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(30(4):357-361)Effect of different staking methods on the quality and yield of Dioscorea alata L.
No full text為了探討不同支架型式對於山藥（Dioscorea alata L.）塊根產量及品質之影響，乃舉行本研究。本研究自1979年1月至1980年2月止。依支架型式不同分為高支架（6尺），中支架（4尺半），矮支架（3尺），半弧形支架（3尺）及對照區（黑色塑膠布覆蓋）計有5種處理。玆將研究結果摘述如下：
1. 山藥初期生育受不同支架之影響，各處理間差異大，株高、節數、分蘗數均以半弧形支架（3尺）處理較佳。
2. 支架型式以高支架（6尺）處理對地上部莖葉之乾重量，每株平均比對照（黑色塑膠布覆蓋）處理可增加36%，半弧形支架（3尺）處理增加10%；地下部之塊根產量平均每株高支架（6尺）處理可增加33%，半弧形支架（3尺）處理增加11%，中支架（4.5尺）處理增加2%；由於高支架（6尺）處理有利於塊根之肥大，其他半弧形支架（3尺）及中支架（4尺半）處理亦佳，產量各增加0.154，0.051及0.01kg／株。
3. 以單位面積產量言，高支架（6尺）處理時產量最佳，對地下部塊根產量每公頃比對照（黑色塑膠布覆蓋）可增加33%；且根形，品質均屬最佳，蛋白質含量提高2.83%；其次半弧形支架（3尺）處理可增加11%，根形，品質亦佳，其蛋白質含量亦提高0.83%；其他中支架（4尺半）及矮支架（3尺）處理蛋白質含量均有提高之趨勢。For studying the effect of staking types on the yield and quality of Dioscorea alata L., highΛ-type staking (6 feet), middleΛ-type staking (4.5 feet), IowΛ-type staking (3 feet), arc type staking (3 feet) and control (non-staking) were used. Arc type staking was the best on plant height, no. of internodes and no. of tillages for plant growth stage but was for tuber root growth stage. Staking showed an advantage on plant and tuber root growth by increasing plant dry weight, yield, protein content and Shape of tuber rool. High staking increased 33% (4928 kg/ha) in tuber root yield, 36% in dry weight of upper part, and 2.83% in protein content compared with non-staking. Whereas, arc type staking increased 11% (1632 kg/ha) in tuber root yield, 10% in dry eight of upper part, and 0.83% in protein content compared with non-staking
(28(2):117-123)Effects of diffcrent mulching materials on the quality and yield of Dioscorea alata L.
No full text為了探討不同覆蓋物對於山藥（Dioscorea alata L . ）塊根產量及品質之影響，乃進行本研究，自1977 年1 月至1978 年2 月完成。覆蓋物設有四種處理。茲將研究結果摘述如下：
1. 覆蓋物以黑色塑膠布處理為佳，對地上部莖葉之乾重量，每小區平均比不覆蓋處理可增加261 g，茅草處理增加67 g，稻草處理增加37 g；地下部之塊根收量平均每株黑色塑膠布處理可增加491 g，稻草處理增加219 g，茅草處理增加168 g；由於黑色塑膠布覆蓋有利於塊根之肥大，其他稻草及茅草覆蓋亦佳，收量均有顯著增加。
2. 以單位面積產量言，黑色塑膠布覆蓋時收量最佳，對地下部塊根收量較不覆蓋可增加15,712 kg / ha；且根形、品質均屬最佳；其次稻草覆蓋可增加7,008 kg / ha ，再其次茅草覆蓋可增加5,376 kg / ha；二者之根形、品質亦佳，但其蛋白質含量均有降低之趨勢。
In order to find out the effects of different mulching materials on the quality and yield of Dioscorea alata L., an experiment including four mulching treatments was conducted in Taipei, Taiwan, from Jan. 1977 to Feb. 1978. These four treatments included three different mulching materials, such as rice atraw, black plastic film, and citronella; and the control (without mulching). The experimental results were summa-ringed as follows:
1. Amony four treatments, mulching with black plastic film, showed significantly increasing in dry weight of stem and leaf, by 261.25 gm / plot and of tuberous roots by 491.07 gm / plant.
