20 research outputs found
The Bet of Halala's Luck The Game of Time in Atai Nahay's Novel
No full textThis study entitled (The Game of Time in Atai Nahai's Novel (The Bet of Halala's Luck) in which the genre of time is the center of the study. At the same time, the concept of time, and time as a prominent and influential genre of the novel, and then the relationship between time and the novel, has a great impact on the novel, to the extent that the author can not give up time in writing the novel. The presentation of techniques that lead to playing with parts of time creates a kind of breakdown in time, which creates aesthetics in the novel text that attracts the reader's attention. The study followed the descriptive analytical approach, and the necessary examples are presented for this purpose
Notes on the lily leaf beetles Lilioceris Reitter in Israel (Chrysomelidae: Criocerinae)
No full textLilioceris faldermanni and L. lillii lillii are recorded from Israel and keyed, their distribution is corrected and summarized. The biology of L. faldermanni on Fritillaria persica and Lilium candidum is described
Notes on the lily leaf beetles Lilioceris Reitter in Israel (Chrysomelidae: Criocerinae)
No full textLilioceris faldermanni and L. lillii lillii are recorded from Israel and keyed, their distribution is corrected and summarized. The biology of L. faldermanni on Fritillaria persica and Lilium candidum is described.
To cite: & Friedman, A.-L.-L. 2020. Notes on the lily leaf beetles Lilioceris Reitter in Israel (Chrysomelidae: Criocerinae). Israel Journal of Entomology 50(2): 39–45. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3989114http://zoobank.org/References/630FB071-82C1-4C34-8AA3-841485487BE
The destruction of Buddhas: dissonant heritage, religious or political iconoclasm?
No full textThis article attempts to explore the main impulses that might have led to the destruction of Buddha statues by Taliban in the Bamiyan Valley of Afghanistan. Drawing on existing literature, and anecdotal evidence, this article suggests that the main impulses that have led to destruction are rather linked to the overall political context of that time (i.e., political iconoclasm) rather than to pure Islamic iconoclasm or an explicit condition of disharmony in heritage (i.e., dissonant heritage). First, the Taliban did not consider the statues as "their" cultural heritage. The act of destruction, therefore, cannot be subscribed to the Afghan cultural dynamics but rather to the political-religious ideology imported by Taliban from outside of the country. Secondly, it seemed that Mullah Omar was viewing the statues as a revenue source at the beginning and as a political bargain chip at the end. In both circumstances, religion seems not to have played the main role. Lastly, the destruction seems a political iconoclasm-that is, a political exploitation, if not a direct political act. The Taliban and especially their external allies were very well aware of the consequences of the act of destruction. It seems implausible to suggest that there were no religion and/or culture in play when ordering the destruction of the statues. The latter is the least what this article aims for. However, to conclude that the destruction was solely triggered by theological and cultural factors might also be improbable. The author does not, in any way, attempt to rationalize the act of destruction, let alone justify the barbaric act.</p
Plagiarism and Academic Literacies: The Case of Iranian Graduate Students of Agricultural Sciences
No full textThe problem of plagiarism has been a hot issue of concern to the academic community in recent years. In this study, we probed the factors which overtly or covertly lead to plagiarism growth among graduate students of agricultural sciences in Iran. To this end, we investigated the perceptions of 187 graduate students in the field of agricultural sciences towards: the nature of plagiarism, different forms of plagiarism, and the underlying motives for plagiarism through a questionnaire. Academic literacies model was adopted as a reference point to uncover those injustices in the educational sector deterring the literacy development. The results revealed that most graduate students of agricultural sciences had a rather good understanding to the nature of plagiarism, and considered it as an unacceptable serious problem which should be avoided. Nonetheless, in marked contrast, their perceptions towards different forms of plagiarism unfolded further doubts on their understanding to who should be known as author and who is deserved to be awarded authorship. The results revealed that recursive practice of a long list of violations, seemingly, made the academics blind towards their faulty nature, pushed back the borders of literacy and made them common academic norm. The findings further indicated that plagiarism grows hand in hand with deviation from scientific values and devaluation of science, marketization of science and violations of academic commitments, and politicization of science and alienation from the universal standards. The findings could provide useful implications for revisiting and reforming the educational policies in general and English for Academic Purposes (EAP) programs in particular
