1,143 research outputs found
Detection of DNA-gold nanoparticle hybrids on patterned surfaces
No full textAn optical diffraction based sensor has been developed for the detection of DNA-gold nanoparticle hybrids. Silicon substrates were patterned with oligonucleotide sequences in the form of a one-dimensional diffraction grating. Complementary sequences are detected by hybridisation with an oligonucleotide functionalised gold nanoparticle label. Detection of the gold nanoparticles is achieved by examining the diffraction efficiency of the diffraction gratings formed by laser illumination
Solidification/stabilisation of soil contaminated with metal: a review
No full textSolidification/stabilisation (S/S) is generically defined as a chemical and physical alteration technique of reducing the mobility as well as solubility of contaminants in wastes in order to convert them into chemically inert form. The technique is specifically developed to confine the movement of contaminants in wastes so that their concentrations in the surrounding environment (e.g. subsurface soil matrices and groundwater) will not exceed stipulated environmental regulatory levels. This technique necessitates application of cementitious materials such as cement which also provides a favorable solidification effect on the stabilised wastes so that the end product can be easily transported to disposal sites or reused as construction materials. This paper reviews the S/S technology as applied to contaminated soil treatment with emphasis on its chemical binder systems, mechanisms, interferences and post-treatment leaching tests. S/S is an important soil contamination remediation technology as evident by its simplicity, technical and cost-effectiveness
Photonic generation of DNA micropatterns for haplotype analysis
No full textGenotype analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism is a straightforward process with many system becoming available including mass spectrometry, microbeads and solid phase microarray approaches; methodologies for easy analysis of long stretches of DNA (10000s of base pairs) are now needed for haplotype identification. To meet this need, we are developing a novel biosensor in silicon, which are suitable for miniaturization and integrated DNA analysis
Submicron patterning of DNA oligonucleotides on silicon
No full textThe covalent attachment of DNA oligonucleotides onto crystalline silicon (100) surfaces, in patterns with submicron features, in a straightforward, two-step process is presented. UV light exposure of a hydrogen-terminated silicon (100) surface coated with alkenes functionalized with N-hydroxysuccinimide ester groups resulted in the covalent attachment of the alkene as a monolayer on the surface. Submicron-scale patterning of surfaces was achieved by illumination with an interference pattern obtained by the transmission of 248 nm excimer laser light through a phase mask. The N-hydroxysuccinimide ester surface acted as a template for the subsequent covalent attachment of aminohexyl-modified DNA-oligonucleotides. Oligonucleotide patterns, with feature sizes of 500 nm, were reliably produced over large areas. The patterned surfaces were characterized with atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, epifluorescence microscopy and ellipsometry. Complementary oligonucleotides were hybridized to the surface-attached oligonucleotides with a density of 7 x 1012 DNA oligonucleotides per square centimetre. The method will offer much potential for the creation of nano- and micro-scale DNA biosensor devices in silicon
Chemical modification and micropatterning of Si(100) with oligonucleotides
No full textA method for the reliable attachment. of oligonucleotides to silicon (10 0) surfaces in patterns is described. LTV light exposure of silicon (10 0) coated with alkenes functionalized with carboxylic acid groups and derivatives results in covalent attachment to the silicon surface. The carboxyl-terminated (and derivatives) surfaces act as a substrate for the chemistry of the subsequent attachment of oligonucleotides. Illustrated are our results gained for optimisation of the surface attachment chemistry and the characterisation of the surface with scanning electron microscopy, epifluorescence microscopy and ellipsometry
Analisis Perbandingan Semantik Pada Kata َيَحْكُمُ dan حُكْمٌ pada Surat Al-Maidah Terjemahan Depag Dengan H.B. Jassin
No full textThis study discusses the comparative analysis of the meaning of the word يَحْكُمُ and حُكْمٌ using the translation of the Ministry of Religion and H.B. jassin. And the method used is thelibrary research method. In Arabic the word law has no equivalent. Word translation يَحْكُمُ and حُكْمٌ in the Qur'an of the Ministry of Religion with H.B. Jassin is quite accurate in terms of the Indonesian language level. Although there are slight differences between the translations of H.B. Jassin with the translation of the Ministry of Religion. H.B. translation Jassin is translated literally with a poetic nuance, while the MoRA translation is translated freely. Therefore, these two translations do not reduce the accuracy of the translation results. The author draws the conclusion, that the translation of H.B. Jassin and the Ministry of Religion in the Al-Qur'an letter al-Maidah in the first verse to the fiftieth verse are quite accurate in terms of the Indonesian language level
Missing migrants and the right to identification
No full textBuilding on the body of literature that calls for a human-rights-based approach to the tragic phenomenon of the loss of identities of migrants who go missing on their journeys, this article aims to provide a legal conceptualization of the ‘right to identification’ that may serve as the backbone of a normative framework defining state obligations regarding the missing in this context. It takes as a prompt the statement that ‘human beings have the right not to lose their identities after death’ in the preamble to Interpol Resolution No. AGN/65/RES/13 concerning disaster victim identification, and examines the rights to dignity and identity, including how they operate and interact with each other and with the right to truth. Recognizing that both the missing themselves and their loved ones may be regarded as victims of involuntary disappearance, a central argument here is that dignity is the right of the dead as well as the living, that dignity serves to protect identity as an integral aspect of personhood, and that the right to identification is exercisable by next of kin via the right to truth. The article’s final section outlines the state obligations incorporating identification, as derived from human rights and humanitarian law. The author hopes that this inquiry into the right to identification can spur further action on the part of states to fulfil their humanitarian duties
Map of mud-volcanos in the Caspian Sea (Southern Bath)
No full textMap (1:1000000) of mud vulcanos plus explanation, including a profile and some subsurface graphs
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