148 research outputs found
Introduction
No full textThis book explores the dual nature of entrepreneurship, revealing how it can either drive economic advancement or perpetuate harm, largely influenced by institutional contexts. Leveraging Baumol’s (1990) framework that differentiates between productive, unproductive, and destructive entrepreneurship, we focus our analysis on emerging markets that struggle with institutional voids—characterized by weak regulations, pervasive corruption, and substantial informal sectors—that encourage rent-seeking behaviors. In contrast to advanced economies, where insti-tutional mechanisms can mitigate short-term harms, weaker institutions in emerging markets exacerbate the prevalence of destructive entrepreneurship. This perpetuates a cycle of unproductive resource allocation, heightening inequality, market distortions, and systemic inefficiencies. Employing qualitative and econometric methodologies, the chapters unpack various drivers of harmful entrepreneurship, including survival-driven informality, gaps in education, hierarchical networks, and governance failures. By addressing a critical gap in the existing literature, this volume highlights how institutional deficiencies shape entrepreneurial outcomes in emerging economies, revealing diverse factors and their implications across different contexts. Further-more, by illuminating the complex interplay between institutional environments and entrepreneurial behavior, the book offers actionable insights for policymakers and scholars. These insights can help realign incentives towards productive ventures, ultimately fostering equitable and sustainable development in resource-constrained settings.</p
Entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial propensity of low-carbon technologies in advanced materials and automotive in Central and Eastern Europe
No full textBuilding upon the statistically tested and validated conceptual model to examine the propensity of knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship in the innovation systems of EU27 countries (Radosevic and Yoruk, 2013) the methodology paper for this empirical paper was presented in GRINCOH Paper No 3.9 (T6). Based on these, this research explores the role of technology, market and institutions on entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial propensity in low-carbon production activities in the Central and Eastern European (CEE) manufacturing industries. A multiple case study approach is pursued involving entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial ventures operating in advanced materials and electric auto/auto parts technology fields from three CEE countries, namely Poland, Hungary and Czech Republic. The data are collected via an extensive survey questionnaire. An analysis of firms, based on a comparison of type of low-carbon activities in conventional advanced materials technologies (control group), science-based advanced materials technologies and niche technologies in electric auto/auto parts, reveal that CEE region has serious potential for both entrepreneurial ventures and intrapreneurial activities in science-based and niche low-carbon technologies, if elements of institutional framework are enhanced to support these firms to exploit available technological and market opportunities in the innovation system
Annihilators of principal ideals in the exterior algebra
No full textKoç, Cemal (Dogus Author) -- Esin, Songül (Dogus Author)In this paper we describe annihilators of principal ideals of exterior algebras. For odd elements we establish formulae for dimensions of their principal ideals and their annihilators. For even elements we exhibit (multiplicative) generators for annihilator ideals
The influence of technological capabilities on the knowledge network component of innovation systems: evidence from advanced materials in Turkey
No full textThis paper is concerned with the dynamics of innovation systems (IS) in emerging economies. It investigates how one core element of an IS – its network of firm-centred knowledge links – changes over time and how that change is influenced by change in the deepening technological capabilities of firms. It contributes to the existing literature by: The findings herein call for policies that emphasise the development of engineering and design capabilities in association with R&D support to build up and structure effective and sustainable sectoral IS in emerging economies
Determinants of innovation in emerging market SMEs: Thirty-five years' evidence from advanced materials in Turkey
Full text linkThis research investigates the dynamics of firm innovativeness in emerging markets. It explores how firms acquire knowledge externally, in what ways existing knowledge base and intensity of effort components of absorptive capacity contribute to the innovativeness of the firms. It also examines the complementarities arising from the favorable interaction of them in order to innovate. It addresses this question by examining change over a relatively long period of time - from 1967 onwards and comparing the trends in two different segments - `science-based' and `traditional' segments of the materials industry in Turkey. Multiple correspondence analyses and multinomial logistic regressions applied on a panel database with 408 observations suggest that while product/process improvement in science-based technology firms were achieved through knowledge acquisition via collaborative agreements during the period 1982-1996, their innovativeness shifted towards product/process development through firm-internal activities in the last period 1997-2001 and this shift was complemented by their aggressive approach to R&D and design, based on their dynamic managerial characteristics. Mature segment of the industry, on the other hand, followed a different route of first, during 1982-1996, conducting firm internal activities where they attempted reverse-engineering on the basis of arm's length technology purchases and then during 1997-2001 establishing collaborative agreements when their existing knowledge base has become insufficient. This shift was also accompanied by a lack of intensity of effort in areas other than design activities. Our findings suggest that while both existing knowledge base and intensity of effort in the firm are necessary conditions for innovativeness to complement the mode of technology acquisition, their mediating effect may cause differences according to the technological level of segments of a high tech industry
The Role of Innovation and Competitive Pressure: A Case Study of Czech and Slovak Firms
