1,846 research outputs found
Thermal stability study of BaAl2Si2O8 : Eu2+ phosphor using its polymorphism for plasma display panel application
No full textWe have evaluated the thermal stability of BaAl2Si2O8:Eu2+ (BAS:Eu2+) phosphor using its polymorph property and hexagonal and monoclinic crystal structure, depending upon firing temperature for plasma display panel application. When BAS:Eu2+ samples having each characteristic crystal structure were baked at 500 degrees C in air for 30 min, the baked monoclinic BAS:Eu2+ showed the same photoluminescence (PL) intensity as the fresh one, whereas the baked hexagonal one lost its PL intensity significantly, corresponding to about 34%. From analyses of electron spin resonance on Eu2+ and Rietveld refinement, the difference of thermal stability between hexagonal and monoclinic BAS:Eu2+ could be ascribed to both the crystal structure of host materials and the average interatomic distances between the Eu2+ ion and oxygen which plays the key role of shield for Eu2+ ions against an oxidation atmosphere.This study was supported by Korea
Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) and Ministry of
Science & Technology (MOST), Korean government, through
its National Nuclear Technology Program
Combined Rietveld refinement of CaMgSi2O6 : Eu2+ using X-ray and neutron powder diffraction data
No full textThe authors are grateful to Dr S. W. Jang at the Hanaro
Center in Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute for
their assistance in collecting neutron powder diffraction
data. This work was partially supported by the Centre for
Nanoscale Mechatronics and Manufacturing
Thermal stability study of Eu2+-doped BaAl2Si 2O8 phosphor using polymorphism for plasma display panel applications
No full textThis study was supported by Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) and Ministry of Science & Technology (MOST), Korean government, through its National Nuclear Technology Program
In situ Neutron powder diffraction analyses of BaMgAl10O 17:Eu2+ phosphor with increasing temperature
No full textThermal stability of (Sr1-x,Bax)3MgSi 2O8:Eu2+ phosphor for plasma display panel applications
No full textTargeting families and teens: Television violence on the WB
No full textThe author investigates the amount of violence contained within WB primetime programs in order to determine The WB\u27s number of violent acts per program and per program hour as well as determine some of the possible effects of The WB\u27s violence. The author sampled one week of WB primetime programming. A definition of violence similar to other violence studies was employed for comparability. The unit of analysis used for coding was the violent act. The author found all WB primetime programs to contain some violence. The most violent WB primetime program was Buffy the Vampire Slayer and the highest number of violent acts aired was found on Tuesday night. The author concludes the majority of WB primetime programs contain a low amount of violence. The author suggests future violence studies employ a single accepted definition of violence and include The WB and UPN programming in their samples
Luminescence property of Eu2+-doped BaPO4 phosphor under ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet excitation
No full textAn assessment of the impact of possible CAP reform scenarios on Romanian agriculture
No full textUsing a simplified model, with key-variable the prices of two different possible scenarios of CAP reform after 2013 (moderate and radical), this paper present a comparison between the price effects of implementation of each reform scenario at 2015 horizon on Romanian agriculture. This short analysis shows that, under the presented hypotheses, the net welfare effect, due to the price changes, for the selected products, is positive in both reform scenarios, yet greater in the case of the radical reform. Integrated in the large context of Romanian development, it seems that the influence of CAP reform upon agriculture and rural areas will be most likely a gradual one: an interpenetration between the two scenarios is foreseeable, starting with the moderate reform that will dominate the period around 2013, the reform measures acquiring a more radical character afterwards.CAP reform, Romania, welfare effects, Agricultural and Food Policy,
