaha kecil diwajibkan membeli bahan di pengusaha besar.
Menurut hukum Ekonomi Syariah pelaksanaan praktik kemitraan pada usaha
kuliner yang dilakukan oleh D‟Master Fried Chicken yaitu belum sesuai
dengan rukun dan syarat kemitraan dalam Hukum Ekonomi Syariah karena
ada pihak yang dirugikan dalam kemitraan tersebut. Sehingga hukum praktik
kemitraan pada usaha kuliner adalah tidak sah atau tidak diperbolehkan.
Kata Kunci: Kemitraan, Usaha Kuliner, Bisnis. ABSTRACT
Partnership is a business strategy carried out by two or more parties
within a certain period of time to achieve mutual benefit with the principle of
mutual need and mutual enlargement of business in achieving common goals.
This business activity is so popular that it has grown rapidly and includes
various types of business fields. The Eyang Uti Shop Company located in
West Pringsewu is one of the partners of D'Master Fried Chiken as a fairly
well-known big businessman.
The formulation of the problem in this study is how is the practice of
partnership in the culinary business at Eyang Uti Shop and how is the review
of Sharia Economic law regarding the practice of partnership in the culinary
business at Eyang Uti Shop. This research is a field research and the
research is qualitative, the data source comes from the results of field
research. The data collection technique is carried out by means of
documentation and interviews.
Based on the results of field research conducted by the author to ask
people involved in carrying out partnership practices in culinary businesses,
with them carrying out the partnership practices. Based on the research, the
partnership practices carried out by D'Master Fried Chicken and Kedai
Eyang Uti use a partnership system. Partnership activities in their form that
are widely found today are a new business phenomenon. This system has
been used in Indonesia although there is no agency that accommodates or
follows the development of this field. Also, partnerships and partnership
systems are still very limited in understanding. Partnership practices in
culinary businesses carried out by D'Master Fried Chicken with Kedai Eyang
Uti are categorized as Syirkah Inan. In the partnership business of Kedai
Eyang Uti, the author found irregularities including in establishing
partnership relationships, there was a unilateral termination of the
partnership by the big businessman for unclear reasons, namely by not
providing raw materials to the small businessman in this case, Kedai Eyang
Uti. Dependence on raw materials from large entrepreneurs causes losses for
small entrepreneurs. Ideally, the initial agreement should include the
termination of the partnership by the large entrepreneur because it has been
agreed that small entrepreneurs are required to buy materials from large
entrepreneurs. According to Sharia Economic Law, the implementation of
partnership practices in the culinary business carried out by D'Master Fried
Chicken is not in accordance with the pillars and conditions of partnership in
Sharia Economic Law because there are parties who are harmed in the
partnership. So the law on partnership practices in the culinary business is
invalid or not permitted.
Keywords: Partnership, Culinary Business, Business
Rancangan Konten Desa Wisata Kampoeng Dolanan Eyang R. Tjokrowihardjo pada Media Google Sites untuk Walitelon Utara Temanggung
No full textDesign of tourism village content of Kampoeng Dolanan Eyang R. Tjokrowihardjo on google sites media for the north walitelon of Temanggung.
