35 research outputs found
Peran pendekatan multidisiplin dalam peningkatan kualitas tatalaksana kanker di Indonesia
No full text
PENGARUH SUPLEMENTASI EKSTRAK DAUN ANNONA MURICATA TERHADAP KEJADIAN DISPLASIA EPITEL KELENJAR PAYUDARA TIKUS SPRAGUE DAWLEY YANG DIINDUKSI 7, 12 DIMETHYLBENZ[α]ANTHRACENE
No full textBackground: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Annona muricata has long history as an alternative therapy for cancers in society. There has no been scientific literature about the effect of Annona muricata in carcinogenesis induced by 7,12 Dimethylbenz[a]nthracene (DMBA). This study is aimed to investigate the effect of Annona muricata leaves extract suplementation on the dysplasia incidence of mammary glands epithel of Sprague Dawley rats.
Methods: This study utilized randomized post test only control group design. Fifteen rats were divided into 3 groups (K, P I, P II). All groups were induced by DMBA intragastric twice a week for 5 weeks. After having a rest for 3 days post DMBA induction, P I group received Tamoxifen 0.18 mg and P II received Annona muricata leaves extract 200 mg/kg body weight for 8 weeks. The dysplasia
incidence was evaluated based on the percentage of ductal and lobular dysplasia.
Result: The lowest percentage of both dysplasias was on group P II. One way ANNOVA test presented significant differences (p<0.05) with p=0.021. According to Bonferroni post hoc test, there were significant differences between groups K and P II (p=0.027) for lobular dysplasia and between groups P I and P II (p=0.044) for ductal dysplasia.
Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that the Annona muricata leaves extract suplementation can reduce the dysplasia incidence of mammary glands epithel of Sprague Dawley rats induced by DMBA.
Keywords: Dysplasia, Annona muricata, DMBA, Breast cance
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN INJEKSI KETOROLAC INTRAPERITONEAL TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN FRAKTUR KRURIS TIKUS WISTAR DEWASA
No full textBackground: Non-steroidal anti inflamatory drugs (NSAID) have been proven effective for pain management in fracture cases. However, studies had shown that long term usage of NSAID could retard bone healing. Ketorolac, a non-specific NSAID, is one of the most used for analgesic in fracture cases. The recommended maximum duration of its use is 5 days, since usage beyond that is associated with detrimental side effects. It is not yet known whether ketorolac usage for 5 days could impede fracture healing. Objective: To investigate the effects of ketorolac intraperitoneal injection on fracture healing in adult wistar rats Methods: This experiment used post-test only control group design. A sample of 20 adult wistar rats are randomly divided into 2 groups, control and intervention. The subjecs had their right cruris fractured using closed fracturisation technique and given gypsum spalk for external fixation. The control group were fed ad libitum food and water for 21 days. The intervention group were given 5mg/kgBB ketorolac intraperitoneal injection daily for the first 5 days, and fed ad libitum food and water for 21 days. On the 22nd day subjects were terminated with ether-choloform overdose, and the right tibias were harvested for histological assessment, using a modified Allen fracture healing scoring system. Results: The intervention group showed a significant delay in fracture healing with mean callus score of 3.67±0.274, as compared to the control group with mean callus score of 4.38±0.302. Independent t-test showed a significant difference between the 2 groups with p=0.0001. Conclusion: Ketorolac intraperitoneal injection for 5 days could delay fracture healing in adult wistar rats. Keywords: Fracture healing, ketorolac, callu
Adaptive Radiotherapy (ART) versus Non-Adaptive IMRT for Locoregionally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis of Dosimetric Advantages, Clinical Outcomes, and Organ-at-Risk Sparing
No full textBackground: Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is the cornerstone of treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), offering high dose conformity. However, anatomical variations during the multi-week therapy course can compromise dosimetric accuracy. Adaptive radiotherapy (ART), which adjusts the treatment plan based on intra-treatment imaging, aims to mitigate these effects. This meta-analysis synthesized contemporary comparative evidence (2014–2025) on the efficacy and safety of ART versus non-adaptive IMRT in locoregionally advanced NPC.
Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies comparing ART with non-adaptive IMRT (cohorts or hybrid/phantom plan comparisons) in locoregionally advanced NPC. Primary outcomes were locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS) and overall survival (OS); secondary outcomes included progression-free survival (PFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and dosimetric metrics for targets (D98, Conformity Index [CI]) and organs-at-risk (OARs: parotid Dmean, spinal cord Dmax, brainstem Dmax). Hazard Ratios (HR) and Mean Differences (MD) were pooled using random-effects models. Data estimation methods (Tierney, Wan, Cochrane) were employed where necessary. Heterogeneity was assessed using I².
Results: Nine studies (2 cohort, 7 dosimetric/anatomical) involving 362 patients (clinical) and 215 datasets (dosimetric) were included. ART significantly improved LRFS compared to non-adaptive IMRT (pooled HR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.32–0.88; I²=0%). No significant differences were found for OS (HR=0.98, 95% CI 0.64–1.50), PFS (HR=0.70, 95% CI 0.45–1.07), or DMFS (HR=0.88, 95% CI 0.48–1.62). Compared to hybrid/phantom plans, ART significantly enhanced target coverage (pooled PTV D98 MD = 2.15 Gy, 95% CI 1.10–3.20 Gy; I²=78%) and conformity (pooled CI MD = 0.05, 95% CI 0.02–0.08; I²=85%). ART significantly reduced OAR doses: parotid Dmean (pooled MD = -3.50 Gy, 95% CI -4.95 to -2.05 Gy; I²=90%), spinal cord Dmax (pooled MD = -3.95 Gy, 95% CI -5.80 to -2.10 Gy; I²=93%), and brainstem Dmax (pooled MD = -2.75 Gy, 95% CI -4.40 to -1.10 Gy; I²=91%). Dosimetric analyses exhibited high heterogeneity.
Conclusion: ART significantly improves LRFS in locoregionally advanced NPC compared to non-adaptive IMRT. It provides substantial dosimetric advantages, enhancing target coverage and conformity while critically reducing doses to parotid glands, spinal cord, and brainstem. Despite high dosimetric heterogeneity and no demonstrated OS benefit, the improvements in LRFS and dose delivery support the thoughtful implementation of ART
