126 research outputs found
J Environ Health
No full textThe National Environmental Health Association strives to provide up-to-date and relevant information on environmental health and to build partnerships in the profession. In pursuit of these goals, we feature this column on environmental health services from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in every issue of the |. In these columns, authors from CDC's Water, Food, and Environmental Health Services Branch, as well as guest authors, will share tools, resources, and guidance for environmental health practitioners. The conclusions in these columns are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC. Dr. Tanya Telfair LeBlanc is a senior health scientist/epidemiologist. Dr. Perri Ruckart is a health scientist and team lead. Shannon Omisore serves as a health communication specialist. All work in the Lead Poisoning Prevention and Environmental Health Tracking Branch at CDC.CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States
Copynorms: Norme Sociali e Diritto d’Autore = Copynorms: Social Norms and Copyright
No full textIl presente studio prende le mosse dalla constatazione che la legge non è l’unico strumento capace di regolare il comportamento delle persone. Le condotte individuali, infatti, sono molto più frequentemente influenzate da una serie di regole informali e da regolarità comportamentali – le norme sociali – che con la legge interagiscono continuamente e che sono in grado di determinare una serie di dinamiche di moderazione o di contrasto del controllo esclusivo derivante dalla legge sulla proprietà intellettuale.
L’obiettivo principale di questo elaborato è quello di indagare il ruolo ricoperto dalle norme sociali nel contesto generale della proprietà intellettuale. Particolare attenzione è rivolta nei confronti di quelle regole sociali che distinguono i comportamenti accettabili da quelli non tollerati in materia di copia, distribuzione ed utilizzo delle opere dell’ingegno – le c.d. copynorms – con l’ulteriore obiettivo di analizzare l’effetto che tali norme esplicano nei confronti del contesto particolare del diritto d’autore.
Un terzo obiettivo consta nell’esame approfondito di una delle ipotesi in cui la discrepanza tra il dettato legislativo e quanto considerato socialmente e moralmente accettabile è maggiore: si tratta del file-sharing illegale, cioè lo scambio non autorizzato attraverso la rete internet di materiale protetto da copyright. La legge sul diritto d’autore proibisce tale pratica sociale di copia e distribuzione, mentre le copynorms la sostengono ed autorizzano, rendendo difficile convincere le persone a comportarsi in maniera conforme alla legge. Stante l’inefficacia delle tradizionali strategie deterrenti, sono prospettate alcune possibili soluzioni di tipo adattivo e persuasivo, volte a modificare le attuali copynorms in una direzione maggiormente a sostegno del diritto d’autore. Solo in questo modo pare possibile riallineare il contenuto legislativo con quello normativo e quindi sperare in un contenimento effettivo del fenomeno del file-sharing non autorizzato.
Il perseguimento di tali obiettivi, attraverso la chiave di lettura delle norme sociali e del progresso tecnologico, rende necessario il ricorso ad un approccio interdisciplinare, capace di avvalersi del sapere di scienze quali il diritto, la sociologia, la psicologia comportamentale, l’analisi economica del diritto e l’informatica.
Human behavior is not shaped by law alone. People are often far more influenced by informal rules and behavioral regularities – collectively mentioned as social norms – that interacts with the legal rules in many important ways, supporting, undermining, or substituting for law.
The main purpose of this essay was to investigate the role played by social norms in the general context of intellectual property. The focus was placed on those norms about the copying, distribution and use of expressive works (“copynorms” for short), in order to analyze their effects on copyright law. A further goal was to survey one of the worst cases of copyright law/copynorms divergence, represented by illegal file-sharing, the unauthorized share and distribution of digitally stored expressive works covered by copyright. Copyright law condemn this widespread practice, where copynorms support and authorize it, making difficult persuading people to comply with the law.
Thus far, efforts to change file-sharer’s behavior have focused on using increased enforement and sanctions to deter file-sharers. These deterrence strategies have had limited success, and because of this ineffectiveness this work examines the efficacy of normative strategies, that tries to persuade people that compliance with copyright law is the right thing to do, shaping actual pro-file sharing norms in more copyright-supportive norms, in order to make people more likely to cooperate with copyright owners and on the other hand to comply with copyright law.
The multiple goals of this essay necessitated an interdisciplinary approach, which brought togheter a wide variety of scientific disciplines such as legal science, sociology, behavioral psychology, economic analisys of law and computer science.
Questo paper Copyright © Luglio 2012 Thomas Perri è pubblicato con Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non commerciale - Non opere derivate 3.0 Italia License. Maggiori informazioni circa la licenza all’URL:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/it
Delivery Hour
No full textAnthony\u27s Delivery Hour usually runs like clockwork. Not tonight. His wife went into labor 20 minutes ago. His girlfriend is threatening to leave him if he doesn\u27t meet up. A cocaine buy goes terribly wrong. And if the Nets tank in Game 7, so will Anthony\u27s dream to move his family out of Red Hook Housing.