The use of Google Sites can increase Pokdarwis competence and general public visits as digital literacy readers. Specific targets to be achieved are orderly administration for Pokdarwis workshops and at the same time as promotional media with google sites for the general public. The method used is a qualitative descriptive (phenomenon) because the Covid 19 pandemic phenomenon is still a scourge for tourism, especially tourist villages. This study uses data triangulation for data collection from the master trainer from the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy of the Republic of Indonesia during a visitation assessment of assistants from universities in the tourist village of Walitelon Utara, Temanggung in November 2020, observation of tourism village content on google sites, as well as surveys of potential users. This page and with data analysis techniques, namely editing in addition to the media, the content is also in line with the assistance of the Higher Education. The author gives the name "Desa Wisata Walitelon Utara" sites.google.com</jats:p
Nuclear-encoded Factors Associated with the Chloroplast Transcription Machinery of Higher Plants
No full textPlastid transcription is crucial for plant growth and development. There exist two types of RNA polymerases in plastids: a nuclear-encoded RNA polymerase (NEP) and plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP). PEP is the major RNA polymerase activity in chloroplast. Its core subunits are encoded by the plastid genome, and these are embedded into a larger complex of nuclear-encoded subunits. Biochemical and genetics analysis identified at least twelve proteins are tightly associated with the core subunit, while about thirty-four further proteins are associated more loosely generating larger complexes such as the transcriptionally active chromosome or a part of the nucleoid. Domain analyses and functional investigations suggested that these nuclear-encoded factors may form several functional modules that mediate regulation of plastid gene expression by light, redox, phosphorylation, and heat stress. Genetic analyses also identified that some nuclear-encoded proteins in the chloroplast that are important for plastid gene expression, although a physical association with the transcriptional machinery is not observed. This covers several PPR proteins including CLB19, PDM1/SEL1, OTP70 and YS1 which are involved in the processing of transcripts for PEP core subunit as well as AtECB2, Prin2, SVR4-Like and NARA5 that are also important for plastid gene expression, although their functions are unclear
Interleukin-4 ameliorates the functional recovery of intracerebral hemorrhage through the alternative activation of microglia/macrophage
No full textNeuro-inflammation plays an important role in the recovery of brain injury after stroke. Microglia/macrophage is the major executor in the neuro-inflammation, which can be polarized into two distinct phenotypes: injurious/toxic classical activation (M1 phenotype) and protective alternative activation (M2 phenotype). Here, we investigated whether intracerebral administration of interleukin-4 (IL-4) at an early stage could affect the activation of microglia/macrophage and the corresponding outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The neuro-behavior was recorded between different groups in the rat ICH model. The M1 and M2 markers were then determined by qRT-PCR, western blotting, ELISA and immunofluorescence, respectively. We observed aberrant activation of microglia/macrophage after ICH. After intracerebral injection of IL-4, M1 activation was greatly inhibited while M2 activation was enhanced, along with improving neurobehavioral recovery from deficits after ICH. Our study showed that early intracerebral injection of IL-4 potentially promotes neuro-functional recovery, probably through enhancing the alternative activation of microglia/macrophage
Blood disorders typically associated with renal transplantation
No full textRenal transplantation has become one of the most common surgical procedures performed to replace a diseased kidney with a healthy kidney from a donor. It can help patients with kidney failure live decades longer. However, renal transplantation also faces a risk of developing various blood disorders. The blood disorders typically associated with renal transplantation can be divided into two main categories: 1) Common disorders including post-transplant anemia (PTA), post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD), post-transplant erythrocytosis (PTE) and post-transplant cytopenias (PTC, leukopenia/neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and pancytopenia); and 2) Uncommon but serious disorders including hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS), thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), therapy-related myelodysplasia (t-MDS), and therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML). Although many etiological factors involve the development of post-transplant blood disorders, immunosuppressive agents and viral infections could be the two major contributors to most blood disorders and cause hematological abnormalities and immunodeficiency by suppressing hematopoietic function of bone marrow. Hematological abnormalities and immunodeficiency will result in severe clinical outcomes in renal transplant recipients. Understanding how blood disorders develop will help cure these life-threatening complications. A potential therapeutic strategy against post-transplant blood disorders should focus on tapering immunosuppression or replacing myelotoxic immunosuppressive drugs with lower toxic alternatives, recognizing and treating promptly the etiological virus, bacteria or protozoan, restoring both hematopoietic function of bone marrow and normal blood counts, and improving kidney graft survival
