1,720,967 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Innovative therapeutic alternatives to overcome the emergence of resistance to antifungals
No full textLes infections fongiques invasives constituent un sérieux problème de santé publique dans le monde ; cette situation se complique par la disponibilité d’un faible nombre d’antifongiques utilisés en pratique clinique. De ce fait,1280 molécules médicamenteuses, constituant la chimiothèque Prestwick, ont été testées sur des souches de champignons multirésistants d’intérêt clinique, isolées à l’Hôpital la Timone de Marseille. Le criblage primitif à une concentration de 10 µM avait permis l’identification de plusieurs molécules capables d’inhiber la croissance fongique.Par la suite, on s’est focalisé sur deux molécules médicamenteuses : la colistine et la ribavirine. Les concentrations minimales inhibitrices de ces dernières ont été déterminées, de même que leur activité fongicide ou fongistatique sur une large collection de souches. Des combinaisons synergiques avec les antifongiques habituels ont été mises au point notamment celles de la ribavirine en association avec l’amphotéricine B, l’itraconazole et le voriconazole qui sont actives sur les souches de Candida albicans multirésistantes. Le but de notre troisième travail a été de comprendre le mécanisme d’action de la ribavirine, un antiviral, sur les Candida albicans et d’identifier sa potentielle cible. Pour se faire, les analogues des cibles de la ribavirine chez le virus de l’hépatite C, retrouvés chez les Candida albicans notamment les enzymes inosine-5’-monophosphate déshydrogénase (IMPDH) et l’ARN polymérase ont été étudiés. Des systèmes PCR et séquençage ont été développés pour détecter et analyser les gènes IMH3 et RPO21 qui codent pour les enzymes IMPDH et ARN polymérase respectivement chez les CandidaThe increasing incidence of invasive infections caused by pathogenic fungi is a major worldwide concern; a serious situation to which the limited number of available effective antifungals to face it, is another problem. Hence, there is a constant need for other compounds that possess antifungal properties. So by applying drug-repurposing approach, Prestwick Chemical Library containing 1,280 compounds previously approved by the FDA was tested against multidrug-resistant fungi recovered from La Timone Hospital in Marseille. Primary FDA approved drugs screening at fixed concentration of 10 µM, allowed us to identify several fungal growth inhibitors.Among these non-standard antifungals, we focused our study on both colistin and ribavirin drugs. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of these compounds were determined against a large collection of strains, and time-kill curves were performed to establish their fungicidal or fungistatic activity. Moreover, synergistic combinations with the current antifungal agents were examined; notably, association of ribavirin with either amphotericin B, itraconazole or voriconazole active against multidrug-resistant Candida albicans. The aim of the third part of our work was to identify the mechanism of action of ribavirin, an antiviral compound, on Candida albicans and its potential target. So, we focused our work on the analogue of ribavirin target in hepatitis C virus, present in Candida albicans namely inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) and RNA polymerase enzymes. We designed PCRs and sequencing systems to detect and analyse IMH3 and RPO21 genes that encode IMPDH and RNA polymerase enzymes respectivel
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
