9 research outputs found
First report of <i>Fusarium foetens</i> causing tobacco root and stem rots in Guizhou, China
No full textIn September of 2019, root and stem rots were observed in tobacco plants in Xingren, Guizhou Province, China. Typical symptoms included rotted roots and stems, failure to form vascular bundles or complete necrosis of vascular bundle tissues, and the plant later showed hollow stems and complete wilt. In a 0.13-ha field, the disease incidence was 50%–60%, causing serious economic losses. Based on morphological characteristics and molecular identification, as well as confirmation of pathogenesis following Koch's postulates, the causal agent was identified as Fusarium foetens. To our knowledge, this study is the first report of F. foetens as a pathogen on tobacco causing root and stem rot in Guizhou, China. The identification of the pathogen could lay the basis for its sustainable management in future.</p
Complete genome resource of <i>Cedecea neteri</i> A2, the causal agent of <i>Pleurotus pulmonarius</i> yellow rot disease in Guangxi, China
No full textBiological characterization and in vitro fungicide screenings of a new causal agent of wheat Fusarium head blight in Tibet, China
No full textWheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important cereal crop, widely grown throughout the temperate zones, and also suitable for cultivation at higher elevations. Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a highly destructive disease of wheat throughout the globe. In July 2020, serious wheat FHB symptoms were observed in open fields located in Linzhi City, southeast of Tibet, China. The causal agent was identified as Fusarium avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc. by amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1α) gene, and RNA polymerase II subunit (RPB-2) gene, as well as by morphological characterization. Koch’s postulates were confirmed by a pathogenicity test on healthy spikes, including re-isolation and identification. To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. avenaceum causing FHB on wheat in Tibet, China. Moreover, to determine pathogen characteristics that may be useful for future disease management, the utilization of different carbon and nitrogen resources, temperature, light, and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on mycelium growth and conidia germination were studied. Soluble starch and peptone were the best carbon, and nitrogen source for the pathogen respectively. The optimal temperatures for the pathogen’s mycelium growth and conidia germination were 15–20°C, matching the average temperature during the growing season in Linzhi (Tibet). Meanwhile, alternating 8-h light and 16-h dark was shown to be conducive to mycelia growth, and complete darkness facilitated conidia germination. In addition, UV Irradiation of 48 MJ/cm(2), approximately 100 times of the local condition, did not inhibit the germination of conidia. Furthermore, in vitro screening of effective fungicides was conducted. Among the seven tested pesticides, carbendazim showed the best inhibition rate, with an EC(50) (concentration for 50% of maximal effect) value of 2.1 mg/L. Propiconazole also showed sufficient inhibitory effects against F. avenaceum, with an EC(50) value of 2.6 mg/L. The study provides insights into the newly identified causal agent of wheat FHB in Tibet, China, as well as first pathogen characteristics and promising candidate substances for its management
The larval gut of <i>Spodoptera frugiperda </i>harbours culturable bacteria with metabolic versatility after insecticide exposure
No full textSpodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) poses a substantial risk to crops worldwide, resulting in considerable economic damage. The gut microbiota of insects plays crucial roles in digestion, nutrition, immunity, growth and, sometimes, the degradation of insecticides. The current study examines the effect of synthetic insecticides on the gut microbiome of third instar S. frugiperda larvae using both culture-dependent techniques and 16S rRNA gene sequencing for bacterial community profiling and diversity analysis. In untreated larvae, the sequencing approach revealed a diverse microbiome dominated by the phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota, with key genera including Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium and Pelomonas. In parallel, 323 bacterial strains were isolated and assigned to the orders Bacillales, Burkholderiales, Enterobacterales, Flavobacteriales, Lactobacillales, Micrococcales, Neisseriaies, Pseudomonadales, Sphingobacteriales and Xanthomonadales. The prevailing culturable species included Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella variicola and Enterobacter quasiroggenkampii. Treatment with sublethal concentrations of three insecticides (broflanilide, spinosad and indoxacarb) caused significant changes in gut microbiome diversity and composition. Treated larvae showed a shift towards increased Proteobacteria abundance and decreased Firmicutes. Specifically, Acinetobacter and Rhodococcus were dominant in treated samples. Functional predictions highlighted significant metabolic versatility involving nutrient processing, immune response, detoxification, xenobiotic metabolism, and stress response, suggesting microbial adaptation to insecticide exposure. Network correlation analysis highlighted disrupted microbial interactions and altered community structures under insecticide treatment. These findings enhance our understanding of how insecticides impact the gut microbiota in S. frugiperda and may inform future strategies for managing pest resistance through microbiome-based approaches.</p
Analysis of how dry-hot wind hazard has changed for winter wheat in the Huang-huai-hai plain
No full textPrimary mesenchymal chondrosarcoma with bilateral kidney invasion and calcification in renal pelvis: A case report and review of the literature
