897 research outputs found
The political role of the people's liberation army 1949-1973
No full textThis thesis is to study the political role of the People's Liberation Army from the approach of structure and function. The framework of the thesis consists of three major parts, first, the influence of Chinese traditional political culture on, and the formation of, the political role of the PL A; second, the influence of domestic political struggles and external military conflicts on the development of the political role of the PLA; and the third, the analysis of the transition of the PLA's political role from the structure and personnel arrangements of the CCPCC Within the above-mentioned three scopes, this thesis make a thorough discussion on the following: (1) The relationship between the structure of the PRC and the formation of the PLA's political role; (2) How has ideology influenced the army's political role; (3) What is Mao's viewpoint and his influence on the development of the army's political role; (4) What is the link between the army and the party, and how has this developed; (6) What accounts for the expansion of the PLA's political functions; (7) What is the influence of political factional struggles on the PLA's political role; (8) Is it political institution or military institution that controls the recruitment of the military elite; (9) What are the disparities between the military elite in handling international conflicts and what are their political considerations; (10) What is the Party's position in the army; (11) How have the Party’s important meetings and personnel arrangements influenced the rise and fall of the PLA's political role
A Polymer-Based Capacitive Sensing Array for Normal and Shear Force Measurement
No full textIn this work, we present the development of a polymer-based capacitive sensing array. The proposed device is capable of measuring normal and shear forces, and can be easily realized by using micromachining techniques and flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) technologies. The sensing array consists of a polydimethlysiloxane (PDMS) structure and a FPCB. Each shear sensing element comprises four capacitive sensing cells arranged in a 2 × 2 array, and each capacitive sensing cell has two sensing electrodes and a common floating electrode. The sensing electrodes as well as the metal interconnect for signal scanning are implemented on the FPCB, while the floating electrodes are patterned on the PDMS structure. This design can effectively reduce the complexity of the capacitive structures, and thus makes the device highly manufacturable. The characteristics of the devices with different dimensions were measured and discussed. A scanning circuit was also designed and implemented. The measured maximum sensitivity is 1.67%/mN. The minimum resolvable force is 26 mN measured by the scanning circuit. The capacitance distributions induced by normal and shear forces were also successfully captured by the sensing array
Room-temperature A(1)(TO) and OH- absorption spectra of Zn-doped lithium-niobate crystals
No full textAn adaptive image segmentation algorithm for x-ray quarantine inspection of selected fruits
No full textIndigenization of the western detective fiction (1896-1949) : a new perspective on modernity and the making of a literature = Xi fang zhen tan xiao shuo Zhongguo hua yan jiu (1896-1949) : yi ge ru he xian dai zen yang wen xue wen ti
No full textBefore the Western literary genre of detective fiction was introduced to China through the translations at the end of the 19th century, about crimes and how to solve a crime, pre-modern Chinese literature only had gong’an (legal case) fiction, a genre which focuses on criminal court cases. In 1896, Arthur Conan Doyle’s stories appeared in Chinese, and by the early twentieth century writers had begun publishing a new kind of detective fiction in Chinese, drawing on both the new models from English as well as earlier Chinese styles. Detective fiction is part of the spread of Western studies into China in modern times and a product of cultural and ideological conflict and integration between China and the West. As such, it not only reflects a literary situation, but can also be studied against a broad social and historical backdrop.
The dissertation proposed herein will focus first on the differences between Western detective fiction and Chinese gong’an fiction, then, analyzing what happened to the Western import of detective fiction in modern china and how was it explained, transformed and localized during that time. Most of the previous researches concentrate on representative samples of the most prominent works of Chinese detective fiction, such as Cheng Xiaoqing (1893-1976) and Sun Liaohong’s (?-1958) detective stories. My dissertation, in contrast, will try to build an overall framework of Chinese detective fiction history through lesser known novelists such as He Puzhai(1887-?) and Zeng Xiaoxian( dates unknown).
More importantly, it studies the interaction between Chinese detective fiction and traditional Chinese gong’an fiction. The genre of Chinese detective fiction would not have been born if Western detective fiction had not been translated. While Western detective fiction relies on concepts of individual rights and rule of law, even as Chinese detective fiction adopted and adapted Western narrative techniques, they did not get rid of Chinese gong’an fiction’s core values such as morality, clan ethics, karma, and so on.
So the dissertation seeks to point out the “indigenous” features of the Chinese detective fiction during the late Qing and early republic periods and examine why those Chinese writers chose to reshape detective fiction -an imported literary genre - with these indigenous features. Earlier studies often argue that the “old littérateurs” in modern China, like the Mandarin Ducks and Butterflies School refused to face up to the Western challenge. Analyzing the existing documents and the personal memoirs of Chinese detective novelists, I conclude that most of these writers were in fact well aware of the impact of Western ideologies and intellectual trends on Chinese society. Their preference for the indigenous, therefore, was not a blind choice but a conscious act.
In the context of modern China, unlike the “new literature” authors’ (as led by Lu Xun and Chen Duxiu) positive responses to Western ideas, a number of the Chinese detective novelists saw both the advantage and the threat of certain kinds of Westernization, but still acted as loyal inheritors of Chinese cultural tradition. For example, their detective stories usually end with a set of traditional moral principles that warn against the invasion by Western values, and that support Confucian thoughts. This group of writers treated Western ideas not really as the way to save the nation. Rather, they viewed the “westernization” of the empires with alarm, and resorted to a set of traditional Chinese cultural values for ways of precluding such hegemony.
