1,720,975 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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A New Population-based MCMC Method
Get PDFSpectral analysis in high-energy astrophysics typically requires sampling from difficult posterior distributions, e.g., multimodal distributions, in a highly structured model with complex data collection mechanisms. Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods have been widely explored in such tasks. However, traditional MCMC methods suffer from slow convergence incurred by the local trap problem. In this thesis, we propose a general population-based MCMC strategy, which is able to speed up convergence significantly. Specifically, we initialize multiple chains from dispersed starting values and perform a two-step jump with our proposed between-chain jump. The novel between-chain jumping proposal tries to move to the neighborhood of the iterate in another chain, which encourages full exploration of the parameter space. As for the numerical illustration, we apply the proposed method to fit thermal models to Capella data. The results indicate that our method is effective in two aspects. First, it can be applied in Bayesian model selection to decide which mixture model is more appropriate; secondly, it can be served as an exploratory step to identify modes. The strength shown from the second aspect can help determine the importance of those temperature components and decide upon the relative proportion among those modes. In addition, we show that our method is also useful in other applications including Bayes factor computation for Bayesian model selection, variance component estimation in mixed effect models, and sensor network localization
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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Bayesian and Non-parametric Approaches to Missing Data Analysis
Get PDFMissing data occur frequently in surveys, clinical trials as well as other real data studies. In the analysis of incomplete data, one needs to correctly identify the missing mechanism and then adopt appropriate statistical procedures. Recently, the analysis of missing data has gained more and more attention. People start to investigate the missing data analysis in several different areas. This dissertation concerns two projects. First, we propose a Bayesian solution to data analysis with non-ignorable missingness. The other one is the non-parametric test of missing mechanism for incomplete multivariate data.First, Bayesian methods are proposed to detect non-ignorable missing and eliminate potential bias in estimators when non-ignorable missing presents. Two hierarchical linear models, pattern mixture model and selection model, are applied to a real data example: the National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) education survey data. The results show that the Bayesian methods can correctly recognize the missingness mechanism and provide model-based estimators which can eliminate the possible bias due to non-ignorable missing. We also evaluate the goodness-of-fit of these two proposed models using two methods: the comparison of the real data with the predictive posterior distribution and the residual analysis by cross validation. A simulation study compares the performance of the two proposed Bayesian methods with the traditional design-based methods under different missing mechanisms and show the good properties of the Bayesian methods. Further, we discuss the three commonly used model selection criteria: the Bayes factor, the deviance information criterion and the minimum posterior predictive loss approach. Due to the complicated calculation of the Bayes factor and the uncertainty of the DIC, we conduct the last approach, which fails to correctly detect the real model structure for the hierarchical linear model.Second, as an alternative to the fully specified model-based Bayesian method, a novel non-parametric test is proposed to detect the missing mechanism for multivariate missing data. The proposed test does not need any distributional assumptions and is proven to be consistent. A simulation study demonstrates that it has well controlled type I error and satisfactory power against a variety of alternative hypotheses
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A Time-Varying Low-Dimensional Representation for Spatio-Temporal Data
Get PDFWe were motivated by the two major limitations of the current research approaches on the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) based on empirical orthogonal functions (EOF) analysis: (i) long-term stationary assumptions; (ii) lack of measures of uncertainty, and proposed and developed a time-varying low-dimensional representation for spatio-temporal data in this thesis. The low-dimensional representation is based on a structured spatial covariance matrix using a certain number of structured basis functions with certain parametric forms. Initially, we developed the Parametric Basis Function (PBF) spatial covariance model in a stationary scenario and provided the statistical inference in both maximum likelihood and Bayesian analysis frameworks. We further extended the model by introducing time-varying parameters to develop the time-varying parametric basis function (TV-PBF) model in the state space model framework. The Bayesian approach with MCMC techniques was used to make inference for the TV-PBF model. The model is able to provide smoothly changing patterns of the 1st EOFs NAO over time which can serve as an alternative representation for the spatio-temporal NAO data
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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