2. Mulching with black plastic film revealed the highest yield potential on tuberous roots as well as root shape compared with the other treatments however, a relative lower protein content was also found
(29(4):291-299)Effects of plant growth regulators on the yield and quality of Bupleurum falcatum L. plants
No full text供試材料為日本種三島柴胡，以缽栽及田問試驗同時進行，生長調節劑以CCC及SADH各分為3,000, 5,000, 7,000 ppm 單寧酸（TA）分為500, l,000, l,500 ppm 和對照區（摘心）等10處理。以探究該等生長調節劑對抑制柴胡植株地上部生長，促進主根之肥大，減少不定根的發生之效果；藉以提高柴胡根收量及品質。茲將研究結果摘述如下：
缽栽試臉部份：1. 鮮很收量以CCC 5,000 ppm 處理為佳，比對照（摘心）處理可增加1g/plant，亦即可0提高收量14%；但不定根發生多，品質劣化。SADH各種濃度處理對根產量有降低之趨勢，但在Saponin方面，濃度愈低則Saponin 含量愈高。2. 單寧酸濃度高（1,500 ppm ) 時不定根發生少，且可抑制不定很的發生，但收量有減收的傾向；單寧酸濃度低（500 ppm）時對Saponin含量有提高之趨勢，比對照（摘心）處理可增加1.1%。
田間試瞼部份：1. SADH 5,000 ppm濃度處理時對品質及Saponin含量均有提高之趨勢，其Saponin較對照 （摘心）處理可增加2.3%，但收量較低。而在不司CCC濃度處理下對品質、Saponin含量及收量較無效果。 2. 單寧酸濃度低（500 ppm）時，對Saponin含量，色澤，收量均可增大，但不定根較多且無柔軟性；單寧酸濃度高（1,500 ppm）則對品質及Saponin含量有益，但收量較低。
This study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of plant growth regulators on the overgrowth and the occurrence of adventitious roots in Bupleurum falcatum L. plants, in order to improve the yield and quality through promoting the growth of main root. A japanese variety, San-two, was selected for experiments. CCC (2-chioroethyltri methylammonium chloride) and SADH (Succinic acid 2, 2-dimethyl hydrazide) each at concentrations of 3,000, 5,000 and 7,000ppm, and TA (tannic acid) at concentrations of 500, 1,000 and 1, 500ppm were foliar-applied separately four times in both the pot and field experiments with topping as the check treatment.
In pot experiment, CCC (5,000 ppm) increased root yield by 14% but lowered saponin content and produced more adventitious roots. A significant decrease in root production was observed in SADH treatments, however, saponin content was increased when the concentrations were low (3,000 and 5,000 ppm). The application of TA also tended to decreased root yield and saponin content 1.1% higher than the check treatment was recorded at the concentration of 500 ppm.
Compared with topping, all the treatments gave a lower number of adventitious root but also a lower yield per plant in field experiment. on the contrary, saponin concentration was significantly higher in most treatments. Experimental results showed that root yield was correlated positively (at 1% level) with plant height and diameter and length of roots but negatively (at 5% level) with tiller number. Saponin concentration was negatively correlated with plant height, root diameter and yield at significant levels
(25(4):310-314)THE EFFECT OF TOPPING AND MH FOLIAR APPLICATION ON YIELD OF ROOT AND QUALITY IN Bupleurum falcaturn L.
No full text為探討摘心與MH(Maleic hydrazide）處理對於柴胡根產量及品質之影響，舉行本試驗，自1974年8月至1975年7月止。供試材料為日本型柴胡，分七個不同摘心與MH葉面撒布處理。試驗結果摘述如下：1. 摘心對地下部的不定根發生多，品質劣化，但收量增加2.99/plant（表1）。2. MH處理者根收量減少，但MH撒布後可抑制不定根的發生，故品質較好，其中以撒布5,000ppm濃度時，品質為最佳。3. 摘心可提高根中的Saponin含量（表1）。MH處理則相反，其含量有降低之趨勢。
The objectives of this experiment were to find out the effects of topping and MH (maleic hydrazide) application on the quality and root yield of a medicinal plant, Bupleurum falcatum L. The experiment was conducted at Tahshue mountain during the period of August 1974-July 1975. A Japanese variety of Bupleurum falcatum was foliar sprayed with five levels of MH plus topping and no topping treatments.
1. It was observed that the topping treatment resulted in an increase of the indefinite roots which reduced the root quality. Nevertheless, the leaf topping caused to increase the root yield at a level of 2.9 g per plant.
2. Although MH spray resulted in a reduction of root yield, however the root quality became better due to a reduction of the nember of indefinite root. The root quality was found to be the best at 5000ppm of MH concentration.
3. The root saponin content was found to be higher in topping treatment but lower in the MH foliar sprayed plots
(27(4):315-324)Effects of phosphorus and potassium levels and plant spacing on the yield and protein content of Dioscorea alata L.