*Shot in real-time in \u27One Continuous Take\u27, DELIVERY HOUR is a non-stop adrenaline ride through the streets of South Brooklyn to a Manhattan Hospital.
Director: Benjamin Orifici
Cast: Christian Chase, Perri Yaniv, Tashan Muldrow, Diana Aru, Quatis Tarkington, Jeanna Lue, Delaney Smeal, Judith Anna di Donato, Nick Garofola.
Runtime: 1 hr. 8 mins
Genre: Drama, Cinema-Verite
Festivals (Official Selection): Art of Brooklyn Film Festival (2015), China International Film Exhibition (2015), Euro International Film Festival (2016)
Watch on Amazon Prime Video
IMD
How Might Adam Smith Pay Professors Today?
No full textAdam Smith’s proposal for paying professors was intended to induce increased faculty knowledge. If students have imperfect information about what they learn, and universities can only imperfectly measure the input of faculty time in student learning, publications may be used to measure faculty knowledge. If professors’ ability to publish is positively related to their ability to produce student learning, which universities can imperfectly measure, publications may be necessary to attract more able professors. Since research signals faculty knowledge, schools that do not value publications per se could require higher publication standards and pay higher wages than schools that value only publications.
Performance of comprehensive complication index and clavien‐dindo complication scoring system in liver surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma
No full textAnti-VEGF Therapy for Retinal Vein Occlusions
No full textRetinal vein occlusion (RVO) is the second most common cause of visual loss in the Western World. RVO is usually classified into branch RVO (BRVO) and central RVO (CRVO) according to the anatomical site of the vascular occlusion. The pathogenesis of RVO is not yet fully understood, however an important event is the intraluminal thrombus formation, which is usually secondary to several conditions such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and thrombophilia. The blockage of venous circulation causes an elevation of intraluminal pressure in the capillaries, leading to hemorrhages and leakage of fluid within the retina, increase of interstitial pressure and a consequent reduction of retinal perfusion. Ischemia may develop resulting in secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that causes further vascular leakage and retinal oedema. VEGF has therefore a leading role in RVO pathogenesis and symptoms. As a consequence use of anti-VEGF agents by intravitreal injections has become very common with the aim to improve the clinical outcomes in these patients. Currently 2 anti-VEGF agents (ranimizumab and aflibercept) have been FDA (Food and Drug Administration) and EMA (European Medicine Agency) approved for the treatment of RVO, while another VEGF inhibitor (bevacizumab) is often used “off-label” in clinical practice. Many treatment regimens have been suggested in the clinical trials with these drugs, as monthly injections or injections when needed, however the ideal regimen has not been defined yet. We conducted a systematic review searching MEDLINE for the following terms: retinal vein occlusion, ranibizumab, bevacizumab, aflibercept, vascular endothelial growth factor, macular oedema. Data were extracted by one author (AG and BE) and checked by a second (BPM, CC). Aim of this article was to review available data for each drug, focusing on their efficacy and safety trying to compare their advantages and limits
A “Ghoulish Jamboree”: The Not-So-Jewish Jewish Funeral of Mob Boss Bessie Starkman
No full textBessie Starkman (1890-1930), along with her lover Rocco Perri, was one of the most notorious crime bosses in 1920s Canada. When unknown thugs murdered the forty-year-old at her Hamilton, Ontario home, Canada’s underworld lost one of its most powerful figures, and according to one writer “the only Jewish woman who ever commanded an Italian mob.” Focused on the couple’s criminality and Starkman’s 1930 murder, scholars have generally sidestepped exploration of her Jewish identity and background. Indeed, in 2005, author Robin Rowland declared simply that when the wife and mother ran off with the Italian Catholic Perri, she “abandoned her husband, children, and Jewish faith”; almost every subsequent source on Starkman has quoted or paraphrased this assertion. The notion that Bessie Starkman “deserted the Jewish faith,” however, requires greater scrutiny, especially as the concept of religious abandonment had consequences regarding funerary ritual and interment. Unlike other works that describe Starkman’s extravagant funeral to emphasize her celebrity, Perri’s husbandly devotion, or the occasion’s cultural/religious pluralism, this article examines Starkman’s funeral and burial specifically through a Jewish lens and highlights the cultural and religious tension that surrounded these rites. Thanks largely to Perri, there were two major features that conformed to Jewish custom, notably the rabbi officiant and Starkman’s burial in Hamilton’s Orthodox Jewish cemetery. But the simple Jewish funeral that prioritized the dignity, privacy, and purity of the body clashed with Perri’s explicit desire for a spectacle, one marked by crowds, adulation, and opulence. Ultimately, Starkman’s public funeral, as one