1,721,066 research outputs found
Reverse Engineering Techniques for Virtual Reconstruction of Defective Skulls: an Overview of Existing Approaches
No full textThe surgical process adopted to repair cranial defects using an implant, typically called Cranioplasty, has seen an abrupt increase in recent years due to the introduction of Reverse Engineering (RE) and Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques. By adopting these techniques, CT/MRI data can be used to reconstruct, in a pre-operative stage, the 3D anatomy of the defective skull in order to design a patient-specific digital model of the prosthesis. The so-designed cranial plate can be then fabricated via AM, in a suitable metal alloy, and implanted. This allows for a perfect fit of the implant during the actual surgery, reducing the risks for the patient and increasing the efficacy of the treatment. This paper reviews existing approaches for the virtual reconstruction of defective skulls, and a basic classification, proposing four different classes of strategies (Mirroring, Surface Interpolation, Template-Based and Slice-based techniques) is provided. The findings of the study suggest that the reconstruction of skull defects is still an open problem, due to the complexities imposed by surface that needs to be retrieved (i.e. the human anatomy). All the presented approaches share weaknesses and limits, which are discussed in the article. Finally, possible directions to improve the existing techniques are briefly presented
Integrated survey procedures: a methodological approach for documentation and representation applied to Emilia-Romagna theatres
No full textAfter the earthquake that struck the Emilia-Romagna Region in 2012, the need to activate efficient procedures for heritage conservation emerged. This paper presents a procedure for the integrated documentation of cultural heritage, starting from the current evaluation procedures, standards and tools for surveying seismic damage, namely the Form A (churches) and Form B (palaces) forms used by MiBAC (Ministry for Cultural Heritage). By adopting current tools, several information and details related to the historical, geo-morphological, stratified and structural data are lost. Starting from ongoing PhD research coordinated by the DIAPReM Centre of the University of Ferrara in collaboration with the Agenzia per la Ricostruzione dell'Emilia-Romagna-Sisma 2012, this contribution aims to deepen integrated survey procedures and management of digital tools. This contribution presents the overall methodological approach and a possible application on the Teatro Borgatti in Cento, Ferrara. Therefore, analysing the current scenario and State of the Art, a preliminary assessment of multilevel interpretation of damaged heritage will be illustrated as well as a possible management of seismic risk developing an interoperable and integrated BIM platform
Towards a Cultural Ecosystem: Museum Narration Meets Conservation Issues
No full textThis contribution starts from the most recent theories in the field of
communication sciences regarding narrative ecosystems and hypothesizes their
application in the cultural and museum field, creating a sort of “cultural ecosystem”
through the use of ICT. In particular, this study starts analysing an initiative
designed by the National Gallery of London entitled “Jan van Huysum Visits”:
during 2021, the painting “Flowers in a Terracotta Vase” travelled to six different
regions in the UK and it was exhibited in unusual locations, to bring the less
accustomed public closer to visiting museums, also designing recreational activities
related to the artwork, and collaboration with local institutions. Although
virtuous from the point of view of creating truly extended experiences around the
museum collections, these projects risk not keeping in the right mind the theme
of conservation of the artworks, which can be compromised by continuous movements
or exhibitions in places that are not suitable from the microclimatic point
of view. This study presents some applications to propose a practical solution,
replicable and able of combining the conservation needs of works of art with the
new narrative and ecosystemic perspectives that we hope for museum use. This
goal can be achieved using digital technologies, which allow the reproduction of
the physicality of artworks and different insights into diverse content. Referring to
new information architecture and documentation systems, we can develop a new
concept of sustainable digital heritage also creating some ad hoc digital platforms
for the narration of all aspects of conservation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Monitoring and Evaluation of Pietra Serena Decay Adopting NDT Techniques: Application on Building Stones in Situ
No full textDiagnostic investigations are fundamental procedures for the conservation and safeguarding of buildings belonging to the historical-artistic Heritage. In last five years, some corbels placed below balconies and eaves fell in Florentine area. Among the many episodes that have occurred it is important remember the visitor died in Santa Croce Basilica in October 2017, for dropping the ceiling off a stone corbel. To avoid damaging the Cultural Heritage and to protect people safety the Department of Earth Science - University of Florence has developed a new diagnostic approach, adopting fast, inexpensive and reliable techniques [1]. The diagnostic project includes the ultrasonic and Schmidt hammer tests, non-destructive techniques (NDTs) used to investigate the state of conservation of the stone used as an architectural component in the façades. This approach focuses on measurements carried out on Florentine Pietra Serena sandstone corbels of balconies belonging to historical buildings in Florence (Italy) and it is supported by laboratory studies as minero-petrographic analysis. Pietra Serena is a Florentine sandstone used in historical buildings in the Renaissance period and also in XIX century mainly for the balcony’s construction. The aim of this paper is the extension of a study protocol already started on previous artefacts, to investigate the corbels of new Florentine case studies: Pucci-Sansedoni Palace, Rimbotti Palace, Salone delle Feste Palace, Badia Fiesolana monastery and an historical building. The ultrasonic and rebound measurements collected, were inserted in reference database, to fast perceive the Pietra Serena decay, for distinguishing the weak points and unsteady elements, allowing the best intervention to make the stone elements safe and to ensure people safety
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Exploiting CLIP-Based Multi-modal Approach for Artwork Classification and Retrieval
Full text linkGiven the recent advantages in multimodal image pretraining where visual models trained with semantically dense textual super- vision tend to have better generalization capabilities than those trained using categorical attributes or through unsupervised techniques, in this work we investigate how recent CLIP model can be applied in several tasks in artwork domain. We perform exhaustive experiments on the NoisyArt dataset which is a collection of artwork images collected from public resources on the web. On such dataset CLIP achieve impressive results on (zero-shot) classification and promising results in both artwork-to-artwork and description-to-artwork domain
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