Sphingosine 1-phosphate-induced ICAM-1 expression via NADPH oxidase/ROS-dependent NF-kappaB cascade on human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells
No full textThe intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression is frequently correlated with the lung inflammation. A bioactive sphingolipid metabolite, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), was involved in inflammation through the adhesion molecules induction, and then caused lung injury. However, the transduction mechanisms of the S1P stimulation to induce ICAM-1 expression in human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (HPAEpiCs) remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that exposure of HPAEpiCs to S1P significantly induces ICAM-1 expression leading to increase monocyte adhesion on the surface of HPAEpiCs. These phenomena were effectively attenuated by pretreatments with series of inhibitors such as Rottlerin (PKCdelta), PF431396 (PYK2), diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI), apocynin (NADPH oxidase), Edaravone (ROS), and Bay11-7082 (NF-kappaB). Consistently, knockdown with siRNA transfection of PKCdelta, PYK2, p47phox, and p65 exhibited the same results. Pretreatment with both Gq-coupled receptor antagonist (GPA2A) and Gi/o-coupled receptor antagonist (GPA2) also blocked S1P-induced ICAM-1 protein and mRNA expression. We observed that S1P induced PYK2 activation via a Gq-coupled receptor/PKCdelta-dependent pathway. In addition, S1P induced NADPH oxidase activation and intracellular ROS generation, which were also reduced by Rottlerin or PF431396. We demonstrated that S1P induced NF-kappaB p65 phosphorylation and translocation from the cytosol to the nucleus in HPAEpiCs, which was inhibited by Rottlerin, PF431396, APO, DPI, or Edaravone. In the in vitro study, we established that S1P induced monocyte adhesion via an ICAM-1-dependent pathway. In the in vivo study, we found that S1P induced ICAM-1 protein and mRNA levels in the lung fractions, pulmonary hematoma, and leukocyte (mainly eosinophils and neutrophils) count in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in mice via a PKCdelta/PYK2/NADPH oxidase/ROS/NF-kappaB signaling pathway. We concluded that S1P may induce lung inflammation via ICAM-1 induction associated with leukocyte recruitment
Engineered bacteriophage lysins as novel anti-infectives
No full textBacteriophage lysins, the highly evolved special peptidoglycan hydrolases, have long been demonstrated to be an effective enzybiotics in various infectious models. The modular structure of lysins makes it possible to design bioengineered lysins that have desired properties, such as higher activity, broader killing spectrum. Moreover, lysins can even be engineered to kill gram-negative bacterial pathogens from without, a property that is unavailable for natural lysins. In this era of ever increased multidrug resistant pathogens, engineered lysins represent a new class of enzybiotics that are powerful and readily available to fight the antimicrobial resistance
What’s in the Chinese Babyface? Cultural differences in understanding the babyface
No full textWe investigated the cultural differences in understanding and reacting to the babyface in an effort to identify both cultural and gender biases in the universal hypothesis that the babyfaced individuals are perceived as naïve, cute, innocent and more trustworthy. Sixty-six Chinese and sixty-six American participants were required to evaluate Chinese faces selected from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) - Pose, Expression, Accessories, and Lighting (PEAL) Large-Scale Chinese Face Database. In our study, we applied Active Shape Models, a modern technique of machine learning to measure facial features. We found some cultural similarities and also found that a Chinese babyface has bigger eyes, higher eyebrows, a smaller chin and greater WHR (Facial width-to-height ratio), and looks more attractive and warmer. New findings demonstrate that Chinese babyfaces have a lower forehead and closer pupil distance. We found that when evaluating the babyfacedness of a face, Chinese are more concerned with the combination of all facial features and American are more sensitive to specific highlighted babyfaced features. The Chinese babyface tended to be perceived as more babyfaced for American participants, but not less competent for Chinese participants
Lactobacillus protects the integrity of intestinal epithelial barrier damaged by pathogenic bacteria
No full textPathogens invade intestinal mucosal barrier through phagocytosis of antigen presenting cells (dendritic cell, microfold cells), or through the invasion into the intestinal epithelial directly. Some pathogens could damage the cell junction between epithelial cells and use the paracellular pathway as an entrance to invade. Moreover, some Lactobacillus could inhibit the adhesion of the pathogens and protect the integrity of the cell junction and mucosal barrier. This research focused on the potential therapeutic effect of Lactobacillus fructosus (L. fructosus) C2 to attenuate ETEC K88 or S. typhimurium SL1344 induced changes to mucosal barrier. The results demonstrated that treatment of polarized Caco-2 cells with L. fructosus C2 reduced the permeation of dextran, and expression of IL-8, p-ERK and p-JNK when cells were infected with pathogenic bacteria. The findings indicated that L. fructosus C2 exerted a protective effect against the damage to the integrity of Caco-2 cells by ETEC or S. typhimurium infection
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