Their efforts of reshaping detective fiction by this means, I argue, shed a new light on Chinese modernity and literary transformation during that time. That is, Chinese detective fiction in transition from 1896 to 1949 served as an alternative response to modernity from that offered by the now lionized “New Culture Movement”, figured not simply as the great triumph of the West over the Chinese society, but rather suggested a dynamic process of cultural collisions and re-creation, and even provided another perspective on the process of modernity that China underwent from the 19th century onwards.published_or_final_versionChineseDoctoralDoctor of Philosoph
Characterization of spirooxazine and spiropyran hosted in Poly(methyl methacrylate) for germicidal UV source indicator application
No full textAuthor name used in this publication: Tse, Ming-Leung Vincent2013-2014 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishedC
Non-Destructive Quarantine Technique ? Potential Application of Using X-Ray Images to Detect Early Infestations Caused by Oriental Fruit Fly (Bactrocera dorsalis) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Fruit
No full textProteins as markers of TSE infection in sheep blood
No full textTransmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are a group of fatal infectious
neurodegenerative diseases affecting both humans and agricultural animals. TSE
transmission via blood transfusion has been demonstrated experimentally in rodent,
primate and sheep models. Additionally, in humans, four variant Creutzfeld-Jakob
disease (vCJD) cases have been reported which probably resulted from infected blood
transfusions. Although TSEs can be transmitted via blood transfusion, little is known
about which blood cells are involved in the replication of the TSE agent and how
infectivity is spread throughout the body prior to neuroinvasion. There are no currently
validated diagnostic tests for TSE infection in blood.Detection of PK-resistant PrPSc has been extensively used as a biochemical marker for
TSE infectivity. However, when this project was started it was not known if PKresistant
PrPSc was present in TSE-infected sheep blood in sufficient quantities to
explain the infectivity levels shown by bioassay. Following the development of an
optimised Western blot method, this project has demonstrated that the pattern of protein
detected with novel anti-PrP monoclonal antibodies is very different from the
conventional triple banded pattern of PK-resistant PrPSc. High molecular weight bands
were apparent in phosphotungstic acid (NaPTA) concentrated scrapie-infected and
uninfected blood and may represent a novel form of blood-specific PrP. PK-resistant
PrPSc is not therefore a suitable marker for TSE infection in blood.Other proteins in TSE infected blood were also investigated. Using a proteomics
approach three protein markers, lactate dehydrogenase, elongation factor 1 and annexin
1 had altered expression patterns in scrapie infected blood. These proteins, in addition
to the novel forms of PrP found in blood, may provide new information on the
mechanisms of pathogenesis in scrapie-infected sheep and might prove to be useful
molecular indicators of diagnostic value
Studies on the Enhancement of Chilling Tolerance of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Seedlings by Overexpression of Glutathione Reductase from Marine Macroalga Ulva fasciata Delile
No full textThe purpose of this study is to construct the gene of glutathione reductase (UfGr) of marine macroalga Ulva fascitat Delile following with GFP gene in Agrobacterium Ti vector and transformed to Oryza sativa L. cv. Tainung 67 (TNG67) to test whether overexpression of UfGr could enhance stress tolerance (low temperature and salt stress) in rice seedlings. The GFP green fluorescence and GR activity showed there are 3 transgenic lines, OE-UfGR-1, OE-UfGR-3, and OE-UfGR-16. Using 4-leaf age seedlings, OE-UfGR-1 is tolerant to low temperature (4oC) and salt stress (200 mM NaCl), OE-UfGR-3 is tolerant to salt stress, but OE-UfGR-16 did not tolerate low temperature and NaCl stress. The physiological analysis of OE-UfGR-1 to low temperature stress showed that OE-UfGR-1 seedlings maintained higher GR activity and glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio while malondialdehyde (MDA as lipid peroxidation marker) contents are low as compared to wild type. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) of OE-UfGR-1 seedlings was not affected after low temperature stress.It is expected that OE-UfGR-1 seedlings effectively reduce GSSG to GSH and in turn, results in a higher reducing potential for the enhancement of low temperature tolerance.It is needed to be proven in the future. In conclusion, this study shows that overexpression of UfGr could enhance the tolerance of rice seedlings to low temperature stress
Joint Transmitter–Receiver Frequency-Domain Equalization in Generalized Multicarrier Code-Division Multiplexing Systems
No full textJoint transmitter–receiver optimization in generalized multicarrier code-division multiplexing (GMC-CDM) systems is investigated in this paper. The optimization consists of a one-tap post-frequency-domain equalizer (post-FDE) and a one–tap pre-FDE. While the one-tap post-FDE is optimized under the criterion of minimum mean square error (MMSE), the one-tap pre-FDE is achieved through three stages of optimization, which are operated at different levels and motivated to achieve, possibly, different objectives, including maximum throughput and maximum reliability. Specifically, in our three-stage pre-FDE, the first-stage pre-FDE is operated at the symbol level, concerning only the symbols within a group. The second-stage pre-FDE is carried out at the group level for harmonization among the groups. Finally, the third-stage pre-FDE handles group partition. In this paper, the error and throughput performance of the GMC-CDM systems is investigated when assuming communications over frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channels. It can be shown that the reliability or throughput of the GMC-CDM systems can be significantly improved by employment of the proposed pre- and post-FDE schemes. Furthermore, the pre- and post-FDE algorithms obtained can be implemented with high flexibility, which facilitates a GMC-CDM system to achieve a good tradeoff between its throughput and reliability
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