1,720,953 research outputs found
MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF OBESITY-DRIVEN CARCINOGENESIS : IMPLICATIONS FOR SKIN CANCER AND MULTIPLE MYELOMA
No full textThesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University. Pharmacology and Toxicology-Environmental Toxicology - Doctor of Philosophy, 2025The National Cancer Institute defines cancer as a disease characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of cells that can invade and spread to other parts of the body. In 2022, around 20 million new cancer cases were recorded worldwide, and estimates indicate this figure may increase to 29.9 million in 2040. The etiology of cancer is multifactorial and afflicts many tissue types, causing millions of deaths worldwide. Therefore, it is imperative to develop novel drugs for both prevention and treatment. Obesity is a risk factor for several types of cancer, including breast, prostate, and colon cancer and contributes to disease progression. However, the influence of obesity on the development of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), the most common type of cancer, remains unclear. The first objective of this dissertation is to understand how obesity may contribute to the development of NMSC, specifically the transformation of benign actinic keratosis into potentially invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. RNA-Seq analysis of a cell line identified Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) as a potential target of adipocyte-secreted factors in keratinocytes that support growth. Immunohistochemistry staining of lesional skin biopsies revealed that ANGPTL4 is linked to the early stages of NMSC development, with high levels expressed in actinic keratosis and cutaneous squamous carcinoma in situ. The protein was absent in the keratinocytes within the invasive squamous cell carcinoma, suggesting the early role of this protein in NMSC development. These data suggest that targeting ANGPTL4 may offer a novel therapy for preventing the progress of NMSC. Additionally, patients with high ANGPTL4 levels or those with obesity may represent a critical demographic for risk assessment and therapeutic intervention. The second objective of this dissertation is to identify novel compounds that could be developed into drugs for multiple myeloma. Multiple myeloma is a cancer associated with obesity that is currently incurable because patients become refractory to treatments. Through a phenotypic and target-based screening approach, some compounds were identified that can be optimized for the treatment of multiple myeloma. The first compound, MSU-43222, proved effective against dexamethasone-resistant multiple myeloma cell lines, with low toxicity observed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The second group of compounds, which were GPR68 inhibitors (OGM1, R, and R17 significantly decreased the viability of human multiple myeloma cell lines (MM.1S cells). They also induced the expression of ferroptosis-related genes (ATF4, CHAC1, and SLC7A11) and increased lipid peroxide levels in MM.1S cells. These GPR68 inhibitors provide an alternative approach to targeting apoptosis-resistant multiple myeloma patients. Overall, this thesis reveals promising approaches for therapeutic interventions in preventing and treating obesity-related cancers, including NMSC and multiple myeloma.Description based on online resource. Title from PDF t.p. (Michigan State University Fedora Repository, viewed ).Includes bibliographical references
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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