observer noted, became a “ghoulish jamboree.”Bessie Starkman (1889-1930), avec son amant Rocco Perri, était l’un des chefs du crime les plus notoires du Canada des années 1920. Lorsque des inconnus ont assassiné la quadragénaire à son domicile de Hamilton, en Ontario, le crime organisé canadien a perdu l’une de ses figures les plus puissantes et, selon un auteur, « la seule femme juive à avoir jamais commandé un groupe mafieux italien ». En s’attardant sur ce couple criminel et sur le meurtre de Starkman en 1930, les chercheur.e.s ont généralement évité la prise en compte de son identité et de ses origines juives. En effet, en 2005, l’auteur Robin Rowland déclare simplement que lorsque l’épouse et mère s’est enfuie avec le catholique italien Perri, elle « a abandonné son mari, ses enfants et sa foi juive » et presque toutes les sources ultérieures sur Starkman ont cité ou paraphrasé cette affirmation. L’idée selon laquelle Bessie Starkman « a abandonné la foi juive » mérite cependant un examen plus approfondi, d’autant plus que le concept d’abandon religieux a eu des conséquences en matière de rituels funéraires et d’inhumation. Contrairement à d’autres ouvrages qui décrivent les funérailles extravagantes de Starkman pour souligner sa célébrité, le dévouement conjugal de Perri ou le pluralisme culturel/religieux de l’évènement, cet article examine les funérailles et l’enterrement de Starkman à travers une lentille juive et met en évidence les tensions culturelles/religieuses qui en découlent. C’est notamment en grande partie grâce à Perri que deux éléments majeurs étaient conformes à la coutume juive, notamment la présence du rabbin pour officier la cérémonie et l’enterrement de Starkman au cimetière juif orthodoxe de Hamilton. Mais la simplicité des funérailles juives, qui privilégient la dignité, l’intimité et la pureté du corps se heurtaient au désir explicite de Perri d’un spectacle marqué par la foule, l’adulation et l’opulence. En fin de compte, les funérailles publiques de Starkman, comme l’a noté un observateur, sont devenues un « jamboree macabre »
Invited Article: Complex vibrational susceptibility by interferometric Fourier transform stimulated Raman scattering
No full textWe introduce interferometric (I) Fourier-transform (FT) stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) to measure the complex nonlinear vibrational susceptibility of molecules. The technique is a simple variation of FT-SRS, which was previously demonstrated to combine the very high sensitivity of single-channel lock-in detection with the spectral resolution afforded by FT spectroscopy. In IFT-SRS, a local oscillator, temporally anticipated with respect to the broadband pump pulse, enables the interferometric detection of both real and imaginary parts of the nonlinear susceptibility, whose spectrum is recorded in the time domain by scanning the delay of the local oscillator using a birefringent common-path interferometer. We apply IFT-SRS to record the complex vibrational response of different solvents and their mixtures. (C) 2018 Author(s)
What are the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on non-profit organizations (NPOs)
No full textNPOs are institutions that operate for the benefit of the public (City of Vancouver, 2020). These support vulnerable community members by assessing local needs, providing shelter, delivering mental health services, and distributing goods such as food, clothing, and supplies. As future psychiatric nurses, we will refer clients to these much-needed services. However, if NPOs are closed or services are reduced, many individuals will lack adequate community support. Thus, it is important to determine how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted NPOs. To combat financial difficulties, NPOs should advocate for adequate funding and access financial support programs offered by foundations and governments. They should further engage in financial analysis and planning to re-establish stable income. In addition, publicly-owned facilities may be used to reduce costs. To meet operational challenges, NPOs should continue to adapt their services and fundraisers online (Conway et al., 2020; Hernadez, 2020; Perri et al., 2020). Vital in-person supports such as walk-in programs, harm reduction sites, and shelters may continue if NPOs are able to maintain social distancing and provide sufficient PPE. NPOs should address workforce barriers by providing clear guidance and training on health and safety protocols to staff and volunteers, including information on burnout, safe staffing ratios, and transition to online work. As well, mental health support for staff should be provided. This poster was presented at the Douglas College Student Research Day 2022 on April 15, 2022.Not peer reviewedStudent Research Day Poster (2022
Corrigendum to “Challenges in the clinical interpretation of small de novo copy number variants in neurodevelopmental disorders” [Gene 706 (2019) 162–171](S037811191930469X)(10.1016/j.gene.2019.05.007)
No full textThe authors regret that the original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake in the affiliation of Paola Visconti. The amended version in the author list is shown above. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused
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