Gender and incidence of indirect taxation: Evidence from Uganda
No full textSince the 1990's, Uganda system has undergone various reforms. However, both tax policies and reforms have been formulated without clearly indication the channels through which gender impacts on these policies/reforms. Using the national household survey of 2005/06, this paper provided insight into how tax policies and reforms on indirect taxes impact differently on women and men. The incidence rate of tax gender-based household typologies controlled by expenditure quintile brings out interesting findings. The incidence rate of indirect tax is significantly greater on households headed by male compared to their female counterparts regardless of income level. This also holds after controlling for the presence of children. More importantly, the impact on different households typologies is largely influenced by differences in consumption patterns. future tax reforms should take these gender differences in account as a means of improving the social welfare of every Ugandan.Tax policies, Tax reforms, Household expenditures, Ssewanyana, Economic policy research center, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Consumer/Household Economics, Demand and Price Analysis, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, Labor and Human Capital,
A comparative assessment of enamel mineral content and Streptococcus mutans population between conventional composites and composites containing nano amorphous calcium phosphate in fixed orthodontic patients: A split-mouth randomized clinical trial
No full textObjectives: The aim of this 'split-mouth design' trial was to evaluate the effect of the nano amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) containing composite on enamel mineral contents and streptococcus mutans population in fixed orthodontic patients. Design, setting, participants, and intervention: Randomized, prospective, single-center controlled trial. Twenty-four patients between the ages of 13-18 years participated in this study. The control and test sides were randomly selected by a coin toss (1:1 ratio). On the control side orthodontic brackets were bonded on the buccal surfaces of upper premolars and laterals using an orthodontic composite (Transbond XT), and on the study side NACP-containing composite was used. Outcome measures were the mineral content around the brackets and S.mutans count. The later were calculated in the plaque around the brackets by real-time PCR at 3 months, and 6 months after the initiation of treatment. All stages of the study were blind using coding system. Paired t-test and repeated measurements were used for data analysis. Results: In the third and sixth month, the bacterial population was significantly lower in the study side than the control side (P = 0.01 and 0.000).The mineral content of the study side was significantly higher than the controls, 6 months after brocket bonding (P = 0.004). There were no significant differences between the premolars and lateral teeth for all measurements. Limitations: This research was performed in a single-center by one experienced clinician. Conclusion: NACP-containing composites have the potential to inhibit mineral content loss and S.mutans colonization around orthodontic brackets during fixed orthodontic treatments. Trial registration: This trial was not registered. Protocol: The protocol was not published before trial commencement. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Orthodontic Society. All rights reserved
Birth of Asuka Period Buddhist Sculpture
No full textIt has been traditionally believed that the stylistic source of Asuka Period Buddhist sculpture was in the late Northern Wei Period sculpture like the later caves of Yün-kang and the early caves of Lungmên. This is due to the fact that only a small number of examples remain from the Southern Dynasty and that the stylistic development of Buddhist sculpture from the Northern Dynasty, that is, Northern, Eastern and Western Wei, Northern Ch‘i and Northern Chou, to Sui, corresponds well with that of the Three Kingdoms in Korea and Asuka-Hakuhō Periods in Japan. However, the author considers that this coincidence may be because of the influence from the Southern Dynasty to the Northern Dynasty and that the actual stylistic source of Asuka sculpture was perhaps in the Southern Dynasty. He makes this presumption based on the styles of a few remaining Southern Dynasty works like a Southern Ch‘i Amitābha image of 483, a Liang relief of Śākyamuni and attendants from Wan-fo-ssu site of Szechwan dated 523, a Liang standing Buddha image dated 537, a Liang relief of Avalokiteśvara and attendants dated 548 and a Chi‘ên standing Bodhisattva dated 569 which is owned by Tokyo National University of Art and Music. The drapery form of the Śākyamuni image of the Asukadera and the Śākyamuni image of the Golden Hall of the Hōryūji is widely believed to have its origin in the type of drapery worn by Northern Wei kings. But the above mentioned Amitabha image from Southern Ch‘i has the same kind of drapery consisting of a sōgishi undergarment, a kun train and a covering drape. Thus this type of drapery, too, must have been learned by the Northern Dynasty artists from the Southern Dynasty.
