3,366 research outputs found
An Interview with Naoki Kasuga
No full textProfessor Naoki Kasuga is the editor of the Anthropology as critique of reality. He has worked at Hitotsubashi University since 2010, when he moved from a position at Osaka University. In many ways Kasuga is a unique figure in Japanese anthropology. He is the author of a series of experimental and highly divergent works, and he was one of the translators of Writing culture into Japanese. This interview weaves together a discussion of Kasuga's own trajectory with a story of some broader transformations in Japanese anthropology that have lead to current explorations of ontology
Energy deposition by weakly interacting massive particles: a comprehensive study
No full textWe present results obtained with the updated version of our code MEDEA2, which includes
all physical processes necessary to study the energy deposition in the surrounding environment
from primary photons and fast leptons produced by dark matter (DM) particle decay/
annihilation. Such interactions now include also Compton scattering of primary photons
off electrons and pair creation of photons on atoms. Our ultimate aim is a thorough study
of the impact of DM annihilations on the thermal and ionization history of the high-redshift
intergalactic medium (IGM) during the dark ages. In addition, a precise determination of the
effects of DM decays/annihilations can help constrain its nature. We present the results for
some selected DM candidates: (i) a 10-GeV bino-like neutralino; (ii) a heavy DM candidate of
rest mass 1 TeV that pair annihilates into muons; and (iii) a 200-GeV wino-like neutralino with
a pair annihilation into W+W− pairs. An interface to DARKSUSY allows us to use the computed
annihilation spectra in input for our code and follow the complete secondary cascade. The
fractional energy depositions into the IGM depend strongly on the DM particle rest mass:
whereas for the 10-GeV particle the absorbed energy fraction, in the redshift range 10 < z < 1000, is ∼ 50 per cent, higher mass candidates deposit their energy less efficiently (∼1–10 per
cent), making their impact on the high-z IGM considerably weaker. Noticeably, our approach
allows us to consistently follow the low-energy deposition of the cascade products, which
can be of interest for a broad range of applications. Finally, we provide both tabulated results
and analytical fits that can be readily implemented in theoretical studies of the effects and
detectability of the most popular DM candidates
The Faintest Galaxies
No full textWe investigate the nature of ultra faint dwarf spheroidal galaxies (UF dSphs) in a general cosmological context, simultaneously accounting for various ``classical'' dSphs and Milky Way (MW) properties, including their metallicity distribution function (MDF). Our model successfully reproduces both the observed [Fe/H]-luminosity relation and the mean MDF of UFs. According to our results, UFs are the living fossils of H2-cooling minihalos formed at z>8.5, i.e. before the end of reionization. They are the oldest and the most dark matter-dominated (M/L>100) dSphs in the MW system, with total masses of M = 107-8 Msolar. The model allows us to interpret the different shapes of UF and classical dSph MDFs along with the frequency of extremely metal-poor stars in these objects. We discuss the ``missing satellites problem'' by comparing UF star formation efficiencies with those derived for minihalos in the Via Lactea simulation
Supplementary_table_1 – Supplemental material for Primary Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma of the Vulva: A Case Study With Mutation Analysis and Literature Review
No full textSupplemental material, Supplementary_table_1 for Primary Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma of the Vulva: A Case Study With Mutation Analysis and Literature Review by Naoki Kojima, Hiroshi Yoshida, Takashi Uehara, Takeshi Ushigusa, Yuka Asami, Kouya Shiraishi and Tomoyasu Kato in International Journal of Surgical Pathology</p
Supplementary_material_and_method_VCCC_final – Supplemental material for Primary Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma of the Vulva: A Case Study With Mutation Analysis and Literature Review
No full textSupplemental material, Supplementary_material_and_method_VCCC_final for Primary Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma of the Vulva: A Case Study With Mutation Analysis and Literature Review by Naoki Kojima, Hiroshi Yoshida, Takashi Uehara, Takeshi Ushigusa, Yuka Asami, Kouya Shiraishi and Tomoyasu Kato in International Journal of Surgical Pathology</p
Supplemental Material, sj-docx-1-ptd-10.1177_08968608221085432 - Serum thymus and activation-regulated chemokine level is associated with the severity of chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-docx-1-ptd-10.1177_08968608221085432 for Serum thymus and activation-regulated chemokine level is associated with the severity of chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis by Takashin Nakayama, , Kohkichi Morimoto, Kiyotaka Uchiyama, Ei Kusahana, Naoki Washida, Tatsuhiko Azegami, Takeshi Kanda, Tadashi Yoshida and Hiroshi Itoh in Peritoneal Dialysis International</p
Supplementary_table_2 – Supplemental material for Primary Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma of the Vulva: A Case Study With Mutation Analysis and Literature Review
No full textSupplemental material, Supplementary_table_2 for Primary Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma of the Vulva: A Case Study With Mutation Analysis and Literature Review by Naoki Kojima, Hiroshi Yoshida, Takashi Uehara, Takeshi Ushigusa, Yuka Asami, Kouya Shiraishi and Tomoyasu Kato in International Journal of Surgical Pathology</p
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PARK2-mediated mitophagy is involved in regulation of HBEC senescence in COPD pathogenesis
No full text© 2015, Saburo Ito, Jun Araya, Yusuke Kurita, Kenji Kobayashi, Naoki Takasaka, Masahiro Yoshida, Hiromichi Hara, Shunsuke Minagawa, Hiroshi Wakui, Satoko Fujii, Jun Kojima, Kenichiro Shimizu, Takanori Numata, Makoto Kawaishi, Makoto Odaka, Toshiaki Morika
Supernova dust formation and the grain growth in the early universe: The critical metallicity for low-mass star formation
No full textWe thank Simone Bianchi for his kind contribution. GC is supported by Research Fellowships of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) for Young Scientists. This work is supported by World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan and in part by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the JSPS Promotion of Science (22684004, 23224004, 23540324, 25287040, 25287050, and 26400223). A part of calculations is performed with COMA at Center for Computational Sciences in University of Tsukuba. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement n. 306476. ML acknowledges the following funding sources: PRIN INAF 2009 ‘Supernova Variety and Nucleosynthesis Yields’, and PRIN MIUR 2010–2011, project ‘The Chemical and dynamical Evolution of the Milky Way and Local Group Galaxies’, prot. 2010LY5N2T.We investigate the condition for the formation of low-mass second-generation stars in the early Universe. It has been proposed that gas cooling by dust thermal emission can trigger fragmentation of a low-metallicity star-forming gas cloud. In order to determine the critical condition in which dust cooling induces the formation of low-mass stars, we follow the thermal evolution of a collapsing cloud by a one-zone semi-analytic collapse model. Earlier studies assume the dust amount in the local Universe, where all refractory elements are depleted on to grains, and/or assume the constant dust amount during gas collapse. In this paper, we employ the models of dust formation and destruction in early supernovae to derive the realistic dust compositions and size distributions for multiple species as the initial conditions of our collapse calculations. We also follow accretion of heavy elements in the gas phase on to dust grains, i.e. grain growth, during gas contraction. We find that grain growth well alters the fragmentation property of the clouds. The critical conditions can be written by the gas metallicity Zcr and the initial depletion efficiency fdep,0 of gas-phase metal on to grains, or dust-to-metal mass ratio, as (Zcr/10-5.5 Z☉) = (fdep,0/0.18)-0.44 with small scatters in the range of Zcr = [0.06-3.2] × 10-5 Z☉. We also show that the initial dust composition and size distribution are important to determine Zcr
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