572 research outputs found
Effects of Participatory and Physical Life Goals in a Preventive Care Program for Frail Community-Dwelling Older People: A Retrospective Cohort Study
No full textAbstract
Date Presented 3/31/2017
Life goals related to activities and participation had a more positive effect on frail older people’s health and quality of life than did life goals related to physical function and structure. The setting of meaningful goals may help to improve the effectiveness of preventive care programs.
Primary Author and Speaker: Yoshimi Yuri
Additional Authors and Speakers: Shinichi Takabatake, Yoko Tsuji, Yuri Fujii, Toshikatsu Kaneda, Yasuhiro Higashi, Hiroko Hashimoto, Kazuyo Nakaoka, Mari Oka</jats:p
How ICTs Raise Manufacturing Performance: Firm-level Evidence in Southeast Asia.
No full textThis paper examines the effects of information and communication technologies (ICTs) on business performance, using firm-level data obtained through a questionnaire survey in four ASEAN countries (Indonesia, The Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam). Sources of information and new technologies exchanged via ICTs by firms are also explored to investigate the mechanism behind ICT adoption. Empirical results verify that the introduction of ICT to reorganize business processes is significantly correlated with business performance, in particular the development of export markets and improvement of production management. ICTs facilitate access to information and technologies accumulated in in-house departments and joint-venture (JV) affiliates of the respondent firms. There are considerable differences between multinational companies (MNCs)/JVs and local firms. MNCs/JVs make use of information and technologies obtainable via ICTs from their own R&D departments, JVs established with local partners and foreign-owned suppliers/customers to improve factory management, mostly for product quality improvement and production cost reduction. In contrast, local firms interconnect their own R&D departments via ICTs to enhance their business performance in broader areas than MNCs/JVs, including the development of export markets.
Characteristics of overlap region in high-Reynolds number turbulent channel flow
No full textDirect numerical simulation of the fully developed turbulent channel flows have been carried out at the Reynolds number based on the friction velocity and the channel half width, 2000, 4000 and 8000. A hybrid 10th order accurate finite difference scheme in the stream and spanwise directions, and a second-order scheme in the wall-normal direction is adapted as the spatial discretization method. We observed the plateau profiles in the indicator function corresponded to the von Karman constant. Furthermore, second peak of streamwise pre-multiplied spectra were appeared in the same wall normal height, 300 < y+ < 600, in case of Re = 4000. Nevertheless, the effects of the lager than the channel half height scale on the streamwise turbulent intensity are fixed contributions without dependence on Reynolds number. These results suggested that the new streamwise vortexes are formed between buffer layer and outer layer with increasing of Reynolds number
Mechanistic Investigations into the Palladium-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Allylic Alkylation of Ketone Enolates Using the PHOX Ligand Architecture
No full textPalladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation has become a large and important field for chemical synthesis. Many methodologies in this field offer mild conditions under which challenging and important molecular features can be reliably synthesized, including chiral all-carbon quaternary stereocenters. As a result, palladium- catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation has found significant use in total synthesis, and growing use in industry. While the general process of palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation has been studied for decades, there have been a number of recent modifications and developments, such as asymmetric versions of decarboxylative allylic alkylation procedures that are not yet well understood. The development of future implementations and improvements to palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation and related methodologies is expected to be facilitated by a better understanding of these more recent developments, and thus further mechanistic investigation is warranted.
