1,721,066 research outputs found
Ecuadorian Englishes: what's behind model preferences?
Get PDFThe continuing emergence of local varieties of English in the Expanding Circle (Bolton, 2012; Sharifian, 2010; Takeshita, 2010; Xu, 2010) raises questions about these English users' orientations toward native English norms and standards, as theories of language use (normativity, Kachru, 1985) and power (hegemony, Phillipson, 1992; Woolard, 1985) predict a shift toward locally-derived norms and standards at the expense of Inner Circle norms and standards when English is used locally. However, it remains to be shown empirically whether or not local English use in the Expanding Circle and a positive orientation toward the local variety entail a negative orientation toward Inner Circle norms and standards. In order to answer this question, this study investigates attitudes of Ecuadorian university English learners toward Inner Circle and local varieties of English, their English use, and factors that affect their orientations.
Results show that despite orienting positively toward the local English variety and using it with other Ecuadorians, participants also oriented positively toward Inner Circle varieties. This finding suggests that orientation toward Inner Circle and local varieties constitutes two distinct constructs. I argue that a consenting consciousness is behind participants' positive view of Inner Circle models, while increasing local English use is behind participants' positive view of the local variety. I conclude that a desire to increase social status leads participants to use English with other Ecuadorians and that a need to maintain solidarity leads participants to localize some English forms when speaking to fellow nationals.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-08-01The student, Colin Anderson, accepted the attached license on 2018-05-07 at 16:53.The student, Colin Anderson, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-05-07 at 17:03.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-05-08 at 15:14.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #12561 on 2018-09-27 at 11:15:32Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-27T16:28:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
ANDERSON-THESIS-2018.pdf: 1790682 bytes, checksum: 7153ac204b79e5eb5610c4c92e468ea6 (MD5)
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Previous issue date: 2018-05-08Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107733
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Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107733
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Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107733
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Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 107733 on 2020-09-28T09:15:27Z
CAF across proficiency levels and profiles: an investigation of ESL student writings in an English placement test
Get PDFThis study was an examination of the predictive value of complexity, accuracy and fluency (CAF) across proficiency levels and profiles in second language writing. 150 ESL essays of international students registered at a North American university were analyzed using various CAF measures. Descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA results indicate that fluency is the strongest indicator of proficiency. Accuracy is also found to distinguish across proficiency levels. Length-based complexity measures are found to better predict proficiency while subordination is found to be a comparatively weak indicator. For lexical complexity, number of different words could better distinguish writers across proficiency levels. When results are analyzed for language profiles, it is found that syntactic complexity and accuracy better distinguish across profiles.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2022-08-01The student, Arzu Avci, accepted the attached license on 2020-07-15 at 12:08.The student, Arzu Avci, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2020-07-15 at 12:24.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2020-07-16 at 18:47.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #15637 on 2020-10-02 at 15:33:38Made available in DSpace on 2020-10-07T22:44:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2020-07-16Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 116245
Lift date: 2022-10-07T22:44:53Z
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
EL LaunchPad: Creating a practical online resource for elementary teachers of English language learners from the educator perspective
Get PDFThe purpose of this project is to develop a practical website for elementary teachers of English learners (ELs). Initial research states ELs are the fastest growing population in k-12 education in the U.S., revealing a need for teacher access to effective materials and a community of support and collaboration. Existing websites are evaluated to assess the gap in features of these resources and how to move forward in website development. In addition, in-service elementary EL teachers are surveyed to establish teacher opinion for an online resource and influence web design and available content. Finally, based on the research phases of the project, a website for teachers that promotes a space for community connection, collaboration, and the sharing of teaching materials is designed, developed and launched: EL LaunchPad.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-12-01The student, Hana Kearfott, accepted the attached license on 2018-12-06 at 21:50.The student, Hana Kearfott, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-12-06 at 21:59.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-12-10 at 08:38.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13233 on 2019-02-07 at 14:22:56Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-07T20:44:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2018-12-10Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 109869
Lift date: 2021-02-07T20:44:35Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 109869 on 2021-02-08T10:15:25Z
Hardware/Software Interface Synthesis for a Codesign Framework
No full textEmbedded system device driver developing has been identified as one of the most critical tasks in a System-on-Chip (SoC) design cycle. New tools and methodologies are required to improve the quality and development time of device drivers. We proposed a novel technique called “Expert Template” to meet this requirement. We also developed a methodology to co-simulate C/C++ software modules with SystemC derived hardware modules based on open-source tools and codes.
