7,423 research outputs found
Synthesis, sintering behavior and electrical properties of Ba(Zr0.1Ce0.7Y0.2) O3-delta and Ba(Zr0.1Ce0.7Y0.1Yb0.1)O3-delta proton conductors
No full textPerovskite-type Ba(Zr0.1Ce0.7Y0.2)O3-delta (BZCY) and Ba(Zr0.1Ce0.7Yb0.1)O3-delta (BZCYYb) proton conductor powders were synthesized by a novel solid-liquid composite method. The resultant powders were characterized by XRD, SEM, XRF, BET and particle size distribution (PSD) analysis. High-purity, single-phase and slightly aggregated powders with a particle size smaller than 400 nm were obtained by using polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as the surfactant and calcining at 1150 degrees C once. The sintering behavior and ionic conductivity of the sintered BZCY and BZCYYb powders were studied and compared with each other. The results indicated that the sintering behavior of BZCY was inhibited after introducing 10 mol% Yb, which was manifested as hindered grain growth, a delayed sintering process and an increase in densification temperature from 1400 degrees C to 1500 degrees C. Conductivity results showed that the conductivities of BZCY were determined to be 0.80 x 10(-2) Scm(-1), 0.97 x 10(-2) Scm(-1) and 1.21 x 10(-2) Scm(-1) in air, H-2 and wet H-2, respectively, at 600 degrees C. After doping with 10 mol% Yb, the value increased to 1.41 x 10(-2) Scm(-1), 1.63 x 10(-2) Scm(-1) and 2.14 x 10(-2) Scm(-1) in air, H-2 and wet H-2, respectively. Both BZCY and BZCYYb displayed mixed ionic conductivity and the proton conductivities were higher than their oxygen-ion conductivities and were improved after introducing 3 vol% H2O. These trends observed for the conductivities of the powders were explained. Finally, the oxygen-ion conductivities of BZCY and BZCYYb were compared with GDC, 8YSZ and 10Sc1CeSZ. The results indicate that the BZCY and BZCYYb are excellent low-temperature proton and oxygen ion mixed conductors. (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved
Establishment Of Cell Suspension Culture Of Melastoma Malabathricum L. For The Production Of Anthocyanin.
No full textKultur kalus yang diinisiasi daripada eksplan daun aseptik dan dikultur dalam medium pejal MS + 1 mg/L BA + 6 mg/L NAA + 30 g/L sukrosa adalah stabil dan menghasilkan indeks pertumbuhan 8 selepas 26 kitar subkultur.
Callus culture initiated from the aseptic leaf explants and maintained on solidified MS medium + 1 mg/L BA + 6 mg/L NAA + 30 g/L sucrose was stable and produced an average growth index of 8 after 26 subculture cycles
Space charge enhanced tunneling currents in manganites
No full textCurrent-voltage characteristics I(V) with a tunneling character have been observed in selected ("electroresistive") ceramic manganites R(1-x)A(x)MnO(3) (R=La, Y: A=Ca, Ba). In this contribution, an I(V) model calculation based on spin-dependent transfer and a bipolar serial array of grains containing deGennes magnetic states are presented. The basic elements of the characteristic are so recovered, including its magnetic field (H) dependence, which in turn allows one to identify this array with a series of spin-dependent tunneling diodes connected in opposition. Besides, we find that the tunneling currents are only significant under space charge bending of the bands near the boundaries, that the electrochemical potential becomes H-field sensitive because of the spin-dependent electron state bandwidth b cos(q(H)/2) and that any slight randomness in the magnetic system will lead to hysteresis effects in the tunneling characteristic. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Boundary Algebra: A Simpler Approach to Boolean Algebra and the Sentential Connectives
No full textBoundary algebra [BA] is a algebra of type , and a simplified notation for Spencer-Brown’s (1969) primary algebra. The syntax of the primary arithmetic [PA] consists of two atoms, () and the blank page, concatenation, and enclosure between ‘(‘ and ‘)’, denoting the primitive notion of distinction. Inserting letters denoting, indifferently, the presence or absence of () into a PA formula yields a BA formula. The BA axioms are A1: ()()= (), and A2: “(()) [abbreviated ‘⊥’] may be written or erased at will,” implying (⊥)=(). The repeated application of A1 and A2 simplifies any PA formula to either () or ⊥. The basis for BA is B1: abc=bca (concatenation commutes & associates); B2, ⊥a=a (BA has a lower bound, ⊥); B3, (a)a=() (BA is a complemented lattice); and B4, (ba)a=(b)a (implies that BA is a distributive lattice). BA has two intended models: (1) the Boolean algebra 2 with base set B={(),⊥}, such that () ⇔ 1 [dually 0], (a) ⇔ a′, and ab ⇔ a∪b [a∩b]; and (2) sentential logic, such that () ⇔ true [false], (a) ⇔ ~a, and ab ⇔ a∨b [a∧b]. BA is a self-dual notation, facilitates a calculational style of proof, and simplifies clausal reasoning and Quine’s truth value analysis. BA resembles C.S. Peirce’s graphical logic, the symbolic logics of Leibniz and W.E. Johnson, the 2 notation of Byrne (1946), and the Boolean term schemata of Quine (1982).Boundary algebra; boundary logic; primary algebra; primary arithmetic; Boolean algebra; calculation proof; G. Spencer-Brown; C.S. Peirce; existential graphs