From literary materials it is known that Asuka Period Buddhist sculpture was born under a dominant influence of Paekche Buddhist art. Most of the Paekche Buddhist images known before World
War II were small and so were hard to compare with large Asuka images. But, after World War II, large stone images carved on cliffs of Seosan and Taean were discovered by Korean scholars and the stylistic relationship between Paekche and Asuka Buddhist sculpture became clearer.
On the other hand, a few gilt bronze images which are supposed to have been brought from Korea have been found in Japan, namely, the standing Bodhisattva of Funagatayama Shrine of Miyagi Prefecture, the Bodhisattva with legs halfcrossed of the Kanshōin, Nagano Prefecture, and the standing Bodhisattva of Sekiyama Shrine, Niigata Prefecture.
These Chinese, Korean and Japanese Buddhist images which recently came to our knowledge suggest that the birth of Asuka Period Buddhist sculpture owes much to Paekche art which directly reflected the Chinese Southern Dynasty styles. Literary materials tell us that many of the Buddhist sculptors in the early Asuka Period were immigrants or their descendants from Paekche. However, the Asuka examples are generally stiffer than the Paekche ones. The Śākyamuni of the Hōryūji Golden Hall, the Avalokiteśvara of the Yumedono of the temple and the Tori style Bodhisattva in the treasure house of the temple are not exceptions to this. Perhaps this stiffness resulted when the style of the small images brought from Korea was used as the model and applied to such larger images in Japan. Artists like KURATSUKURI no Tori and YAMAGUCHI no Ōguchi no Atai whose names and works are both known are descendants of Korean immigrants, but perhaps they had no experience of travelling to the peninsula. Therefore, they used images from the peninsula as models and developed the Asuka style which was fairly different from the Paekche style.journal articl
ESP Across Cultures
No full textThis present volume constitutes the third online edition of ESP Across Cultures.
The decision to change from a paper-based to an online edition has undoubtedly
been beneficial in terms of enjoying greater visibility within the international academic
community. One thing that has not changed over the years, however, since
the inception of the journal in 2004, has been the policy of double-blind peer reviewing,
which means that only a selected number of the papers submitted end up as
being published.
There are seven papers in the current issue, each one analysing a particular aspect
of English for Specific Purposes from a cross-cultural perspective.
The first paper, by Hmoud S. Alotaibi, focuses on research article introductions
in Arabic, analysing the extent to which scholars writing in Arabic in the sphere of
education adhere to the CARS (Create A Research Space) model delineated by John
Swales which was elaborated in particular with regard to the academic conventions
widely adopted in the English-speaking world. Instead of restricting the investigation
to the introductory section as past studies in this field did, the author examines
all of the subheadings and he concludes that all introductions include Move 2 in a
subheading entitled the Problem of the Study, a result that contradicts previous
findings where the paucity of Move 2 was common in non-English RAs, and especially
in Arabic ones.
Patrizia Anesa analyses the websites of the main arbitration centres operating in
Asia from a textual perspective to define how they are discursively constructed and
can be used as promotional tools, thereby helping us to evaluate the importance assumed
by internationalization processes or by local cultural elements in promoting a
particular centre as a seat for international arbitration. She concludes that while
some scholars argue that we are witnessing the ‘Asianization’ of arbitration, with
the increasing bargaining power of Asian parties, on the other hand a phenomenon
of ‘Universal Arbitration’ is also emerging, i.e. a form of convergence of how disputes
are resolved so that parties of any nationality can operate in the same way
with ever fewer language barriers.
In their paper, Mahmood Reza Atai and Fatemeh Asadnia examine the communicative
and promotional function of university homepages by looking at the ‘university
overview’, ‘university mission statement’, and ‘university introduction at a
glance’ genres, using a corpus of 210 texts selected from homepages of the top 500
universities ranked by the Academic Ranking of World Universities. The findings
demonstrated that the three genres shared communicative purposes, functional
units, certain moves and steps, socio-academic contexts, and discourse community
members that led to the formation of a genre set.
Gaetano Falco explores ways of using comics in an MA course on translation of
economic texts as a means of stimulating the interest of language students with no
economics skills in order to introduce economics-related lexis and improve thematic
competence in general. He observes that empirical research has shown that films
and comics can indeed be useful resources to teach economic translation to students
with no skills in economics. However, the author warns that the use of comics for
educational purposes may have its drawbacks, e.g. when students deal with complex
sign systems which embody complex economic concepts, where often the humorous
element is lost.
