24 research outputs found
DETERMINATION OF PHARMACOKINETIC PARAMETERS FROM DISTRIBUTION STUDY FOLLOWING DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A SENSITIVE LC-MS METHOD IN TISSUE MATRICES FOR 2-(4-ETHOXYPHENYLSULPHONAMIDO) PENTANEDIAMIDE, AN INVESTIGATIONAL ANTICANCER AGENT
No full textObjective: The aim of this study was to develop and validate bioanalytical methods for estimation of 2-(4-ethoxyphenyl sulphamido) pentanediamide (PC), an investigational anticancer agent, in various organ/tissue matrices to study various Pharmacokinetic parameters using lC-MS.
Methods: Freshly prepared tissue homogenates from Sprague-Dawley rats were used as matrices to develop the bioanalytical method in lC-MS to determine Cmax, Tmax, AUC0-t, AUC0-inf, T1/2, and mean Residence Time (MRT). The distribution study was conducted by administering PC orally to Sprague-Dawley rats and quantifying PC in different excised organs at different points. A non-compartmental analysis was done using ‘PK solver’ software.
Results: In all the tissue matrices, the concentrations of PC were found in the linear range of 10 to 5000 ng/ml. High level of precision, accuracy, and recovery, with negligible matrix effects, were found. PC was distributed in all tissues except the brain. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as Tmax and MRT were between 1.11±0.12 to 2.33±0.11 h and 2.17±0.16 to 4.01±0.25 h respectively in the liver, lung, heart, spleen, kidney, and thymus.
Conclusion: Simple and sensitive lC-MS methods for PC in different tissue matrices were developed and validated. As PC does not cross Blood Brain Barrier (BBB), it will not adversely affect Central Nervous System (CNS). PC is absorbed fast from Gastro Intestinal Tract (GIT) to blood and subsequently reaches the different tissues. Consequently, a fast onset of action will be seen. To sum up, PC is a probable potential anticancer agent with no or minimal adverse effects on CNS
Evaluation of the Effect of Ethephon in Postharvest Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
No full textAims: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of applying ethephon on postharvest tomato.
Study Design: Completely Randomized Design (CRD).
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Applied Food Science and Nutrition, Department of Food Processing and Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Technology of Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong, Bangladesh. It was conducted for a period of six months from 1st January, 2018 to 30th June, 2018.
Methodology: TSS (Total Soluble Solid) was determined by using hand refractometer, proximate composition by standard AOAC method, vitamin C and β-carotene by UV-spectrophotometric method, sodium and potassium by flame photometric method, titratable acidity, calcium and magnesium by titremetric method. To compare differences in control and treated group, significant difference was considered at the level of P<0.05.
Results: Ethephon treated tomatoes ripen quickly with attractive surface color and had shorter shelf life than non-treated tomatoes (control). Physico-chemical properties including total soluble solid and titratable acidity increased significantly (P<0.05) in treated group (4.66±0.57°B; 0.32±0.01% respectively) than control (3.33±0.57°B; 0.28±0.01% respectively). Moisture content also significantly (P<0.05) increased in ethephon treated tomato (94.15±0.27g/100g) than non-treated (85.54±0.23g/100g). But significantly lower amount of carbohydrate, ash, crude fiber were observed in artificially ripened tomato by ethephon (2.5±0.45g/100g; 0.51±0.02g/100g; 0.82±0.03g/100g respectively) than naturally ripened (3.7±0.26g/100g; 0.59±0.01g/100g; 0.90±0.01g/100g respectively). Apparently protein and fat content were found insignificantly less amount in artificially ripened tomato by ethephon. The significant lowest concentration of vitamin C and β-carotene were observed in ethephon ripened tomato (16.65±0.01mg/100g; 413.33±1.15μg/100g respectively). Mineral contents of ethephon treated tomato (Na 3.65±0.47mg/100g; K 199±1.00mg/100g; Ca 4.75±0.07mg/100g; Mg 8.57±0.19mg/100g) found significantly (P<0.05) fewer amounts than control tomato (Na 3.96±0.01mg/100g; K 213.67±0.57 mg/100g; Ca 5.57±0.15mg/100g; Mg 9.96±0.04mg/100g).