No full text為了探討磷鉀肥施用量與栽植行距對山藥塊根產量及蛋百質含量之影響，乃舉行木研究。供試材料為山藥(Dfoscorea alata L.)，分磷鉀肥施用量試驗，兩因子磷及鉀，各三平準(0, 50, 100kg/ha)共有9種處理，及不同行距密度試驗，共有4種行距(60, 80, 100, 120cm)處理二部份。此將研究結果摘述如下：
1. 肥料以每公頃施用磷肥50kg及鉀肥100kg(P1K2處理)可增加地上部莖葉乾重量，每公頃平均比P0K0處理，可增加315kg；且對地下部之塊根收量也可增加，平均每公頃可增加9,963kg；由於鉀磷肥均有利於塊根之肥大，故收量有顯著增加。
2. 在每公頃施用磷肥50kg及鉀肥100kg（P1K2處理）之下較不施磷鉀肥者(P0K0)蛋白質含量提高3.3%，因而品質大為提高。
3. 種植行距為60cm時收穫最佳，對地下部塊根收量每公頃比120cm者可增加6,164kg。行距為80cm時比120cm者每公頃可增收5,485kg,，且可提高塊根之蛋白質含量3.27%，行距120cm處理者結果相反，其蛋白質含量有降低之趨勢。為增收塊根且兼顧蛋白質含量時則以種植行距80cm最佳。
The present experiments were aimed at studying the effects of different levels of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilizers as well as different planting densities on the yield and protein content of Dioscorea alata L. a popular medicinal plant.
1. When 50 kg of P and 100kg of K fertilizers were added to the normal level of nitrogen fertilizer (50kg/ha), a marked increase in tuberous roots was observed up to 9,963 kg per hectare and also for dry weight of stem and leaves up to 315 kg per hectare in comparison with those without P and K application.
2. The protein content of tuberous root in the P. and K. applied plot increased 3.3% point in comparison with that of without P. and K. application.
3. It was observed that at 60 cm and 80 cm of spacing between rows resulted in an increase of 6,6164 kg and 5,485 kg per hectare of tuberous root respectively, in comparison of 120 cm spaced plot. Further, protein content was found to be 3.27% point higher in 80 cm spaced plot than that of 120cm spaced plot
(41(1):53-60)Comparisons on the Agronomic Characteristics, Tuber Yield and Quality of Mai-Men-Tung Lines (Ophiopogon spp.)
No full text本試驗利用五種麥門冬品系：57─Ml、57─M2、57─M3、57─M4及57─M5，自民國77年2月起利用分株法定植田間，至78年5月止，於本所進行5個不同生長時期之調查與比較，以探討麥門冬品系間之生長特性、產量及品質之差異。試驗結果如下：
於不同生長時期麥門冬品系間之株高、分蘗數、葉與花之性狀、及塊根之性狀與產量等互有差異，而以57─M4及57─M5二品系在株高、分蘗數、葉長及塊根產量等性狀之表現較為優異。
單株平均塊根乾重以57─M4最高，每公頃收量達9,900kg；57─M5次之，每公頃收量為3,700kg，皆顯著高於其他品系。此外，另參考塊根之礦物質、還原糖及澱粉等成分含量，初步證實57─M4與57─M5應為最具發展潛力之麥門冬品系。
Five lines of mai-men-tung, i. e., 57-Mi, 57-M2, 57-M3, 57-M4, and 57-M5 were compared for their agronomic characteristics and tuber differences to select a higher yield and quality line. Experiment was conducted from 1988 to 1989 at TART. Experimental results indicated that there were significant differences in performances of plant height, tiller number, leaf and flower characteristics and tuber yield measured at five growth durations among lines. Lines of 57-M4 and 57-M5 were superior in plant height, tiller number, and leaf length to other lines. Mean yield of dry tuber of 57-M4(9,900 kg/ha) was the highest, followed by 57-M5(3,700kg/ha). By comparing the measured agronomic characteristics, tuber yield and chemical compositions, it was suggested that 57-M4 and 57-M5 were the most promising lines of mai-men-tung for future research usage
(21(4):280-289)THE EFFECT OF TIMING OF FERTILIZATIONS ON YIELD OF FRESH GRASS AND OIL CONTENT AND QUALITY IN CITRONELLA GRASS
No full text為探求香茅草生育期中適當的三要素肥料施用時期，以提高香茅草之含油率及油品質，舉行本試驗。自民國57年(1968)7月至60年(1971)6月，連續3年。供試材料為本省一般栽培之爪哇型香茅草（Java type citronella grass)，分5個施肥期處理。全年施肥量為N：P2O5：K2O＝120:60：60kg/ha。玆將試驗結果摘述如下：
1. 就香茅草生育特性言，其株高與分蘖數隨香茅草生育而顯著遞增。但在生育中受氣候、施肥期與肥料之影響為最。在嚴冬季節香茅草倍受影響，鮮草收量銳減。
2. 3年中鮮草收量以第2年為最多，而3年總收量（表2）則以（B）處理（N, P2O5及K2O肥料分三份在7月中旬，10月中第一割及2月中第二割後分別施用）為最高，有顯著增產之效，而以(c)處理（P2O5及K2O肥料分三份，施法同(B)，N肥以1/2施於7月中旬，餘1/2分三份，於每次收割前2個月施用）為最低，其他處理問鮮草量差異不顯著，表示鮮草量受各種不同施肥期之影響，氮肥分次在收割後立即施用較佳，而磷、鉀肥分次施用與否，對鮮草產量影響不大。
3. 各處理收油量與含油率隨年度、氣候及施肥期而互異，資料顯示3年收油量及含油率（表3、4）以（E）處理（P2O及K2O肥於7月中旬一次施用，N肥分三份，施法同（B)）為最高，(B)處理次之，而以(D)處理（N肥施法同(B)，P2O及K2O肥分三份，於收割前2個月分別施用）最低。顯示P2O5及K2O肥於每次收割前2個月施用有降低油量及含油率之趨勢。
4. 香茅油（Citronella oi1）之香茅醛（Citronellal）量之多寡與施肥期不同有關（表5)，以(E)處理最高，顯示P2O及K2O肥宜早期施用，N肥宜分次施下，均可提高香茅醛含量。
5. 各處理間香茅草之含油量及油品質受P2O及K2O肥施用時期是否適當之影響較大。
