279 research outputs found
The sense of Chengdu: embodied heritage in tastescape
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Previous issue date: 2016-07-22Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 95396
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Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system"Chengdu is famous for its Sichuan Cuisine with its unique spicy flavor. From the sources distributed and transported to local restaurants, then prepared, served, and eventually eaten by consumers, food is a significant part of Chengdu's culture. Eating is not only just about the food itself, but also about where to eat, how to eat, when to eat, whom to eat with. Culinary heritage is proposed to be conserved through the concept of ""tastescape"", which is planned as a combination of landscape and culture in which eating becomes a situated event. The design study focuses on the streets in historic neighborhoods in the inner city of Chengdu. The relationship between food, landscape and culture, and tastescape is proposed by combining eating with participating in theaters, local artworks, and cooking."Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2018-08-01The student, Linna Yi, accepted the attached license on 2016-07-21 at 14:46.The student, Linna Yi, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2016-07-21 at 15:13.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2016-07-22 at 09:52.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10042 on 2016-11-10 at 12:27:36Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 95396
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Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 95396
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Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 95396
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Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 95396 on 2018-11-11T10:15:32Z
LINNA: Likelihood Inference Neural Network Accelerator
No full textBayesian posterior inference of modern multi-probe cosmological analyses
incurs massive computational costs. For instance, depending on the combinations
of probes, a single posterior inference for the Dark Energy Survey (DES) data
had a wall-clock time that ranged from 1 to 21 days using a state-of-the-art
computing cluster with 100 cores. These computational costs have severe
environmental impacts and the long wall-clock time slows scientific
productivity. To address these difficulties, we introduce LINNA: the Likelihood
Inference Neural Network Accelerator. Relative to the baseline DES analyses,
LINNA reduces the computational cost associated with posterior inference by a
factor of 8--50. If applied to the first-year cosmological analysis of Rubin
Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST Y1), we conservatively
estimate that LINNA will save more than US on energy costs, while
simultaneously reducing emission by tons. To accomplish
these reductions, LINNA automatically builds training data sets, creates neural
network surrogate models, and produces a Markov chain that samples the
posterior. We explicitly verify that LINNA accurately reproduces the first-year
DES (DES Y1) cosmological constraints derived from a variety of different data
vectors with our default code settings, without needing to retune the algorithm
every time. Further, we find that LINNA is sufficient for enabling accurate and
efficient sampling for LSST Y10 multi-probe analyses. We make LINNA publicly
available at https://github.com/chto/linna, to enable others to perform fast
and accurate posterior inference in contemporary cosmological analyses.Comment: 21 pages, 12 figures, submitted to JCAP, comments are welcom
The role of corporate social responsibility in design of eco-friendly changes in consumer behaviour through it
No full textMagistritöö
Linna- ja tööstusmaastike korralduse õppekavalOlulise keskkonda saastava probleemina näeb autor tänapäeval ühekordsete toidunõude
massilist tarvitamist toitlustuses. Ühekordne pakend, olenemata materjalist on siiski
ühekordne ressursi kasutus. Sooviga asendada ühekordsete toidukarpide kasutamine
toitlustuses, korduvkasutatavate karpide ringlusega, on kirjutatud ka valminud töö.
Magistritöö eesmärgiks on välja selgitada tarbija valmidust muuta oma
käitumisharjumusi ja ettevõtete poolset valmidust keskkonnasäästlikumate lahenduste
loomisel.
Metoodika valikul ja küsimuste koostamisel lähtus autor vajadusest kaardistada nii
tarbijapoolne nägemus kui ka ettevõtte poolt pakutav lahendus. Sellest tingituna
kombineeris autor kvantitatiivse struktureeritud küsitluse tarbijatele, millele järgnes
poolstruktureeritud süvaintervjuu ettevõttega Topsiring ning lisaks ka struktureeritud eposti teel läbi viidud intervjuu ettevõttega Wolt.
Kokku vastas tarbijale suunatud küsimustikule 306 isikut. Küsimustiku ning intervjuude
tulemustest oli võimalik järeldada tarbija valmidust kasutada alternatiivi kui see on tema
jaoks mugav ja ei tekita talle liialt lisakohustusi. Murekohana võib siiski välja tuua, et
keskkonnasäästlikum lahendus on tihtipeale kallim kui laialt levinud ühekordne pakend.
Teine oluline mõtlemiskoht on inimeste teadlikkus alternatiivist. Ligi 50% vastanuist
eelistavad biolagunevat pakendit. Nagu töö teoreetilises osas märgitud, pole see aga
mitte kõige keskkonnasõbralikum variant. Siinkohal peab autor just oluliseks tarbija
teadlikkuse tõstmist ühekordse ressursi kasutamisel. Toetudes nii teoreetilisele osale
tööst, kui ka läbiviidud uurimusele leiab töö autor, et ühekordsete toidukarpideAuthor sees massive usage of single-use packages as an important problem as it is
polluting environment. Single-use package despite the material, is still single use resource.