Conclusion: Application of ethephon on postharvest tomato hastens ripening time and physico-chemical properties but reduces shelf life and nutritive value of tomato
Preclinical evaluation of drug in adhesive type ondansetron loaded transdermal therapeutic systems
No full textEffect of natural sweeteners on the physicochemical, nutritional, sensory, and microbiological properties of carrot-coconut gel pudding
Get PDFThe market for sugar-reduced products is expanding rapidly due to increasing health awareness among consumers and advancements in sweetener technology. Consumers are actively seeking to reduce sugar intake, making sugar the primary ingredient targeted for reduction. Consequently, products labeled as "no added sugar," "sugar-free," or "low sugar" are gaining considerable popularity. Manufacturers are therefore developing innovative formulations to overcome challenges related to taste, texture, and consumer acceptability, ensuring the commercial viability of sugar-replaced gel puddings. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing refined sugar with natural sweeteners, dates, and honey, on carrot–coconut gel pudding. Seven formulations were prepared: a sugar-based control (S), honey-based samples (H1: 90g, H2: 80g, H3: 70g), and date-based samples (D1: 90g, D2: 80g, D3: 70g). Physicochemical properties, proximate composition, energy content, sensory attributes, and microbiological quality were analyzed. The results revealed that sample D1 (90g dates) exhibited the highest levels of crude fiber (12.88 ± 0.005%), vitamin A (30.85 ± 0.05 RAE/g), protein (4.12 ± 0.03%), fat (10.20 ± 0.00%), calcium (2.98 ± 0.02 mg/g), potassium (2.83 ± 0.02 mg/g), and sodium (68.90 ± 0.02 mg/g) among all formulations. In contrast, the sugar-based control demonstrated the highest energy value and overall sensory acceptability. No yeast or mold growth was detected in any sample during seven days of storage, while microbial load was comparatively higher in the control sample. Although sugar-based pudding exhibited higher energy content and acceptability, the date- and honey-based puddings-particularly the formulation containing 90g dates-offered significantly improved nutritional quality. These findings support the potential use of dates and honey as natural sweeteners for the development of healthier functional desserts.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 15(2): 30-38, Dec 202
BIOANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF 2-(4-ETHOXYPHENYL SULPHONAMIDO) PENTANE-DIAMIDE, A NOVEL ANTITUMOR AND ANTIANGIOGENIC AGENT, IN RAT SERUM AND APPLICATION OF THE METHOD IN DETERMINATION OF PHARMACOKINETIC PARAMETERS
No full textObjective: The present study focuses on the development and validation of a bioanalytical method for the quantification of 2-(4-ethoxyphenyl sulphamido) pentane-diamide, a candidate antitumor and antiangiogenic agent, in rat serum. The developed method was subsequently applied to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of the compound.
Methods: To quantify the compound and determine its pharmacokinetic properties in rats, a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) bioanalytical method has been developed and the pharmacokinetic parameters were computed by compartmental model analysis.
Results: A linear relationship was detected within the concentration range of 10 to 5000 ng/ml prepared by adding standard solutions of the test compound to the pooled serum of 10 SD rats, which exhibits high levels of precision, accuracy, and reproducibility. An appreciable recovery in the range of 97.20±0.63 to 93.22±1.48 percent was determined, with no noticeable impact from the matrix. The pharmacokinetic parameters, namely oral absorption rate constant (Ka) (5.054±0.238 1/h), elimination rate constant (KE) (2.585±0.357 h), volume of distribution (V) (8.173±0.333 L/kg), and bioavailability of (73.2%), were determined by the utilization of PK-solver software.