Full text linkTato práce zkoumá prostřednictvím empirické analýzy roli hospodářské soutěže a inovací pro výkonnost podniku, a to zejména během finančních krizí. Práce nejprve hodnotí literaturu vztahující se k hospodářské soutěži, inovacím a finanční krizi. Dále přináší kontext historického dědictví, který sdílejí transformující se ekonomiky ve střední Evropě a jak toto dědictví vedlo k nedostatečně konkurečnímu (aby byly schopné pracovat co nejefektivněji) a inovačnímu prostředí pro firmy (vývoj nových produktů). Práce charakterizuje podobnosti a rozdíly mezi ekonomikami v České republice a na Slovensku (které mají společnou historii více než sedmdesáti let v Československu) v období tranzice a finanční krize 2009 s přihlédnutím k faktorům, které mají vliv na utváření konkurenceschopného a inovativního prostředí v každé zemi. Použitím průřezové regresní analýzy a porovnávání výsledků českých a slovenských firem tato práce potvrzuje pozitivní vliv inovací a hospodářské soutěže. Regrese používá dvě proměnné pro jednotlivé typy hospodářské soutěže - jednu označující zahraniční a druhou pro domácí tlak na firmy. V obou typech firem působí jako pozitivní vliv zahraničního konkurenčního tlaku na rozvoj nových produktů v rámci zvýšení celkové výkonnosti podniku (kterou v této analyze představuje prodejní potenciál...This thesis examines the role of competition and innovation for firm performance, particularly during financial crises, through empirical analysis. The thesis first reviews the literature related to competition, innovation and financial crises. It next provides context of the economic legacies the transition economies in Central Europe have shared and how these legacies meant a lack of an environment for competitive firms (to operate most efficiently) and innovation (defined as new product development). Similarities and differences between the economies of the Czech Republic and Slovakia (which have a shared history over seventy years as Czechoslovakia) during the transition period and leading up to the 2009 financial crisis are reviewed, with attention to factors affecting the competitive and innovative environment in each country. Using cross-sectional regression analysis and comparing results for Czech and Slovak firms, this thesis confirms the positive influence of innovation and competition. Two variables for competition types are used in the regression - one for foreign pressure and one for domestic pressure. Both sets of firms indicate a positive influence of foreign competitive pressure to develop new products on firm performance (which is represented by firm sales in this analysis),...Katedra ruských a východoevropských studiíDepartment of Russian and East European StudiesFaculty of Social SciencesFakulta sociálních vě
The Role of Innovation and Competitive Pressure: A Case Study of Czech and Slovak Firms
No full textThis thesis examines the role of competition and innovation for firm performance, particularly during financial crises, through empirical analysis. The thesis first reviews the literature related to competition, innovation and financial crises. It next provides context of the economic legacies the transition economies in Central Europe have shared and how these legacies meant a lack of an environment for competitive firms (to operate most efficiently) and innovation (defined as new product development). Similarities and differences between the economies of the Czech Republic and Slovakia (which have a shared history over seventy years as Czechoslovakia) during the transition period and leading up to the 2009 financial crisis are reviewed, with attention to factors affecting the competitive and innovative environment in each country. Using cross-sectional regression analysis and comparing results for Czech and Slovak firms, this thesis confirms the positive influence of innovation and competition. Two variables for competition types are used in the regression - one for foreign pressure and one for domestic pressure. Both sets of firms indicate a positive influence of foreign competitive pressure to develop new products on firm performance (which is represented by firm sales in this analysis),..
Comparative law at a crossroads
Full text linkA book which seeks to bring a fresh
approach to many of the issues in comparative law was launched in
December 2007 at the IALS. The author, a co-editor of Comparative
Law: A Handbook, explains what the new volume is seeking to
achieve. Article by Esin Örücü (Honorary Senior Research Fellow
and Professor Emeritus of Comparative Law, University of Glasgow
and Professor Emeritus of Comparative Law, Erasmus Universiteit
Rotterdam) published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society
for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the
Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced
Legal Studies, University of London
Comparative law at a crossroads
No full textA book which seeks to bring a fresh approach to many of the issues in comparative law was launched in December 2007 at the IALS. The author, a co-editor of Comparative Law: A Handbook, explains what the new volume is seeking to achieve. Article by Esin Örücü (Honorary Senior Research Fellow and Professor Emeritus of Comparative Law, University of Glasgow and Professor Emeritus of Comparative Law, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam) published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London
Entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial growth in Central and Eastern European ventures driven by the fit between micro and macro level opportunity exploitation
Full text linkBased on theories from entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship literatures, this paper investigates how the fit between micro level entrepreneurial opportunity exploitation and macro level entrepreneurial influence sales and employment growth in the Central and Eastern European (CEE) firms. A multiple case study analysis contrasts young entrepreneurial and established intrapreneurial firms to the established conservative firms. Our findings for entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial ventures are in stark contrast to those of conservative firms. Not only entrepreneurial but also intrapreneurial firms are better at exploiting micro-level opportunities in the technology and market domains empowered by their intra-organisational competences. Moreover, they may purposefully select what macro-level opportunity to exploit, a process which contributes to their higher sales and employment growth. In other words, they are able to create the fit between micro and macro environments to generate high growth in stark contrast to conservative firms
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