Wishing to replace single-use food containers in take-out food industry, has author written
this thesis.
The purpose for these thesis is to figure out the consumer readiness to choose
environmentally friendly alternative and the role of corporate social responsibility in
designing the product.
As choosing the method and questions author proceeded from the need to map the
consumers point of view as well the alternative provided by company. According the
necessary input, author combined the quantitative questionnaire towards consumers and
structured interviews with companies Topsiring and Wolt.
Survey gathered 306 responses. The results from questionnaire and interviews indicates
consumer willingness to choose the better alternative in case if it is convenient and
acceptable. One concern to be noted, is that alternative option may often be more
expensive than widely uses single-use option. Second important note is the overall
knowledge and awareness about environmentally friendly alternatives. About 50% of
consumers prefer biodegradable single use packaging. Like mentioned in the theoretical
part of these thesis, biodegradable option is not the most eco friendly alternative.
Therefore author considered it to be important to raise the consumers awareness in singleuse resource use. Based on the theoretical part of the thesis and the results of the survey,
author sees the possibility to use reusable food containers as circular economy business
model to replace the single-use containers
Early Preschool-Age Children Speech Development through Plays in Nature
No full textKvalifikācijas darba tēma ir Agrīnā pirmsskolas vecuma bērnu runas pilnveide rotaļās dabā. Darba autors: Linna Maderniece Darba vadītājs: Anita Ieriķe Pētnieciskā darba mērķis ir uzlabot teorijā un praksē bērnu runas pilnveidi, izmantojot pedagoģiskajā procesā rotaļas, sarunas pastaigas laikā dabā. Pētījuma mērķa sasniegšanai ir veikti sekojoši uzdevumi: 1.analizēt teorētisko literatūru kvalifikācijas darba temata jomā, 2.izpētīt bērnu runas attīstības līmeni 1.6 – 3 gadu vecumā, 3.pilnveidot bērnu runu agrīnā vecumposmā ar rotaļnodarbībām dabā, 4.analizēt un apstrādāt iegūtos rezultātus, 5.veikt secinājumus. Kvalifikācijas darbs sastāv no divām daļām, teorētiskās un praktiskās (empīriskās) daļas. Teorētiskajā daļā tika aplūkoti vairāku autoru skaidrojumi par valodas un runas funkcijām un nozīmi bērnu attīstībā. Tika aplūkoti arī vairāku autoru skaidrojumi par rotaļas un dabas nozīmi bērna attīstībā, vai rotaļas dabā var pilnveidot un attīstīt bērna runu. Empīriskajā daļā tika veikts pētījums, kurā piedalījās agrīnā pirmsskolas vecuma bērni. Tika veikta pētāmās grupas analīze un pētījuma metodoloģijas izstrāde. Tad tika apkopoti pētījuma sākotnēji iegūtie rezultāti un veikta analīze, kā rezultātā tika noskaidrots, cik efektīvi ir iespējams attīstīt bērna valodu un pilnveidot runu, rotaļās ejot ikdienas pastaigā dabā. Praktiskās daļas beigās tika apkopoti un analizēti pētījuma rezultāti. Atslēgas vārdi: runa, runas pilnveide, valodas attīstība, agrīnā pirmsskolas vecuma bērni, rotaļa, daba. Kvalifikācijas darba apjoms ir 44 lpp, tas satur 5 attēlus, 10 tabulas, tika izmantoti 43 literatūras avoti.The theme of the qualification paper is Early Preschool-Age Children Speech Development through Plays in Nature. Author: Linna Maderniece Supervisor: Anita Ierike The research aims to improve children’s speech in theory and practice through play, conversation in the pedagogical process in nature. The following tasks have been accomplished to achieve the aim of the research: 1. to analyze theoretical literature in the field of qualification paper, 2. to study the level of speech development of children aged 1.6 - 3 years, 3. to improve children’s speech at an early age with outdoor play activities, 4. to analyze and process the obtained results, 5. to draw conclusions. The qualification work consists of two parts, theoretical and practical (empirical) parts. In the theoretical part, the author explained the functions of language and speech and their significance in the development of children. The explanations of several authors on the role of play and nature in the development of the child were also considered, whether the play can improve and develop the child’s speech while playing in nature. In the empirical part, a study was conducted with early preschoolers. The study group was analyzed, and the research methodology was developed. This was followed by a summary of the initial findings of the study and an analysis of how effective it is to develop a child’s language and improve speech through play in the walks and the outdoors. At the end of the practical part, the results of the research were summarized and analyzed. Keywords: speech, speech development, language development, early preschool-age children, play, nature. The volume of the qualification paper is 44 pages, it contains 5 pictures, 10 tables, 43 sources of reference were used
The biosynthesis and discovery of lanthipeptides