In her paper, Irina Khoutyz describes the differences in how scholars present
their findings in research articles (RA) in international journals in English and in
Beyza Björkman
Christian Burgers
Jan Chovanec
Anda-Elena Cretiu
Erika Dalan
John Douthwaite
Hanem El-Farahaty
Said Faiq
Silvia Ferreri
Inmaculada Fortanet-Gómez
Pedro Fuertes-Olivera
Giuliana Garzone
Christoph Hafner
Ruba Khamam
Anna Loiacono
Geraldine Ludbrook
John McRae
Susan Petrilli
Silvia Pireddu
Tarja Salmi-Tolonen
Jeffrey Segrave
Charlotte Taylor
Margherita Ulrych
John Kenneth White
Jessica Williams
I hope you will enjoy the current issue of this journal and will make the most of
the free access to all past issues.
Christopher Williams
(Chief Editor)
6 FOREWORD
local journals in Russian. She then looks into the reasons for these differences, seeking
explanations from the sociocultural contexts in which these RAs were written,
as well as providing advice to local authors as to how to make their RAs more competitive
at the international level. The differences include the apparent lack of
structure of Russian RAs with respect to English RAs; the tendency in Russian authors
not to specify the purpose in writing a paper; and the tendency of Russian authors
to present the methodology used in less detail compared with English RAs.
Luisella Leonzini investigates the use of verbal and visual metaphors in economic-
media discourse within the context of the euro crisis by studying the correlation
between linguistic and pictorial metaphors and text-image intersemiotic relations.
The research is based on a cross-analysis of English and Italian editorial
articles published between 2009 and 2012. In both corpora, metaphorical realizations
frame the economic crisis which hit the single currency and the eurozone in
2009 as a partial collapse and hint at a possible return to stability in the form of a
recovery. The aim of this paper is to analyse the collapse/caduta and
recovery/ripresa metaphors across languages in the press.
Ian Robinson reports on using corpus linguistics to aid students in writing a creative
text. He looks at the available literature to help understand what is meant by
‘creativity’. A worksheet was prepared using a corpus linguistic analysis of modern,
English versions of the stories of the Brothers Grimm. This worksheet was constructed
with the use of a specialized corpus, and a stop-list was created which contained
single words as well as word clusters found in the tales. Students were then
asked to select some of these words and phrases to help them write stories which
were then analysed, and a follow-up questionnaire was used to elicit the students’
perceptions concerning creativity. The author concludes that creativity is essential
in EFL and that it is something to be fostered in students
Discovery of 95 PTSD loci provides insight into genetic architecture and neurobiology of trauma and stress-related disorders
No full textPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) genetics are characterized by lower discoverability than most other psychiatric disorders. The contribution to biological understanding from previous genetic studies has thus been limited. We performed a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies across 1,222,882 individuals of European ancestry (137,136 cases) and 58,051 admixed individuals with African and Native American ancestry (13,624 cases). We identified 95 genome-wide significant loci (80 novel). Convergent multi-omic approaches identified 43 potential causal genes, broadly classified as neurotransmitter and ion channel synaptic modulators (e.g., GRIA1, GRM8, CACNA1E), developmental, axon guidance, and transcription factors (e.g., FOXP2, EFNA5, DCC), synaptic structure and function genes (e.g., PCLO, NCAM1, PDE4B), and endocrine or immune regulators (e.g., ESR1, TRAF3, TANK). Additional top genes influence stress, immune, fear, and threat-related processes, previously hypothesized to underlie PTSD neurobiology. These findings strengthen our understanding of neurobiological systems relevant to PTSD pathophysiology, while also opening new areas for investigation.Competing Interest StatementL.J.B. is listed as an inventor on Issued U.S. Patent 8,080,371, "Markers for Addiction" covering the use of certain SNPs in determining the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of addiction. C.