Device driver source codes that are written by human experts are decomposed into extensible markup language (XML) structures. These parameterized structures are later reassembled back into source code form according to programmer specified parameters in XML tags. This tool enables automatic synthesis of device drivers from minimum descriptions. It allows developers to develop device driver from early design stages. Generic device drivers can be ported to various real-time operating systems (RTOS) easily. Our “Expert Template” also reduces the possible human errors in device driver development. The concept of expert template can be extended to reusable intellectual properties (IPs) as well.
In this thesis, we first introduce the electronic system level (ESL) design trend and present our “Expert Template” approach. We then apply this new tool and our co-simulation methodology to realize a JPEG2000 codec design. The result shows that our “Expert Template” approach can improve the quality of source code and reduce the development time of device drivers.Table of Contents
Acknowledgements i
Abstract iii
LIST OF FIGURES vii
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 A Review of Hardware Software Codesign Trend 1
1.2 A Review of Typical SoC Design Flow 6
1.3 A Review of Electronic System Level Design 12
1.4 A Review of Embedded Software 18
1.5 A Hardware Software Codesign Framework Based on SystemC 21
Chapter 2 Interfacing Hardware and Software 27
2.1 Big Gap between Software Function Calls and Hardware Output Signals 27
2.2 Abstraction Levels of Hardware from Software’s Point of View 31
2.2.1 Application Program Interface (API) 32
2.2.2 Device File 33
2.2.3 CPU Instruction Set and Coprocessor 34
2.2.4 Bus Channel 34
2.3 Hardware Software Cosimulation 35
2.4 Related Works 37
2.5 Expert Template : Theory 40
2.5.1 Potential Performance Loss of the Virtual Platform Layer 40
2.5.2 Expert Template 45
2.5.3 Comparison between Expert Template Approach and Others’ 48
2.5.4 Expert Template as a Post-processing Synthesizer 49
Chapter 3 Implementation of the Interface Synthesizer 53
3.1 Altera ARM Excalibur Development Environment 53
3.2 Porting of Real Time Operating Systems 55
3.3 RTOS Enabled Hardware Software Cosimulation Technique based on a Open Source SystemC Engine 63
3.4 A Top-down Successive Refinement Process 69
3.5 Expert Template : Realization 79
Chapter 4 Case Study : JPEG2000 Codec Codesign 87
4.1 Overview of JPEG000 Codec 87
4.2 Performance Analysis 89
4.3 Discrete Wavelet Transform 91
4.4 Interface Generation for DWT 94
4.5 Result 97
Chapter 5 Conclusions and Future Work 99
5.1 Conclusions 99
5.2 Future work 100
REFERENCES 102
APPENDIces 106
APPENDIX A Samlpe eCos Device Driver with XML Tags for Expert Template Tool 10
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The influence of lexical features on human rater's judgement of essay performance on local English Placement Test
Get PDFThis study explored to what extent the prompts may affect lexical features and whether lexical features could distinguish essays that were rated as different proficiency levels in the integrated reading-writing tasks. At the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 262 essays from the English Placement Test (EPT) were collected and holistically scored based on the EPT holistic profile-based rating scales into five profiles across three proficiency levels. Lexical features related to lexical sophistication and lexical diversity were investigated in relation to the profiles and proficiency levels. Lexical sophistication with commonly used words and academic words was measured through a computer program, called RANGE, that could produce the Lexical Frequency Profile (LFP) (Laufer & Nation, 1995). Lexical diversity was measured through five indices, TTR, Maas’s a2 (Mass, 1972), vocd-D (Malvern & Richards, 1997), HD-D (McCarthy & Jarvis, 2007) and MTLD (McCarthy & Jarvis, 2010). The results of this study showed that the prompts affect lexical features significantly, probably because of writers’ familiarity with different topics. Lexical sophistication related to commonly used words and academic words could both be used to significantly distinguish essays across proficiency levels and between profiles. High proficient writers were found to use more infrequent words and more academic words. As for indices measuring lexical diversity, this study indicated that none showed significant differences across proficiency levels or between two profiles. These results indicated that indices related to lexical sophistication may be a good indicator of lexico-grammar features as reflected in the EPT rating scales, while lexical diversity may not be a potential indicator.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2023-05-01The student, Mengjia Zeng, accepted the attached license on 2021-04-19 at 13:07.The student, Mengjia Zeng, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2021-04-19 at 13:08.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2021-04-22 at 14:06.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #16411 on 2021-09-16 at 17:03:59Made available in DSpace on 2021-09-17T02:34:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2021-04-22Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 118540
Lift date: 2023-09-17T02:34:57Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemAuthor requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Onl
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