1,720,953 research outputs found
Improving Simulation-Based and Formal Verification Techniques by Automatic High-Level Design Intent and Invariant Extractions
No full text在此論文之中，我們建構了一個開放原始碼暫存器轉換階層(RTL)的架構－QuteRTL，在暫存器轉換階層的合成與驗證相關研究裡，它能作為一個前端處理器。使用者可以利用此架構解析出暫存器轉換階層的Verilog硬體設計，獲得此設計的控制與資料流程圖(CDFG)，並且得到高層次的設計資訊(例如:有限狀態機)，此外亦可利用QuteRTL合成出階層或展平式的邏輯電路，隨後與邏輯合成最佳化工具(例如:Berkeley ABC)搭配可得到最佳化後的邏輯電路。有許多的研究機會因QuteRTL而變的可行，諸如暫存器轉換階層的偵錯、解法器、設計抽象化…等。另外與開放源的邏輯合成最佳化工具搭配，可形成一個完整且開放源的暫存器轉換階層合成至最佳化邏輯電路工具組。在QuteRTL的架構下，我們進一步的提出系統化且健全的高階設計資訊萃取演算法，進而自動化地萃取資訊並應用在改善暫存器轉換階層的模擬與正規驗證上。
在幫助改善模擬驗證方面，本論文提出一套自動產生目標限制方程式的演算法技術，此技術能自動化地產生簡潔有效用的限制方程式來引導隨機測試向量的產生過程。在隨機向量的產生過程之中，設計者人工地撰寫測試環境與限制式為最花費時間且易錯的步驟，本技術目的即是為了改善此驗證瓶頸而生。我們自動化此耗時易錯的步驟，因而大大地降低設計者在人工撰寫測試限制式的重擔。我們實驗此技術在眾多不同設計之中，結果佐證了此技術在模擬時間與驗證完整度上皆能夠比隨機測試向量與設計者自行撰寫的測試向量還為優良。
另一方面，在改善正規驗證上，本論文提出了一套與驗證命題相關的循序不變量萃取演算法，並利用萃取出的不變量幫助改善歸納式證明演算(UMC)的效益。藉由分析驗證命題的組成述部，我們可以找出與其相關的有限狀態機與計數器，進而快速地找出相關的循序不變量，由於此不變量與欲驗證命題具有高度的關連性，往往能夠大大地幫助此命題的歸納證明。在傳統式歸納證法(induction-based UMC)之中，我們萃取出的不變量精練了歸納前提(inductive hypothesis)；在內插式歸納證法(interpolation-based UMC)，此不變量改善了可到達狀態集合的內差精準度。實驗結果顯示在大多數的證明命題中，我們所提出的技術勝過許多先進的證明解法器，特別在困難的證明命題更有顯著的效益。In the dissertation, we build an open source RTL framework, QuteRTL, which can serves as a front-end for the researches in RTL synthesis and verification. Users can use our framework to read in RTL Verilog designs, obtain CDFGs, extract high-level design information (e.g. FSM), generate hierarchical or flattened gate-level netlists, and link with logic synthesis tools (e.g. Berkeley ABC). Various research opportunities will be made possible by this framework, such as RTL debugging, word-level formal engines, design abstraction, and a complete open-source RTL-to-gate tool chain, etc. In addition, we also devise systematic and robust algorithms that can automatically extract high level design intents from complex RTL Designs, and then utilize them to assist both simulation and formal verification.
For simulation, we proposed an Automatic Target Constraint Generation (ATCG) technique to automatically generate compact and high-quality constraints for the guided random simulation environment. Our objective is to tackle the biggest bottleneck of the entire constrained random simulation process ─ the time-consuming and error-prone manual testbench composition process. The proposed approach alleviates the users’ burden in manually writing constraints for the constrained random simulation environment. Our experimental results show that ATCG can outperform both directed and random simulations in both coverage and simulation runtime for a variety of designs.
For formal verification, we propose a property-specific sequential invariant extraction algorithm to improve the performance of the SAT-based unbounded modeling checkers (UMCs). By analyzing the property-related predicates and their corresponding high-level design constructs such as FSMs and counters, we can quickly identify the sequential invariants that are useful in improving the property proving capabilities. We utilize these sequential invariants to refine the inductive hypothesis in induction-based UMCs, and to improve the accuracy of reachable state approximation in interpolation-based UMCs. The experimental results show that our tool can outperform a state-of-the-art UMC in most cases, especially for the difficult true properties
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