-Y.C. and H.R. are employees of Biogen. A.M.D. holds equity in CorTechs Labs, Inc., and serves on the Scientific Advisory Board of Human Longevity, Inc., and the Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre; A.M.D. receives funding through research grants with General Electric Healthcare. C.F. was a speaker for Janssen in 2021. I.B.H. is the Co-Director, Health and Policy at the Brain and Mind Centre (BMC) University of Sydney; the BMC operates an early-intervention youth services at Camperdown under contract to headspace. I.B.H. is the Chief Scientific Advisor to, and a 3.2 InnoWell Pty Ltd; InnoWell was formed by the University of Sydney (45 and PwC (Australia; 45 to deliver the $30 M Australian Government-funded Project Synergy. H.H. received consultancy fees from Ono Pharmaceutical and honorarium from Xian Janssen Pharmaceutical. In the past 3 years, R.C.K. was a consultant for Cambridge Health Alliance, Canandaigua VA Medical Center, Holmusk, Partners Healthcare, Inc., RallyPoint Networks, Inc., and Sage Therapeutics. He has stock options in Cerebral Inc., Mirah, PYM, Roga Sciences and Verisense Health. L.A.M.L. reports spousal IP payments from Vanderbilt University for technology licensed to Acadia Pharmaceuticals unrelated to the present work. C.M. has served on advisory boards of Receptor Life Sciences, Otsuka Pharmaceuticals and Roche Products Limited and has received support from National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute of Mental Health, Department of Defense- CDMRP * US Army Research Office * DARPA, Bank of America Foundation, Brockman Foundation, Cohen Veterans Bioscience, Cohen Veterans Network, McCormick Foundation, Home Depot Foundation, New York City Council, New York State Health, Mother Cabrini Foundation, Tilray Pharmaceuticals, and Ananda Scientific. P.M.P. received payment or honoraria for lectures and presentations in educational events for Sandoz, Daiichi Sankyo, Eurofarma, Abbot, Libbs, Instituto Israelita de Pesquisa e Ensino Albert Einstein, Instituto D’Or de Pesquisa e Ensino. R.P. paid for his editorial work on the journal Complex Psychiatry and received a research grant outside the scope of this study from Alkermes. J.W.S. is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of Sensorium Therapeutics (with equity), and has received grant support from Biogen, Inc.; J.W.S. is PI of a collaborative study of the genetics of depression and bipolar disorder sponsored by 23andMe for which 23andMe provides analysis time as in-kind support but no payments. M.B.S. has in the past 3 years received consulting income from Acadia Pharmaceuticals, Aptinyx, atai Life Sciences, BigHealth, Biogen, Bionomics, BioXcel Therapeutics, Boehringer Ingelheim, Clexio, Eisai, EmpowerPharm, Engrail Therapeutics, Janssen, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, NeuroTrauma Sciences, PureTech Health, Sage Therapeutics, Sumitomo Pharma, and Roche/Genentech. M.B.S. has stock options in Oxeia Biopharmaceuticals and EpiVario. M.B.S. has been paid for his editorial work on Depression and Anxiety (Editor-in-Chief), Biological Psychiatry (Deputy Editor), and UpToDate (Co-Editor-in-Chief for Psychiatry). M.B.S. has also received research support from NIH, Department of Veterans Affairs, and the Department of Defense. M.B.S. is on the scientific advisory board for the Brain and Behavior Research Foundation and the Anxiety and Depression Association of America. In the past 3 years, D.J.S. has received consultancy honoraria from Discovery Vitality, Johnson amp; Johnson, Kanna, L’Oreal, Lundbeck, Orion, Sanofi, Servier, Takeda and Vistagen. MLK reports unpaid membership on the Scientific Committee for the ISSTD.Funding StatementMajor financial support for the PTSD-PGC was provided by the Cohen Veterans Bioscience, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research at the Broad Institute, and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH; R01MH106595, R01MH124847, R01MH124851).Author DeclarationsI confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.YesThe details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:IRB of University of California San Diego gave ethical approval for this workI confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals.YesI understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance).YesI have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines, such as any relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material, if applicable.YesSummary statistics for PGC2.5 will be made available upon publication via the PGC (https://pgc.unc.edu/for-researchers/download-results/). Access to study level summary statistics and genotype data can be applied for by using the PGC data access portal (https://pgc.unc.edu/for-researchers/data-access-committee/data-access-portal/). Summary statistics for MVP are available from dbGAP (accession id phs001672.v3.p1) to qualified researchers. EHR dataset summary statistics availability follows the policies of the individual contributing cohorts
