1,721,009 research outputs found
Aquaporin-6 expression in rat gastrointestinal tract is upregulated by feeding
No full textBackground: Some aquaporins have been identified and partially
characterized in the gastrointestinal tract suggesting their
involvement in fluid and small solutes movements. Here we
studied the presence and localization of aquaporin-6 in some
regions of the rat gastrointestinal tract, given its peculiar function
as an ion selective channel.
Materials and methods: The aquaporin-6 expression along the
gastrointestinal tract was investigated by RT-PCR and immunoblotting,
while its localization by in situ hybridization and
immunohistochemistry. The effect of feeding on the aquaporin-
6 mRNA expression was investigated by quantitative real
time RT-PCR.
Results: RT-PCR and immunoblotting experiments showed
that aquaporin-6 was expressed in all the investigated portions
of the rat gastrointestinal tract. Immunoblotting analysis of
brush border membrane vesicle preparations showed an intense
signal for aquaporin-6 protein. The results of in situ hybridization
experiments demonstrate that aquaporin-6 transcript is
present in the isthmus, neck and basal regions of the stomach
lining, and throughout the crypt-villus axis in both small and
large intestine. In the latter regions, immunohistochemistry
revealed strong aquaporin-6 labelling in the apical membrane of
the surface epithelial cells, while weak or no labelling was
observed in the crypt cells. In the stomach, an intense staining
was observed in mucous neck cells and lower signal in principal
cells and some parietal cells. In addition, jejunal mRNA expression
was specifically stimulated by feeding.
Conclusions: This study provides evidence for the aquaporin-
6 distribution throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Aquaporin-
6 localization at the apical membranes of the superficial epithelial
cells and its upregulation by feeding in the small intestine
suggest its direct involvement in the absorption of water and
anions
Supplementary_Table_AE-CTD-IP_662018 - Differences in clinical features of acute exacerbation between connective tissue disease-associated interstitial pneumonia and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
No full textSupplementary_Table_AE-CTD-IP_662018 for Differences in clinical features of acute exacerbation between connective tissue disease-associated interstitial pneumonia and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by Noriyuki Enomoto, Yoshiyuki Oyama, Yasunori Enomoto, Hideki Yasui, Masato Karayama, Masato Kono, Hironao Hozumi, Yuzo Suzuki, Kazuki Furuhashi, Tomoyuki Fujisawa, Naoki Inui, Yutaro Nakamura, and Takafumi Suda in Chronic Respiratory Disease</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Structural determinants in the bulk heterojunction
Full text linkPhotovoltaics is one of the key areas in renewable energy research with remarkable progress made every year. Here we consider the case of a photoactive material and study its structural composition and the resulting consequences for the fundamental processes driving solar energy conversion. A multiscale approach is used to characterize essential molecular properties of the light-absorbing layer. A selection of bulk-representative pairs of donor/acceptor molecules is extracted from the molecular dynamics simulation of the bulk heterojunction and analyzed at increasing levels of detail. Significantly increased ground state energies together with an array of additional structural characteristics are identified that all point towards an auxiliary role of the material's structural organization in mediating charge-transfer and -separation. Mechanistic studies of the type presented here can provide important insights into fundamental principles governing solar energy conversion in next-generation photovoltaic devices
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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