No full textNatural products and their derivatives have been significant resources for the development of therapeutic compounds. They attracted interests from both academia and industry because of their high structural diversity and potential applications. Lanthipeptides are one class of natural products that have provided antibiotics to the food industry and drug candidates for treating human diseases. Lanthipeptides are polypeptides enzymatically decorated with lanthionine rings and sometimes other post-translational modifications, which dramatically elevate their protease-resistances, improved their chemical stabilities, and increased their structural complexity. To add onto the structure knowledge and biosynthetic toolkits for lanthipeptides, I investigated the biosynthesis and discovery of lanthipeptides during my Ph.D training. Duramycin/cinnamycin-type of lanthipeptides interact tightly with phosphatidylethanolamine and several of their members displayed high potential to be drug candidates. Duramycin contains an activity-essential lysinoalanine ring which is installed by a previously unknown hypothetical protein, DurN. In Chapter 2, I described the mechanism of action studies on DurN. I reconstituted the in vitro activity of DurN. Together with Dr. Cogan, we obtained the co-crystal structures of DurN with its product or substrate analog. We demonstrated that DurN catalyzes the lysinoalanine formation through a unique substrate-assisted catalysis mechanism. Enlightened by the biosynthesis of lanthipeptide, I further designed and initiated a proof-of-concept lanthipeptide discovery project based on the predictions for the potential mode of action of natural products, which is described in Chapter 3. I hypothesized that if the gene encoding a small molecule-processing enzyme locates in the biosynthetic gene cluster of a natural product on the bacterial genome, this processing enzyme may function as the immunity protein to prevent producer viability loss during the production of the natural products, and the natural product may target the small molecule. Following this hypothesis, I identified multiple lanthipeptide biosynthesis gene cluster candidates, and selected kib cluster from Kibdelsporangium phytohabitant KLBMP 1111T for verification. The lanthipeptide was produced in heterologous expression system and displayed an interlocking ring topology with a succinimide moiety as potential warhead. The activity assays of this new lanthipeptide will be carried out in the future studies. To further understand the modes of action for lanthipeptides, in Chapter 4, I investigated the mode of action of lipid II-targeting lanthipeptides. The binding event between nisin–lipid II and Halα–lipid II were characterized using isothermal titration calorimetry. Collectively, these studies further expanded our knowledge on lanthipeptides biosynthesis and discovery.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-12-01The student, Linna An, accepted the attached license on 2019-11-25 at 20:07.The student, Linna An, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2019-11-25 at 21:50.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2019-11-26 at 15:32.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14619 on 2020-02-28 at 17:22:48Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-02T22:15:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5
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Previous issue date: 2019-11-26Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 113898
Lift date: 2022-03-02T22:15:21Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 113898
Lift date: 2022-03-02T22:18:25Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 113898 on 2022-03-03T10:15:25Z
Alleede süsteemi potentsiaal Vietnami linnade aianduse arendamisele Ho Chi Minhi linna näite
No full textMaster’s thesis
Curriculum in Landscape ArchitectureThe world has to face serious globalization, rapid urbanization, population growth, energy
expenditures, food insecurity, and global climate change processes. Besides, Vietnam and especially
Ho Chi Minh city, is facing these global impacts. At the same time, it also faces internal issues such
as lack of open and accessible public spaces, greenery, healthy food, and community spirit and identity
loss. The study aims to find the potential for urban food growing by restoring and establishing a new
green and community spaces in the alley system of Ho Chi Minh city. The data and the methodology
will be divided into three sections What, Why, and How with six steps. Each step will use some
suitable methods to manage, examine data, and get the results. Because of the differences in steps,
several suitable methodologies would be introduced into each step. The study provides new insight
into the relationship between urban agriculture and "cultural landscape." The author could say that
urban agriculture or community garden is a good example of a "cultural landscape," or it is a "cultural
landscape." Besides, it could be confirmed that food and urban agriculture or community garden on a
small scale do not solve many global issues. To solve a global issue as food shortages or insecurity on
a large scale, urban agriculture itself cannot help to deal with; it needs to connect with rural food
growing and many different sectors. Food is not the main issue that needs to be solved in this study.