Evolution of octupole correlations in Ba-123
No full textHigh-spin states of Ba-123 have been studied via the Cd-108(F-19,3np)Ba-123 fusion-evaporation reaction at a beam energy of 90 MeV. Several E1 transitions linking the positive-parity nu(d(5/2) + g(7/2)) band and negative-parity nu h(11/2) band are observed in 123Ba for the first time. Evidence for the existence of octupole correlations in Ba-123 is presented based on the systematic comparisons of the B(E1)/B(E2) branching ratios and the energy displacements in odd-A Ba isotopes. The characteristics of octupole correlation in the odd-A Ba-123,Ba-125 are explained by the state-of-the-art multidimensionally-constrained relativistic mean-field model and cluster model based on the dinuclear system concept.Natural Science Foundation of China [11175003, 11235001, 11335002, 11320101004, 11375015, 11375017, 11120101005, 11275248, 11525524, J1103206]; Chinese Major State Basic Research Development Program [2013CB834400]; NEWFELPRO project of the Ministry of Science, Croatia; Marie Curie FP7-PEOPLE-COFUND program; CAS Fellowship for Young International Scientists [2013Y1JA0003]; Russian Government Subsidy Program of the Competitive Growth of Kazan Federal University; HPC Cluster of SKLTP/ITP-CASSCI(E)[email protected]; [email protected]
A comparative study of immune system based genetic algorithms in dynamic environments
No full textCopyright @ 2006 ACMDiversity and memory are two major mechanisms used in biology to keep the adaptability of organisms in the ever-changing environment in nature. These mechanisms can be integrated into genetic algorithms to enhance their performance for problem optimization in dynamic environments. This paper investigates several GAs inspired by the ideas of biological immune system and transformation schemes for dynamic optimization problems. An aligned transformation operator is proposed and combined to the immune system based genetic algorithm to deal with dynamic environments. Using a series of systematically constructed dynamic test problems, experiments are carried out to compare several immune system based genetic algorithms, including the proposed one, and two standard genetic algorithms enhanced with memory and random immigrants respectively. The experimental results validate the efficiency of the proposed aligned transformation and corresponding immune system based genetic algorithm in dynamic environments
ERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIHAK BANK TERHADAP KEBOCORAN DATA NASABAH AKIBAT PERBUATAN MELAWAN HUKUM YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH BANK YANG MENGAKIBATKAN KERUGIAN BAGI NASABAH
No full textBa nk merupakan lembaga keuangan yang berperan sebagai perantara
keuangan masyarakat dan yang mampu mendorong perekonomian masyarakat.
Hubungan nasabah dengan bank adalah hubungan yang diawali dengan
kepercayaan nasabah terhadap bank dan kemudian mengikatkan diri dalam suatu
perja nj ia n. Di dunia perbankan dikenal dengan perjanjian baku, artinya bank
me ne nt uka n klausula perjanjian ter te nt u ya ng ke mud ia n nasaba h ha nya diber i
kebebasan untuk menyetujui atau tidak menyetujui. Posisi demikian, me nj ad ikan
keduduka n nasaba h sa nga t la h le ma h. Sehingga sangat dimungkinkan adanya hakhak
nasaba h ya ng dila ngga r. Kas us pe mboc ora n data nas aba h ole h pihak ba nk
ada la h sa la h sa t u ha l ya ng me nar ik unt uk diba ha s karena pihak bank memilik i
otoritas yang sangat besar dalam hal mempergunakan data nasabah sehingga
otoritas tersebut perlu untuk dibatasi.
Rumusan masalah dalam penulisan skr ip s i ini adalah bagaimana bentuk
perlindungan hukum terhadap nasabah yang dirugikan akibat adanya kebocoran
data ya ng d ilakuka n o le h pihak bank, bagaimana bentuk pertanggungjawaban
pihak perbankan jika terjadi kebocoran data yang dilakukan oleh bank yang
mengakibatkan kerugian bagi nasabah dan upaya apakah yang harus dilakukan
oleh nasabah jika nasabah dirugikan atas kebocoran data yang dilakukan oleh
pihak bank.