Reported herein is a set of investigations into the palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative asymmetric allylic alkylation of ketone enolates using the PHOX ligand architecture. By monitoring the reaction via 31P NMR, a series of previously unidentified key intermediates is discovered. Two representatives of these key intermediates are isolated and characterized. The solution behavior of these species under reaction-like conditions is studied along with a few novel and related complexes. The role of these intermediates and their impact on the behavior of the reaction and product formation is discussed. Previously confounding experimentally observed behavior for this methodology is rationalized via the properties elucidated for these discovered intermediates.</p
Skin friction factor and mean velocity profile measured in high-reynolds-number turbulent pipe flow
No full textA friction factor in a fully developed pipe flow is measured very accurately over wide range Reynolds number from 103 to 107 at the high Reynolds number facility in AIST,NMIJ. Also a velocity profile is measured by using a LDV up to 106. From the comparison between a velocity profile and the friction factor, we found that a log-law profile is well observed and Kármán constant is estimated to be 0.385. Based on the measurements, we present a new functional form of the friction factor which is consistent with mean velocity profile
Obstruction of vas deferens following herniorrhaphy successfully treated by vasovasostomy after obstructive interval of 31 years: a case report
No full textWe report on a case of iatrogenic obstruction of the vas deferens following herniorrhaphy, successfully treated by vasovasostomy after an obstructive interval of 31 years, with his wife achieving pregnancy
Abstract A33: ASTX660, a dual XIAP and cIAP antagonist, potentiates the anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy in mouse tumor models
No full textAbstract
Antagonists of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (cIAPs) have been shown to activate the alternative NF-κB pathway and to cause release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNFα. In addition to a direct effect on tumor cell apoptosis, this cytokine generation may be detected by the immune system and result in priming of tumor killing by cytotoxic T cells. The release of pro-inflammatory cytokines following treatment with a cIAP antagonist could have several different effects on the innate and adaptive immune system dependent, in part, on where precisely the cytokines are generated or sensed by the immune cells. For example, this pro-inflammatory effect may co-stimulate the maturation of dendritic cells and enhance antigen presentation to naïve T cells. Alternatively, it may boost the effector phase of the adaptive response by enhancing CD8 differentiation or cytotoxic T cell killing of tumor cells. Here we report that ASTX660, an oral IAP antagonist, can potentiate the anti-tumor effect of anti-PD-L1 treatment in a range of syngeneic mouse tumor models. Subcutaneous CT26 and H22 tumors in BALB/c wild type mice were insensitive to intermittent parenteral anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy (250 µg per animal). Daily oral ASTX660 treatment (16 – 25 mg/kg Days 1-7) caused stasis of H22 tumor growth and modest but significant CT26 tumor growth inhibition. The combination of both anti-PD-L1 antibody and ASTX660 resulted in enhanced tumor growth inhibition over ASTX660 alone in both models. Survival of mice bearing CT26 tumors was significantly prolonged by the combination therapy. While other models were sensitive to both agents as single-agents (e.g. EMT6), some were insensitive to single-agents and combination (e.g. 4T1, B6F10). Previously, we have reported ASTX660 elevates plasma inflammatory signals, such as serum amyloid P (analogous to human C-reactive protein), in mice. We have also found it increases TNFα expression in cells in vitro. To understand whether these effects mediate the potentiation of the anti-PD-L1 antibody, we are investigating the consequences of the combination on the immune phenotype within these tumor models, including characterization of the tumor-infiltrating leukocytes and cytokine release. ASTX660 is currently being evaluated in a Phase I clinical trial (NCT02503423). Our investigation into the effects of combining ASTX660 with immune checkpoint inhibitors will not only evaluate the potential of such combination therapies in the clinic but also contribute towards understanding of the mechanism of immune-mediated tumor cell killing in vivo.
Citation Format: Tomoko Smyth, Shingo Tsuji, Gotaro Tanaka, Yoko Nakatsuru, John Lyons, Neil Thompson. ASTX660, a dual XIAP and cIAP antagonist, potentiates the anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy in mouse tumor models. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2016 Oct 20-23; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2017;5(3 Suppl):Abstract nr A33.</jats:p
A case of juvenile vesical endometriosis with unilateral renal agenesis and bicornate uterus
No full textA case of vesical endometriosis with unilateral renal agenesis is reported. A 13-year-old girl complained of difficulty in urination and lower abdominal pain during the menstruation. Detail urological examinations revealed left renal agenesis and intravesical cystic mass. The mass was located in the left vesical lateral wall, obstructing the vesical outlet and containing dark-brown-coloured fluid in it. She finally suffered from urinary retention following the menstruation and underwent a resection of the mass together with a part of the vesical wall. During the operation, the uterus was found to be a bicornate one. The resected mass was diagnosed as an endometriosis based on the histological findings. Eighteen months after the operation she is free from any symptoms during the menstruation and recurrence of endometriosis
Wireless measurement of Float-Sink motion of Variously-shaped objects in Gas-Solid fluidized bed
No full textThe float-sink motions of coarse objects in a gas-solid fluidized bed were investigated experimentally using a newly developed wireless sensor system. The Lagrangian sensor system developed by our previous study, which can measure the vertical position of a freely-moving object in an invisible system, was extended to measure the attitude angle and vertical position of variously-shaped objects simultaneously. The vertical motion of objects which have different shapes with the same mass and volume was measured using the Lagrangian sensor under the density conditions similar to the apparent density of the fluidized bed. The results demonstrate that the float-sink motions of objects in the gas-solid fluidized bed differ significantly depending on the shape of the object, even at the same density, in contrast to those in water. It was found that non-spherical objects tend to float more easily than spherical objects, which supports the numerical results shown in our previous study (Tsuji et al., Chem. Eng. Sci., 2022). Simultaneous measurement of the position and attitude angle highlights the importance of the angular motion of objects in terms of the float-sink motion. The interaction of the object with the media particles in the fluidized bed differs depending on the object shape, which indicates that each shape involves a unique float-sink mechanism
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