However, it is critical not only to create community spaces but also to bring back the places' spirits,
values, and identities.Maailm peab silmitsi seisma tõsise globaliseerumise, kiire linnastumise, rahvastiku kasvu,
energiakulu, toidupuuduse ja globaalsete kliimamuutuste protsessidega. Vietnam ja eriti Ho Chi
Minhi linn seisab nende globaalsete mõjude ees. Samal ajal ollakse vastamisi siseprobleemidega,
milleks on: avatud ja ligipääsetavate avalike ruumide puudumine, rohelus, tervislik toit ning
kogukonna vaimu ja identiteedikadu. Uuringu eesmärk on leida võimalused linnas toidu
kasvatamiseks, läbi uute rohe- ja kogukonnaruumide rajamise alleede süsteemis Ho Chi Minhi
linnas. Uuringu eesmärk on leida linnatoidu kasvatamise potentsiaal, taastades ning rajades uusi
roheruume ja kogukondlike ruume Ho Chi Mingi alleede süsteemides. Uuringu andmestik ja
metoodika jagatakse kolme jaotisse: Mis, Miks ja Kuidas kuue etapiga. Iga etapp kasutab andmete
haldamiseks, uurimiseks ja tulemuste saamiseks selleks vajalikku meetodit. Uuring annab uue
ülevaate linna agrikultuuri ja „kultuurmaastiku” vahelisest suhtest. Autor toob välja, et linna
agrikultuur või kogukondlik aed kuulub "kultuurmaastikku" või on selle hea näide. Võib kinnitada,
et toidu ja linna agrikultuur või kogukondlik aed väikeses ulatuses ei lahenda paljusid globaalseid
küsimusi. Selleks, et lahendada globaalseid probleeme, mis tulenevad toidu puudusest või
erinevatest teistest ebakindlustest suuremas mastaabis, ei saa linna agrikultuur seda üksi käsitleda,
vaid peab olema ühendatud maapiirkondade toidukasvatusega ning paljude teiste erinevate
sektoritega. Toit ei ole peamine probleem, mis tuleb selles uuringus lahendada. Siiski on oluline
mitte ainult luua ühiskondlikke ruume, vaid ka taastada kohtade hingelisus, väärtused ja identiteet
Linna ühisaedade mitmekihiline identiteet. Võrdlev uuring Eesti, Poola, Taani ja Suurbritannia kontekstis
No full textGlobalisation tends to increase the sense of a fluid and fragmented self, leads to
placelessness and urban alienation. And there are few spaces within an urban
environment that have potential for personalisation. The simplicity of urban allotment
gardens (UAGs) allows it to adapt within any cultural and historical context and
reflect the local identity. They exist beyond standardisation and legal constraints
thus facilitating and enhancing personal and communal identity.
The aim of this dissertation is to explore the distinctive and common features of
UAG identity across different European cultures, to find out the qualities that make
these places valuable and meaningful, that ensure continuation of this practice, its
transformation and adaptation to people’s needs. This is achieved by researching
the functions that users of allotment consider important and the meaning that they
attach.
The following research questions will help to understand how the process of
identification within UAGs is established by their users.
● What are the activities that the environment of UAG support in public and
private space?
● What is the meaning that tenants attach to UAG?
● What are the emotions that users associate with UAG?
● What are the commonalities and distinctiveness of UAG identity within
different cultural and historical context?
● What are the tendencies of allotments practice in researched countries?
The main research questions are based on the theories related to natural human
needs and concept of place identity.
The qualitative approach to this study is deemed important to ensure the
participant's personal perspective to the UAG experience. The data is collected by
the author of this dissertation through onsite observations and questionnaires in four
European countries Estonia, Poland, Denmark and the UK. These countries are
chosen to represent allotments that have been established within different economic
and social systems.
This approach allows to research the UAG identity on two levels.
Firstly, what are the general qualities of allotments taking into account different
cultural, historical and geographical contexts and, secondly what are the distinctive
characteristics.
The results of the interviews are examined using thematic analysis. The emerging
themes are organised in two interrelated categories that present the place identity as
result of performed activities (space related qualities) and emotional bonding (place
related qualities). Also the themes are organised in two comparative tables to
analyse the variations in preferred activities and attached meaning to UAGs by their
users in relation to different countries.
In discussion, there was designed a diagram based on theories of natural human
needs that explain the motives behind the UAGs practice and as result emotional
attachment to place. The diagram presents space related themes as physiological
needs (like “physical activity”, “food production”, “seasonal home”, “being outdoor”)
that create a base for fulfillment of meta needs (like “selffulfillment”, "my place",
"memory").
The findings indicate that the cultural context and historical development affect the
functional value of allotments whereas on an emotional level there is more
agreement that attachmentto is related to restorative potential of UAGs. Also the
strong variation in space related qualities shows that allotment gardens are not
considered today important only for satisfaction of basic human needs, but rather
they are appreciated for meta needs and restorative potential to their users.
As research shows allotments are very adaptable and can support a range of
human needs and represent their values within different cultural context.
According to the results the following description presents the main characteristics of
allotments in the researched countries:
Identity of allotment in the UK: allotment is seen as a valuable place for contribution
to the local community and sustainable living by producing own food.
Identity of allotment in Denmark: allotment is seen as a valuable green space for
recreation and socialising for everyone.