Tujuan dalam penulisan skrips i ini terdiri dari unt uk mengetahui dan
memahami mengenai perlindungan hukum terhadap nasabah yang dirugikan
akibat perbuatan melawan hukum oleh bank; untuk mengetahui dan memahami
bentuk pertanggung jawaban pihak bank terhadap nasabah yang dirugikan akibat
perbuatan melawan hukum oleh bank; da n unt uk mengetahui dan memahami
upaya yang dilakukan oleh nasabah yang dirugikan dalam kebocoran data akibat
perbuatan melawan hukum oleh bank.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan skripsi ini adalah
yur id is no r ma t if serta menggunakan pendekatan Undang-Undang dan pendekatan Konsept ua l. Bahan hukum yang digunakan dalam penulisan skripsi ini adalah
bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunde r da n ba ha n non hukum. Ba ha n non
hukum yang digunakan adalah mengambil data dari internet dan melakukan
wawancara dengan Bank Indonesia Kantor Cabang Jember. Metode analisis yang
digunakan adalah deskriptif normatif.
Hasil pe nelitian menuj ukka n bentuk perlindungan terhadap data nasabah
adalah Peraturan Bank Indonesia Nomor: 7/6/Pbi/2005 tentang Transparansi
Informasi Produk Bank dan Penggunaan Data Pribadi Nasabah. Tanggung jawab
Ba nk terhadap kerugian yang diderita nasabah bersifat intern dan ekstern. Artinya
bank bertanggung jawab pada pegawainya yang melakukan pembocoran data,
namun disisi lain bank juga bertanggung jawab terhadap nasabah yang dirugikan
tersebut. Upa ya ya ng da pat dilakuka n ole h nasaba h ya ng dir ugika n ole h pihak
bank akibat kebocoran data adalah me lakuka n pengaduan terhadap bank yang
bersangkutan, apabila pengaduan tersebut tidak membuahkan hasil maka nasabah
dapat memohon untuk dilakukan mediasi perbankan. Apabila dengan jalan
tersebut bank dan nasabah tidak menemui titik temu maka nasabah dapat
me ngaj uka n gugat a n di Pengadila n Ne ger i ataupun BPSK (Badan Penyelesaian
Sengketa Konsumen).
Saran ya ng diberikan adalah diperlukan suatu peraturan perundangundangan
yang
memberikan
kepastian
hukum
bagi
nasabah
secara
umum,
mengingat dalam Undang-Unda ng Perba nka n da ta nasaba h ya ng waj ib
dirahasiakan adalah data nasabah deposan sehingga hal ini masih belum bisa
diberlakukan secara umum bagi semua jenis nasabah, pihak perbankan perlu
meningkatkan pengawasan terhadap penggunaan data pribadi nasabah. Ba nk
seha r us nya kooperatif dalam menangani dan menyelesaikan pengaduan nasabah
MAKNA HARF AL-JAR الباء (AL-BA’) PADA SURAH ALI-IMRAN (Suatu Tinjauan Semantik)
No full textSkripsi ini membahas tentang makna h}arf al-ja>rr الباء (al-ba’) dalam al-Qur’an terkhusus pada surah ali-Imran. penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis makna-makna h}arf alja> r الباء (al-ba’) pada surah ali-Imran. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif karena pada penelitian ini penulis hanya memaparkan dan mendeskripsikan suatu fenomena. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang penulis gunakan adalah metode simak yang dijabarkan melalui teknik catat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ayat yang menggunakan harf al-jar الباء (al-ba’) dalam surah ali-Imran yaitu 86 ayat yang masing-masing terbagi dalam beberapa makna harf al-jar الباء (al-ba’) yaitu: Bermakna التعدي ة (mengganti/transitif), الاستعانة (alat bantu), bermakna السببية (sebab), bermakna المصاحبة (berteman/sama), bermakna الظرفية (keterangan), bermakna المقابل ة (imbalan), bermakna المجاوزة (melampaui/tentang), bermakna الاستعلاء (di atas/terhadap), bermakna الغاية (ke/kepada), bermakna Sebagai tambahan yang masuk pada maf’ul ( الزائدة المفعول ) dan bermakna sebagai tambahan yang masuk pada khabar ( .(الزائدة الخبر Berdasarkan pada hasil penelitian yang telah penulis jabarkan di atas, menunjukkan bahwa dari 14 makna harf al-jar الباء (al-ba’) tidak semua makna terdapat dalam surah ali-Imran melainkan hanya beberapa makna
Effects of BA on the proliferation and apoptosis of HeLa cells.
No full text<p>(A) Effect of BA towards Hela cells as determined by the MTT assay. Cells were treated with concentrations of BA (0 µmol/L, 15 µmol/L, 30 µmol/L, 50 µmol/L) for indicated time (24 h, 48 h, 72 h). The values for each BA concentration tested represent mean of three experiments, datas are presented as mean average ± SD; **<i>p</i><0.01 compared with the control group (0 µmol/L BA). (B) Hoechst 33258-staining of HeLa cells treated with 15 µmol/L, 30 µmol/L BA. Red arrows indicate several apoptotic cells with typical condensation of chromatin.</p
High tunability (Ba,Sr)TiO3 thin films on atomic layer deposited buffer layers for Si integration
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