49,838 research outputs found

    Fuzzy Auto-Associative Neural Networks for Principal Component Extraction of Noisy Data

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    In this paper, we propose a fuzzy auto-associative neural network for principal component extraction. The objective function is based on reconstructing the inputs from the corresponding outputs of the auto-associative neural network. Unlike the traditional approaches, the proposed criterion is a fuzzy mean squared error.We prove that the proposed objective function is an appropriate fuzzy formulation of auto-associative neural network for principal component extraction. Simulations are given to show the performances of the proposed neural networks in comparison with the existing method

    Evaluating the Collaborative Ecosystem for an Innovation-Driven Economy: A Systems Analysis and Case Study of Science Parks

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    National policies for science parks and innovation have been identified as one of the major driving forces for the innovation-driven economy, especially for publicly funded science parks. To investigate this collaborative ecosystem (government-academia-industry) for growth and sustainable development, this paper proposes a nation-wide economic impact analysis of science parks and innovation policy based on historical data drawn from one of the globally recognized high-technology industrial clusters in Taiwan. Systems thinking with causal loop analysis are adopted to improve our understanding of the collaborative ecosystem with science park policies. First, from a holistic viewpoint, the role of government in a science parks and innovation ecosystem is reviewed. A systems analysis of an innovation-driven economy with a science park policy is presented as a strategy map for policy implementers. Second, the added economic value and employment of the benchmarked science parks is evaluated from a long range perspective. Third, the concepts of government-academia-industry collaboration and policies to innovation ecosystem are introduced while addressing the measures and performance of innovation and applied R&D in the science parks. We conclude with a discussion of lessons learned and the policy implications of science park development and an innovation ecosystem

    Why Yang-Mills theories?

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    The elucidation of the gauge principle ``is the most pressing problem in current philosophy of physics" Redhead. This paper argues two points that contribute to this elucidation in the context of Yang-Mills theories. 1) Yang-Mills theories, including quantum electrodynamics, form a class. They should be interpreted together. To focus on electrodynamics is a mistake. 2) The essential role of gauge and BRST surplus is to provide a local theory that can be quantized and would be equivalent to the quantization of the non-local reduced theory

    Hybos psilus Yang & Yang 1987

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    13. Hybos psilus Yang & Yang, 1987 Hybos psilus Yang & Yang, 1987: 167. Type locality: China: Tibet, Bomi. Distribution. China (Tibet). Remarks. This species was described by Yang & Yang (1987) from 3 males collected in Tibet. Its female is still unknown. It can be separated from H. pallidus and H. liupanshanus by the following characters: arista bare; hind tibia with 1 dorsal seta at middle; pterostigma indistinct (Yang & Yang 2004, figs 368–369).Published as part of Li, Zhu, Wang, Ning & Yang, Ding, 2014, New species of Hybos Meigen from Northwest China (Diptera: Empidoidea, Hybotinae), pp. 166-180 in Zootaxa 3786 (2) on page 175, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3786.2.5, http://zenodo.org/record/22962

    Bei cui can de sheng ming: du mu ju ji.

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    一齊向內轉 -- 被摧殘的生命 -- 孤島之夜 -- 寧静的江南.楊揚著.Yang Yang zhu.Yi qi xiang nei zhuan -- Bei cui can de sheng ming -- Gu dao zhi qiu -- Ning jing de jiang nan

    Centenario della nascita di Chen Ning Yang

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    La biografia scientifica di Chen Ning Yang in occasione del suo centesimo compleann
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