Identity of allotment in Poland: allotments as a place for active retirement.
Identity of allotment in Estonia: allotments as a way for production of healthy food.
Allotments in Estonia are critically seen as a relict of Soviet past whereas plot
holders themselves see them as a way to reconnect to a traditional and a more rural
way of life. In Estonia they have the potential to become aesthetically attractive and
valuable recreational places for everyone as it has been described in examples from
Denmark and England UAGs, and become a part of the local identity. There might
be a way to design an experimental site with a potential to develop and assess
different qualities of place identity that were described. These will help to understand
what potential an allotment has within the Estonian context.
Further studies can also explore the relation of function and meaning of allotments in
relation to physical setting of it.
It is worth mentioning that this scientific research is also a result of participation of
Estonian University of Life Sciences in COST Action TU1201.Globaliseerumine suurendab inimestes killustumise tunnet, mis viib kohtade
isikupära kadumiseni ja võõrandumiseni. Linnamaastikul on vähe kohti, millel on
potensiaali isikupäraseks muutumisel. Linna ühisaedade lihtsus aitab neil kohaneda
kõigi kultuuriliste ja ajalooliste kontekstidega ja peegeldavad kohalikku identiteeti.
Nad eksisteerivad hoolimata standardiseerimisele ja õiguslikele piirangutele, et
soodustada ja suurendada üksikisiku ja kogukonna identiteeti.
Töö eesmärgiks on välja selgitada linna aianduskruntide erinevusi ja sarnasusi
erinevate kultuuride näitel. Leida omadusi, mis teevad selle koha väärtuslikuks ja
tähenduslikuks, tagavad selle jätkusuutlikkuse, muutumise ja kohanemise inimeste
vajadustega. See on saavutatud tänu funktsioonide uurimisele, mida linna
ühisaedade kasutajad peavad oluliseks ja see tähendus, mida nad nendele aladele
omastavad. Järgnevad uurimisküsimused aitavad mõista kuidas on loodud linna
ühisaedade identifitseerimine.
∙ Mis on need tegevused, mida linna ühisaiad toetavad avalikus ja privaatses ruumis?
∙ Mis on see tähendus, mida linna ühisaedadele omastatakse?
∙ Millised on need emotsioonid, mida kasutajad seostavad linna ühisaedadega?
∙ Millised on ühised ja erinevad jooned linna ühisaedade identiteedis erinevas
kultuurilises ja ajaloolises kontekstis?
∙ Millised on tendentsid linna aianduskruntide pidamisel uuritavates riikides?
Põhilised uurimisküsimused põhinevad loomulike inimvajaduste ja koha identiteedi
kontseptsiooni teooriatel.
Kvalitatiivset lähenemist sellele uurimusele peetakse oluliseks, et tagada osalejate
personaalne vaade linnaaiandusele. Andmed kogutakse magistritöö tegija poolt
alade kohapealsel vaatlusel ja küsitlustega neljas Euroopa riigis – Eestis, Poolas,
Taanis ja Inglismaal. Need riigid olid valitud olemasolevate ühisaedade põhjal, mis
olid loodud erineva majanduse ja sotsiaalsüsteemi ajal.
Selline lähenemine võimaldab linna aianduskrunte uurida kahel tasandil.
Esiteks, millised on üldised aianduskruntide omadused arvestades kultuuri, ajalooja
geograafilist konteksti, teiseks, millised on erilised äratuntavad tunnused.
Küsitluste tulemused on kontrollitud temaatiliste analüüside abil. Esile kerkivad
teemad jagatakse kahte omavahel seotud kategooriatesse, mis esitlevad koha
identiteeti kui tehtud tegevuste tulemust (ruumiga seotud omadused) ja
emotsionaalset sidet (kohaga seotud omadused). Teemad on jagatud ka kahte
võrdlevasse tabelisse, et analüüsida eelistatud tegevuste variatsioone ja
linnaaedadele antud tähendust nende kasutajate poolt võrreldes erinevaid riike.
Arutluses on kujundatud diagramm loomulike inimvajaduste teooriate põhjal, mis
selgitavad linna ühisaedade loomise motiive ja selle tulemusena emotsionaalset
seotust selle kohaga. Diagramm näitab ruumiga seotud teemasid kui psühholoogilisi
vajadusi (nagu „füüsiline aktiivsus“, „toidu tootmine“, „hooajaline kodu“, „õues
olemine“), mis loovad põhja lisavajaduste täitmisele (nagu „eneseteostus“, „minu
koht“, „mälu“). Tulemused näitasid, et kultuurikontekst ja ajalooline areng mõjutavad
linna aianduskruntide funktionaalset väärtust, kuusjuures emotsionaalsel tasandil
ollakse rohkem nõus, et kiindumus aianduskruntidesse on seotud nende taastava
potensiaaliga. Tugevad erinevused ruumiga seotud omadustes näitavad, et
ühisaedu ei peeta tänapäeval oluliseks ainult põhiliste inimvajaduste rahuldamiseks,
vaid pigem hinnatud lisavajaduste ja taastava potensiaali tõttu nende kasutajatele.