No full textMesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MC) is a rare malignant cartilaginous forming tumor. MC of the kidney is extremely rare, with only seven cases reported in the literature. The present study described the case of a 17-year-old male, who presented with sudden severe pain in the right flank and a high fever. Imaging studies demonstrated a large soft heterogeneous mass (7.8x9.5x15 cm) located between the liver and right kidney with no clear demarcation, and a well-demarcated mass (1.3x2.4 cm) with patchy dense calcification occupying the left renal pelvis. Following the diagnosis of a Wilms' tumor, the patient underwent a right radical nephrectomy and the pathological diagnosis was MC of the kidney. To the best of our knowledge, the current study presents the first case of MC with bilateral kidney invasion and calcification in the renal pelvis. In addition, the clinical, radiological and pathological features, and the management of this unusual neoplasm were discussed.National Natural Science Foundation of China [81101922]; Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province of China [A2012584, A2013606]; Science and Technology Development Fund Project of Shenzhen [JCYJ20130402114702124]; fund of Guangdong Key medical subjectSCI(E)[email protected]; [email protected]
Synthesis, characterization, and memory performance of two phenazine/triphenylamine-based organic small molecules through donor-acceptor design
No full textTwo organic small molecule memory materials, TPA-2BIPs and TPA-3BIPs, containing triphenylamine (TPA) as a donor and 4,11-bis((triisopropylsilyl)ethynyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]phenazine (BIP) units as acceptors have been synthesized and characterized. Sandwich-structure memory devices based on these two molecules have been fabricated and the as-fabricated devices displayed similar switching behavior but different ON/OFF ratios. The analysis of AFM images indicates that increasing the numbers of acceptors changes the stacking of molecules in the solid state, which results in different morphology and microstructures in films. Although the switching behavior is not significantly different with increasing acceptor moieties, more acceptor groups do help to enhance the stacking of the molecules in the solid state to generate more consistent switching performance
Electrically controlled electron transfer and resistance switching in reduced graphene oxide noncovalently functionalized with thionine
No full textWe demonstrate the electrically controlled electron transfer of thionine-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO-th) in the form of a homogeneous solution and films. The electron transfer can be realized in a bidirectional way, which provides a method to control the electronic properties of graphene through pi-pi noncovalent functionalization. Based on the aforementioned controllable electron transfer between graphene sheets and thionine, resistance random access memories with a configuration of Pt/rGO-th/Pt were fabricated and show nonvolatile resistive switching with a large ON/OFF ratio of more than 10(4), fast switching speed of <5 ns, long retention time of over 10(5) s and excellent endurance. Furthermore, the reverse electron transfer between thionine and rGO as well as the resistive switching mechanism of the Pt/rGO-th/Pt devices were confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculation.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000306708700037&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Chemistry, PhysicalMaterials Science, MultidisciplinarySCI(E)EI16ARTICLE3216422-164302
Data_Sheet_1_Biological characterization and in vitro fungicide screenings of a new causal agent of wheat Fusarium head blight in Tibet, China.DOCX
No full textWheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important cereal crop, widely grown throughout the temperate zones, and also suitable for cultivation at higher elevations. Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a highly destructive disease of wheat throughout the globe. In July 2020, serious wheat FHB symptoms were observed in open fields located in Linzhi City, southeast of Tibet, China. The causal agent was identified as Fusarium avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc. by amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1α) gene, and RNA polymerase II subunit (RPB-2) gene, as well as by morphological characterization. Koch’s postulates were confirmed by a pathogenicity test on healthy spikes, including re-isolation and identification. To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. avenaceum causing FHB on wheat in Tibet, China. Moreover, to determine pathogen characteristics that may be useful for future disease management, the utilization of different carbon and nitrogen resources, temperature, light, and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on mycelium growth and conidia germination were studied. Soluble starch and peptone were the best carbon, and nitrogen source for the pathogen respectively. The optimal temperatures for the pathogen’s mycelium growth and conidia germination were 15–20°C, matching the average temperature during the growing season in Linzhi (Tibet). Meanwhile, alternating 8-h light and 16-h dark was shown to be conducive to mycelia growth, and complete darkness facilitated conidia germination. In addition, UV Irradiation of 48 MJ/cm2, approximately 100 times of the local condition, did not inhibit the germination of conidia. Furthermore, in vitro screening of effective fungicides was conducted. Among the seven tested pesticides, carbendazim showed the best inhibition rate, with an EC50 (concentration for 50% of maximal effect) value of 2.1 mg/L. Propiconazole also showed sufficient inhibitory effects against F. avenaceum, with an EC50 value of 2.6 mg/L. The study provides insights into the newly identified causal agent of wheat FHB in Tibet, China, as well as first pathogen characteristics and promising candidate substances for its management.</p