Molecular characterization of pathogenesis of AY-WB phytoplasma secreted protein
No full text植物菌質體（Phytoplasma），存在於植物韌皮部篩管細胞中，目前無法被人工培養，是一種絕對寄生的植物病原菌，主要藉由昆蟲傳播至其他植物宿主，造成許多農業上重要經濟作物的嚴重損失。其中翠菊黃萎病菌質體 ( AY-WB phytoplasma )，在先前的研究中可以藉由生物資訊等方法，預測出56個致病分泌型蛋白（secreted AY-WB proteins, SAPs）。本論文研究的SAP11會進入宿主細胞核中降解轉錄因子TCPs，造成葉片皺縮並減低茉莉酸JA合成，進而幫助昆蟲媒介的繁殖及生存。本篇論文利用35S::SAP11轉基因植物做進一步探討，觀察到轉基因植物具有較多的不定根且側根較長的外表型。經由次世代定序分析轉基因植物的基因表現情形，發現轉基因植物中的缺磷反應相關基因IPS1、PS2、SPX3等表現量明顯增加且免疫相關基因PR1、ELI3-1等明顯下降；同時偵測microRNA表現量差異觀察到調控磷恆定的miR399表現量增加，而免疫相關的miR393則減少。進一步利用比色定量法測量到轉基因植物中具有較高的無機磷含量而瞭解SAP11可能誘導缺磷反應產生。在生物體內，磷是合成ATP與phospholipid的重要元素，因此翠菊黃萎病菌質體可能藉由分泌SAP11誘發宿主植物產生缺磷反應，以增加宿主對磷的攝取進而幫助菌質體在植物中的生長，未來可以找出其作用目標以釐清SAP11在植物中的作用路徑及致病機制，可用於幫助減緩植物菌質體所引發的植物病害，降低高經濟作物的損失，並進行抗病育種以增加植物的抵抗力。Phytoplasmas are unculturable bacterial pathogens and restricted to the cytoplasm of plant phloem sieve cells. Phytoplasmas depend on leafhoppers, planthoppers and psyllids for transmission. The infections by phytoplasmas cause severe disease symptoms and dramatic losses worldwide. So far, 56 candidate effectors have been identified in Aster Yellows phtoplasma strain Witches’ Broom (AY-WB). Among them, secreted AY-WB protein 11 (SAP11) has been shown to target plant cell nucleus and destabilize Arabidopsis CIN-related TCP transcription factors which are able to control plant development and promote the expression of lipoxygenase (LOX) genes. Here, we generated Arabidopsis 35S::SAP11 transgenic lines, and observed interesting phenotypes with fibrous roots and anthocyanin-accumulated leaves. With small RNA analysis, a significant induction of miR399 and a decrease of miR393 were detected in the 35S::SAP11 transgenic plants. These results are consistant with the RNA-seq analysis, in which Pi starvation-induced genes are highly expressed and the defense related gene are suppressed. Finally, we showed that SAP11AYWB-overexpressing plants accumulated higher amount of Pi in plant cells. Taken together, these results suggest that SAP11AYWB has the ability to modulate Pi homeostasis through regulating Pi starvation responses, and reduce host resistance against phytoplasmas through suppressing plant defense responses.中文摘要i
英文摘要ii
總目錄iii
目錄iv
圖表目錄vi
附錄目錄vii
第一章 前言 1
一、 植物菌質體phytoplasma簡介 1
二、 翠菊黃萎病與其他植物菌質體重要植物病害 3
三、 植物菌質體的分泌系統 5
四、 植物菌質體的致病性蛋白 6
五、 SAP11在擬南芥中的研究 8
六、 植物營養源與病原菌間之關係 9
七、 植物體內磷恆定的調控與缺磷反應 10
八、 研究目的與策略 12
第二章 材料與方法 14
材料 14
一、 本研究中所使用之菌株、質體、抗生素和增幅AYWB 14
phytoplasma的核苷酸引子 參考(附錄一到四) 14
二、 本研究中所使用的培養基和溶液配方 14
三、 本研究所使用的植株 14
方法 14
一、 載體的構築 14
二、 擬南芥轉殖株之建立 17
三、 SAP11AYWB轉基因植物之蛋白質檢測 18
四、 分析轉基因擬南芥之RNA表現量 20
五、 檢測植物中無機磷含量 23
第三章 結果 26
一、 翠菊黃萎病分泌蛋白SAP11AYWB轉基因擬南芥的建立與鑑定 26
二、 SAP11AYWB改變植物的根部外表型 26
三、 SAP11AYWB轉基因擬南芥之全基因組轉錄體分析 27
四、 SAP11AYWB誘發缺磷反應相關基因表現 27
五、 SAP11AYWB降低植物防禦能力 28
六、 表現SAP11AYWB促使miR399表現量增加而miR393表現量降低 29
七、 SAP11AYWB誘發缺磷反應促使植物提高對磷的攝取 29
第四章 討論 30
第五章 參考文獻 33
第六章 附圖與表 40
第七章 附錄 4
2001 & 2007 Recessions prompted remaking of the international organizations
No full textCountercyclical Economics to enhance business cyclical economics, Global World Trade Organization (WTO), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and the World Bank (WB) to change from Instrumental for International Lending and International Investment to 1) Managing their own Monetary Policies by expanding the issuance of SDR and fluctuating Interest Rate, 2) Promotional for Business Development through Low-Interest Finance and Subsidies and 3) Controlling for global Market Balance of demand-to-supply by using Monetary and other Policies. Natural and/or artificial market agents to create the needed market (1/f noise) that will alleviate the shrinking market activities and the rising unemployment.economics; globalization; microeconomics; macroeconomics; international financial organizations; IMF; WTO; WB; quantum economics;
- …