Uurimistöö näitab, et ühisaiad on väga kohanemisvõimelised ja toetavad inimese
mitmesuguseid vajadusi ning esindavad nende väärtusi erinevates kultuurilistes
kontekstides.
Põhinedes tulemustele järgnevad kirjeldused esitlevad aianduskruntide peamisi
omadusti uuritavates riikides:
Ühisaia identiteet Suurbritannias: ühisaeda nähakse kui väärtuslikku kohta kohalikku
kogukonda panustamisel ja jätkusuutlikumaks muutmisel ise oma toitu tootmisega.
Ühisaia identiteet Taanis: ühisaeda nähakse kui väärtuslikku rohelist ala
rekreatsiooniks ja sotsialiseerumiseks kõigile.
Ühisaia identiteet Poolas: ühisaed kui koht aktiivseks vananemiseks.
Ühisaia identiteet Eestis: ühisaed kui viis toota tervislikku toitu.
Aianduskrunte nähakse Eestis kui nõukogude aja jäänuseid, kuigi krundi omanikud
ise näevad seda kui viisi taastada ühendus traditsionaalse ja maaga seotud
eluviisiga. Eestis on neil potensiaali muutuda esteetiliselt atraktiivseks ja
väärtuslikuks rekreatsiooni alaks kõigile inimestele nagu seda on kirjeldatud Taani ja
Suurbritannia näidetes ning muutuda osaks kohalikust identiteedist. On võimalik
kujundada näidisala, millel on potensiaali areneda ja hinnata erinevaid koha
identiteedi omadusi, mida kirjeldati eelnevalt. Need aitavad mõista millist potensiaali
aianduskrundid omavad Eesti kontekstis.
Tulevased uuringud võivad uurida funktsiooni ja aianduskruntide tähenduse seost
füüsilise tausta suhes.
Tasub mainida, et see teaduslik uuring on Eesti Maaülikooli COST Action TU1201
programmis osalemise tulemus
Analysis of Loksa City Traffic Safety Problems and Development Opportunities
No full textKäesoleva lõputöö “Loksa linna liiklusohutuse probleemide analüüs ja arenguvõimalused” eesmärgiks on analüüsida Loksa linna tänavate liiklusohutuse taset, leida ja kaardistada liiklusohtlikud kohad linna liikluses. Samuti pakub autor välja linna keskkonda sobivaid lahendusi liiklusohutuse taseme tõstmiseks. Lõputöö koosneb viiest peatükist ja mitmetest väiksematest alapeatükkidest. Esimeses peatükis annab autor ülevaate liiklusohutuse põhimõtetest. Töö teises peatükis on esitatud ülevaade Loksa linna ajaloost, Loksa linna ja selle ümbritsevast piirkonnast, olemasolevast olukorrast linna liikluskorralduses, infrastruktuuris ning lahti kirjutatud ka Loksa linna tulevikuvisioon lähtudes linna ametnike poolt koostatud arengukavast. Töö kolmandas peatükis on toodud välja Loksa linna liikluse ja liikluskorraldusega seotud probleemid, liiklusohtlikud kohad linnas ning esitatud ka linnas läbiviidud kiirusmõõtmise uuringu tulemused. Lõputöö neljandas peatükis arutleb autor uurimistöö käigus saadud tulemuste üle ning teeb järeldusi. Töö viies peatükk on lõputöö autori eskiisprojekt Loksa linna tänavate liiklusohutuse tõstmiseks ning ettepanekud liikluskorralduse parendamiseks. Töö läbiviimiseks on autor uurinud linna ja liikluskorralduse kujunemise ajalugu linnas, hinnanud ja analüüsinud 24 linnatänavat, kaardistanud liiklusohtlikke kohti linnatänavatel ning koostanud saadud tulemuste põhjal oma ettepanekud ja lahendusjoonised eskiisprojektina. Tulemuste alusel soovib autor juhtida tähelepanu kõnni- ja kergliiklusteede vajadusele Loksa linnas sõltuvalt olemasolevast ja arendatavast tänavavõrgustikust. Autori teada ei ole varasemalt taolist uuringu Loksa linna kohta tehtud ning see annab hea ülevaate puudustest ja kitsaskohtadest linna liikluskorralduses. Lõputöö on kasulik Loksa Linnavalitsusele arenguvisiooni täiendamisel ning rekonstrueerimisplaanide koostamisel. Töö annab ka ülevaate, mida on linnas liikluskorralduse parandamiseks ära tehtud ning millistele kohtadele liikluskorra arendamisel veel tähelepanu pöörata. Tulemuste esitamisega panustab autor linnatänavate arengusse ning ohutuse kasvamisse.The purpose of the thesis “Analysis of Loksa city traffic safety problems and development opportunities” is to evaluate the level of traffic safety on the streets of Loksa, to identify and map dangerous places in the city traffic. The author also proposes solutions suitable for the urban environment to increase the level of traffic safety. The graduation thesis is composed of five chapters and number of smaller subchapters. In the first chapter the author gives an outline of the principles of road safety. The second chapter presents an overview of the history of the city, the surrounding area of the city, the current situation in the city's traffic management and infrastructure, and a vision of the future of Loksa based on the development plan prepared by city officials. The third