1,720,969 research outputs found
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cardiovascular disease
No full textThe omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3) (Figure 1) are naturally occurring fatty acids found in high amounts in seafood especially fatty fish (e.g. salmon, herring, sardines, mackerel, tuna). These fatty acids are also found in fish oil supplements. In the 1960s and 1970s it was observed that Greenland Inuits, native Alaskans and the inhabitants of Okinawa, Japan, had a much reduced risk of developing coronary artery disease compared to ‘western’ populations1-4 and that this was associated with a diet rich in n-3 PUFAs. Thus, the ‘cardioprotective’ hypothesis related to n-3 PUFA consumption was engendered. Much research has been carried out in the intervening years on the beneficial effects of consuming n-3 PUFAs. Here we review the data from epidemiological and interventional studies as well as mechanistic studies on the actions of dietary n-3 PUFAs in the cardiovascular system
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The anti-inflammatory effects of the n-3PUFA, eicosapentaenoic acid, reveal a new and essential regulatory step in neutrophil migration across endothelial cells that requires prostaglandin-D2
No full textThe dietary n-3 PUFA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is thought to be anti-inflammatory. However, data on its ability to regulate leukocyte recruitment by vascular endothelial cells (EC) is scant. Here, primary human EC were treated with EPA for 24h prior to stimulation with TNF- and assessment of neutrophil recruitment in a flow-based assay. At levels achievable by dietary supplementation, EPA dose-dependently decreased migration of neutrophils through the EC without inhibiting their stable adhesion to the surface, a process requiring initial CXC chemokine derived signals that were unaffected by EPA. Inhibition could be replicated using inhibitors of cycloxygenase (COX-)1 and 2, while in the presence of EPA, neutrophil migration could be reconstituted by addition of arachidonic acid (AA) during the period of cytokine stimulation. These results strongly imply a role for COX generated eicosanoids in neutrophil trans-migration. Treating neutrophils with the prostaglandin-D2 [PGD2] receptor antagonist, BW868C, also dose-dependently inhibited neutrophil migration across TNF stimulated EC. Conversely, perfusion of PGD2 (derived from AA) but not PGD3 (derived from EPA) across neutrophils bound to EPA-treated EC induced them to migrate normally. Thus we describe a new PGD2-dependent step in neutrophil migration acting down stream of chemokine activation which is inhibited by EPA. Funded by the BBSRC and BHF
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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