1,721,011 research outputs found
Editorial: Multiomics approaches in the central nervous system and neuropathies
Full text linkThe field of multiomics is constantly and rapidly evolving, with both well-established
and emerging methodologies increasingly applied to solve complex biological problems
on a computational basis. This systems-level approach spans multiple tissues and has
been used to study the central nervous system (CNS) and associated neuropathies. This
Research Topic of Frontiers in Neuroscience comprises three original research articles
and one mini-review that collectively reflect the dynamic intersection of multiomics
with neurobiology, from epigenetic regulation to seizure modeling and machine learning
integration in brain immunology.
The work by Fang et al. investigated fragile X syndrome (FXS), a neurological
disorder caused by epigenetic silencing of the FMR1 gene, using well-established-omics
methods, such as bisulfite sequencing and ChIP assay, to help identify the factors that
mediate silencing of the FMR1 gene. The authors focused on one of the nine identified
candidate silencing factors, EZH2, and demonstrated that inhibition of EZH2 by a
small molecule inhibitor corrects electrophysiological abnormalities in cultured fragile X
syndrome neurons. Further, in vivo administration of antisense oligonucleotide targeting
EZH2reactivates FMR1 expression in human FXS neural progenitor cells engrafted within
the brains of mice. This study showcased a sophisticated approach of the “dry-to-wet
biology” funnel, where sequencing of the epigenome helped to identify potential target
genes that were verified invitroand invivo.
Popova et al. demonstrate the application of mRNA- and microRNA-seq to analyze
temporal changes in the mouse hippocampus transcriptome after pilocarpine-induced
seizures. The authors characterize the longitudinal molecular changes in the mouse
hippocampus at 1, 8, 36, and 120 hours upon the induction of status epilepticus. The
analysis focused on differentially expressed genes and pathways enriched in the studied
condition, describing major temporal changes in the transcriptome, which was supported
by microRNA changes shown in microRNA-seq. Overall, this study demonstrates a
comprehensive effort to systematically address knowledge gaps in a well-established disease
model condition. Such comprehensive efforts were also performed by Sha
et al. on bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) levels
in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) to study potential regulation of
cellular senescence. While the study itself does not generate new
raw sequencing data, it is a great demonstration of leveraging
publicly available sequencing datasets for discovery. The authors
describe cellular senescence by exploring the activity score of
related genes using AUCell. This, being one of the approaches
to drive senescence parameters from scRNA-seq data, showed
that astrocytes, microglia, and vascular cells are the most active
populations. The authors further constructed a non-coding RNA
regulatory network to explore how the non-coding RNAs (e.g.,
microRNA and long non-coding RNA) can regulate AD-associated
senescence genes.
To summarize recent developments in the -omics field and its
application in brain immunology, Binder et al. review advances
in single-cell data analysis approaches, particularly regarding
autoencoders and graph neural networks. The authors refer to
several classical packages such as Seurat and scanpy, scVI VAE, and
describe the recent advances in foundation models. The last is a
growing trend, focused on “atlas” generation, that serves as a tool
in many ways: whether it is a reference atlas for automated data
annotation and mapping, or the object to analyze itself. The authors
discuss the current shift in the methodology from canonical CPU-
based algorithms to machine learning approaches. While this seems
to be a promising large-scale high-throughput direction, proper
connection between computationally-derived results and biological
reality remains essential.
Together, these four contributions highlight the power of
multiomics to unravel complex disease mechanisms and shape
new directions for neuroscience research. Whether through data
integration across temporal disease modeling or atlas generation,
the field continues to push the boundaries of how we understand
the brain in health and disease. We hope that this Research
Topic inspires further cross-disciplinary collaborations and drives
new research initiatives at the interface of neuroscience and
multiomics technologies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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