chapter investigates the problems related to the traffic and its management in the city of Loksa, dangerous places in the city and diplays the results of a speed measurement conducted in the city. In the fourth chapter the author discusses the results obtained during the research and draws conclusions. The fifth chapter is the author’s sketch project to increase the traffic safety on the streets of Loksa and the proposals for the improvement of traffic management. In order to carry out the research, the author previously studied the history of the city and the development of city’s traffic management, assessed and analyzed 24 streets, defined dangerous places in traffic on the streets and formed his proposals and solution drawings in a sketch project based on the results. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that the city is in need for pedestrian and light traffic roads in Loksa based on the existing and developing street network. To the author's knowledge, no such study has been conducted about Loksa before and it would provide an overview of the shortcomings in the city's traffic management. The thesis is useful for Loksa City Government supplementing its development vision and reconstruction plans. Thesis provides a synopsis of what has been done to improve traffic management in the city and what places need attention when developing traffic regulations. By presenting the results, the author contributes to development and increased traffic safety on the streets
Assessing the scientific integrity of the collected work of one author or author group
No full textObjectives: No published methods for research integrity review include both statistical techniques applied to groups of randomized trials and individual assessment of papers. We propose a method based on practical experience of investigating data integrity across the collected papers of an author or author group. Study Design and Setting: We report our approach to investigating the collected papers of an author or author group suspected of academic misconduct. Results: In the investigation of the work of an author or author group, we recommend a systematic search for the work of the involved authors in PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Retraction Watch database, as well as a search of trial registries for unpublished clinical trials. Summary information from studies should be tabulated to assess consistency between study registration, execution, and publication. Each paper should be investigated for unfeasible features of the governance, methodology, execution, results, and reporting of the study. Pairwise comparison of baseline and outcome tables between papers may reveal data duplication or unfeasibly large differences between baseline characteristics in similar studies. Assessment of baseline characteristics from multiple randomized trials using Carlisle’s method can determine whether the data are consistent with a properly executed randomization process, as can checking whether reported baseline characteristics follow expected patterns for random variables such as Benford’s law. If serious concerns are raised, a more thorough investigation should be performed by journals, publishers, and institutions. Conclusion: These methods provide a systematic and reproducible way to assess the collected work of an author or group of authors.Jeremy Nielsena, Esmée M. Bordewijka, Lyle C. Gurrinc, Siddharth Shivanthad, Madeline Flanagana, Sue Liud, May M. Linna, Kelly X. Zhoua, Rik van Eekelenb, Nicholas J.L. Browne, Jim Thorntonf, Ben W. Mo
Väinö Linna park block – Park improvement: From ideas competition to realisation
No full textDiplomityö käsittelee Tampereella sijaitsevan Väinö Linnan puiston perusparannuksen suunnittelua ja toteutusta. Prosessi alkaa kunnostuksen ideakilpailulla. Voittava ehdotus ”Puistokortteli”, suunniteltu maisema-arkkitehtitoimisto Näkymä Oy:ssä, etenee yleissuunnittelun kautta uuden puiston toteutussuunnitteluun ja toteutukseen. Huonossa kunnossa olleen puiston perusparannuksen lisäksi yhtenä kilpailun tavoitteena oli luoda puistolle kirjailija Väinö Linnaan tai kaupunginosan historiaan liittyvä teema. Kilpailun järjestäjä ja suunnittelutyön tilaaja oli Tampereen kaupunki. Diplomityö sisältää suunnittelualueen analyysin, lähtökohtien tarkastelun sekä luonnoksia ja suunnitelmia kilpailun ja toteutussuunnittelun eri vaiheilta. Suuri osa työn materiaalista on luotu yksinomaan diplomityötä varten (muun muassa kaaviot ja illustroidut pohjapiirrokset).