Conclusion: We developed a simple yet precise and validated LC-MS method to analyze the drug candidate in rat serum. Simple protein precipitation and extraction were cost-effective. This bioanalytical approach was successful due to its good linearity, high recoveries, no matrix influence, and matrix stability. PK solver derived I. V. and oral pharmacokinetics parameters from the best-fit one-compartment model. Because of its high oral absorption, biological half-life, and bioavailability, the compound is suitable for oral administration
Antioxidant Activity and Bioactive Compounds of Fruits Available in Bangladesh
Get PDFBackground: The complex problems of different chronic degenerative diseases are spreading in human health across the globe. To combat this problem, fruits are the effective gear proved by many epidemiological studies. The aim of the study was to determine the antioxidant activity and three bioactive compounds like total flavonoids, total polyphenols and total anthocyanins in 23 species of fruits available in Bangladeshi market. Methods: Antioxidant activity (AOA) and bioactive compounds of fruits were determined by UV-visible spectroscopy. Antioxidant activity was undertaken by DPPH scavenging assay, total polyphenol content (TPC) was measured by folin-ciocalteu method and total flavonoid content (TFC) content was measured by aluminium chloride colorimetric method. Results: Among 23 species of fruits, AOA was higher in Katajamin (303 mg/100 g) followed by Dragon Fruits (171 mg/100 g), Guava (131 mg/100 g), Bael (130 mg/100 g) and average value was 125 mg/100 g of extract. TPC was varied from 10 to 305 mg GAE/100 g and average value was 87 mg GAE/100 g. Mango (305 mg GAE/100 g) showed higher TPC, followed by Pome Granate (222 mg GAE/100 g), Apple (207 mg GAE/100 g), Katajamin (141 mg GAE/100 g) and Bael (130 mg GAE/100 g). Again, TFC was ranged from Ashari (063.94 mg QE/g) to Tomato (8413.69 mg QE/g) and the average TFC was 37 mg QE/g. In addition, total anthocyanin content (TAC) was highest in Mango (1423.46 mg TA/100 g) and lower in Ashari (020.74 mg TA/100 g). There was a significant correlation (p?0.05) between antioxidant activity and bioactive compounds and among the bioactive compounds. Conclusion: Important messages from this study are, majority of the rare fruits are the important sources of antioxidant and bioactive compounds which helps to reduce the risk of chronic degenerative diseases and can be used in food processing industry for nutraceutical product development
Characterization of Probiotic Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Yoghurt Available in Bangladesh
Get PDFYoghurt is the common fermented dairy product consumed worldwide and it is considered a potential source of probiotic bacteria (Lactobacilli and Lactococci). To assess the in-vitro probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Lactobacillus plantarum species isolated from yoghurt sold in different local markets of Chittagong region in Bangladesh were examined by morphological characteristics and biochemical tests. In the preliminary test, all isolates were grown well at acidic pH (pH 3-5) while the optimum growth temperature was 37°C and better growth was observed in the presence of 1-8% NaCl concentrations. In addition, the selected isolates were able to survive up to 3% bile salt concentrations while the best tolerance was at 1% bile salt. The strains successfully inhibited the growth of common pathogenic bacteria likely Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella Paratyphi, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis examined by in vitro growth inhibition test. Most of the isolated strains exhibited resistance pattern against ten commonly used antibiotics in foodborne illness in the country. However, the strains in yoghurt sold at Chittagong city have ideal probiotic characteristics and this fermented dairy product could be a potential source of human probiotic bacteria
Physiochemical and Microbiological Analysis of Drinking Water in Chattogram City, Bangladesh
No full textChattogram is the second most populated city in Bangladesh. This port city faces a serious threat mainly due to the lack of safe drinking water. This study was conducted for determining drinking water quality of groundwater sources in Chattogram city. The study was performed in the BCSIR laboratory, Chattogram. It was carried out for a period of six months from 1st July, 2018 to 31th December, 2018. Total six water samples were collected from three different locations (Baluchora, C&B colony and Khulshi area). Each sampling location consists of two separate sampling points. Physicochemical parameters of the collected samples like Temperature, pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total dissolved solid (TDS), Hardness, Turbidity and concentration of Cl, As, Mn, Fe, Pb, Cr and Cd were examined. Microbial parameters like Total Coliform (TC) were also measured. All the analyzed parameters compared with BSTI and WHO drinking water quality standards to understand the overall ground water quality status of the study area. The results reveal that water samples in almost all locations were contaminated with microbial contamination and that the range of physico-chemical parameters was not adequate for consumption. Preliminary treatments like boiling, filtering etc are required before using groundwater for drinking and the necessary measures must be taken for a safe alternative source of drinking water