Väinö Linnan puisto sijaitsee Tampereella Amurin kaupunginosassa. Puisto on noin 0,9 hehtaarin laajuinen, ja sisältää kaupunginosan alueellisen leikkipaikan. Puistoa ympäröivät 70- ja 80-luvun asuinkerrostalot, joissa asuu kaiken ikäisiä asukkaita. Amurin kaupunginosaa kutsuttiin 1800-luvun lopulta 1960-luvulle asti puu-Amuriksi, silloisen yhtenäisen ruutukaavoitetun puutaloalueen takia. Väinö Linnan ensimmäinen koti Tampereella oli Amurissa, johon hänen kaksi ensimmäistä romaaniaan myös sijoittuvat. Kaikki puukorttelit, lukuun ottamatta yhtä, purettiin vaiheittain niiden ränsistyessä, ja tilalle rakennettiin kerrostaloja. Kahden vanhan puukorttelin tilalle rakennettiin nykyinen puistoalue, ja tiet sen ympärillä muutettiin puistokäytäviksi.
Suunnitelma on saanut vaikutteita sekä puu-Amurista että Väinö Linnan teosten tapahtumista, aiheista ja tunnelmista. Vaikutteet ilmenevät puiston rakenteessa, materiaalivalinnoissa, istutuksissa ja toiminnoissa. Puiston rakenne viittaa puu-Amurin tyypilliseen korttelirakenteeseen, jossa asuinrakennukset muodostivat yhtenäisen suljetun rakennusvyöhykkeen pihojen ympärille. Pihoilla leikittiin, pelattiin pelejä, pidettiin kasvimaita ja eläimiä. Uuden puiston maastonmuodot ja kasvillisuusalueet sijoittuvat puiston reunoille, entisten asuinrakennusten paikoille ja muodostavat reunavyöhykkeen toiminnallisten piha-alueiden ympärille. Puiston käytävät jakavat pihan eri toiminta-alueisiin.
Kilpailuvaiheen jälkeen suunnitelmaa on muokattu ja tarkennettu mm. asukkaiden ja tilaajan toiveita soveltaen. Asukkaiden mielipiteitä on vastaanotettu monessa prosessin vaiheessa. Puiston suunnittelussa painotettiin asukaslähtöisyyttä ja käyttäjäystävällisyyttä. Rakenteita ja istutuksia jouduttiin kustannussyistä karsimaan. Suunnittelun päälähtökohta, puu-Amurin kortteli, suojaisine, elävine sisäpihoineen on kuitenkin säilynyt läpi prosessin. Työn lopussa on diplomityötä varten erikseen jatkokehitetty suunnitelma, joka sisältää rakenteita ja istutuksia, joista jouduttiin luopumaan tiukan budjetin takia.This thesis concerns the designing and the realisation of improving Väinö Linna Park in Tampere, Finland. The process starts with an ideas competition. The winning entry “Puistokortteli” (Park Block), designed in the landscape architecture office Näkymä Oy, continues with a general plan and finishes with the planning of the realisation and the actual realisation. In addition to improving the park in poor condition, one of the aims of the competition was to create a theme connected with the author Väinö Linna or the history of the district. The organiser of the competition and the client was the city of Tampere. The thesis contains an analysis of the site, an inspection of the premises and sketches and plans from different stages of the process. A large amount of the material is produced for the thesis alone (including the diagrams and the illustrated plans).
The park of Väinö Linna, 0.9 hectare in size including the regional playground of the district, is situated in the district of Amuri in Tampere. The park is surrounded by residential blocks from the 70’s and 80’s, with residents of all ages. The district of Amuri was called puu-Amuri (wood-Amuri) from the end of the nineteenth century to the 1960’s because of its uniform area of wooden houses and grid plan. Väinö Linna’s first home in Tampere was in Amuri, where also his two first novels were situated. All the wooden blocks, except for one, were demolished in phases when they started decaying, and new apartment buildings were built in their place. Two of the old wooden blocks were turned into the present park area and the streets surrounding the park were turned into parkways.
The design was influenced by both puu-Amuri and the events, themes and atmospheres in the works of Väinö Linna. These influences can be seen in the structure of the park, choice of materials, plantings and activities. The structure of the park refers to the typical block structure of puu-Amuri, in which the residential buildings formed a uniform closed zone around the yard. The yards were used as playgrounds and gardens and animals were held there. The landforms and planted areas in the new design are located on the border of the park, where there used to be buildings, creating a protective zone around the functional yard areas. The paths in the park divide the yard into areas of different activities.
After the competition phase, the design has been modified and adapted according to the wishes of the inhabitants and the client. The inhabitants’ thoughts and opinions about the design have been received at many phases of the process. Changes were made in the design, with the objective to make the park as user friendly a solution as possible. Structures and plantings were removed due to the costs. The main starting point of the design, the puu-Amuri block, with its multifunctional, lively yards, has nevertheless remained throughout the process. The work ends with a plan which is further developed particularly for the thesis, including structures and plantings that were removed due to the tight budget
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