The purpose of this study was to inestigate the effects of the timing of fertilizations on the yield of fresh grass as well as oil content and quality of citronella oil. The experiments were conducted at Taipei for a period of three years, from July of 1968 to June, 1971. The variety, Java type of citronella grass was used. There were five different timing of fertilizations in this study. The total amount fertilizers of N, P2O5 K2O were 120, 60 and 60 kg/ha, respectively. The results are summarized as follows:
1. The plant height and the number of tillers of citronella grass increased with the plant growth. However, the plant growth was not only influenced by timing of fertilizations, but also by climate conditions. The yield of fresh grass was significantly decreased during the winter.
2. In the period of three years, the second year yielded the highest fresh grass. Comparing the treatments of three years average, the treatment B (split the N, P2O5 and K2O fertilizer into three parts, each part of them applicated at middle July, middle Oct. (1st harvest) and middle Feb. (2nd harvest) ) obtained the highest fresh grass, and the treatment C (applicated the P2O5 and K2O fertilizer as treatment B did, the 1/2 amount of N fertilizer applicated at middle July, split the remains into three parts, applicated each of them at two months before each harvest)harvested the lowest yield. The yields among other treatments were not significantly different. The results indicated the timing of nitrogen fertilizations affected the yield of fresh grass, the yields increased when nitrogen applied following harvesting. However, the effects of potassium and phosphorus fertilizers on fresh grass were limited.
3. The yield of oil and oil content of citronella grass varied with seasons, years and timing of fertilizations. According to the three years data, the treatment E (applicated N fertilizer as treatment B did, applicated P2O5 and K2O fertilizer at middle July once) obtained the highest yield of oil and percentage of oil content, followed by the treatment B, the treatment D (applicated N fertilizer as treatment B did, Split P2O5 and K2O fertilizer into three parts, applicated each part at two months before each harvest) yielded the lowest. The results showed fertilizers of potassium and phosphorus applied two months before harvest decreased the yield of oil and oil content.
4. The timing of fertilizations affected the content of citronellal in citronella oil. The treatment E showed the highest in citronellal content indicating that the quality of citronella oil can be irnproed by applying potassium and phosphorus fertilizers at the early stage of growth and applying nitrogen fertilizers two months before harvest.
5. The oil content of citronella grass and the quality of citronella oil was mainly influenced by the timing of potassium and phosphorus fertilizations
(19(1):34-39)AN EXPERIMENT OF FERTILIZATION ON ANGELICA ACUTILOBA
No full text為探究N.P.K之施肥量對於當歸根之產量及品質之影響。乃舉行本試驗。供試品種為大和當歸，分九個處理。茲將試驗結果商述如下：
1. 從表四中結果看，根產量則以N2P1K0處理區為最高，顯示由於加施N肥之顯影響，而K肥對於根產量似無影響。
2. 其他處理間根產量差異不顯著，而以N0P1K2處理區為最低，表示根產量受缺N肥的影響，而K肥的加施與否對根產量之影響不大。
3. 各處理間根產量受N及P肥施量之影響較大。
The present experiment is to study the effect of N.P.K. fertilizers on the yield and quality of Angelica. Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa f. acutilioba Hikino was used as the material which was planted on the field under nine treatments.
1. The highest root yield was obtained in the treatment of N2 P1 K0 This indicated that the yield increased was primarily due to the increased application of nitrogen fertilizer. Less influence of potassium to the root yield was noticed.
2. No statically signigicant differences in the root yield among other treatment were found. However, The lowest rot yield in the N0 P2 K2 treatment was noticed, indicating that the yield decrease was due to lack of nitrogen fertilizer. Effect of potassium on the root yield seems to be not prominent, the larger effect of phosphorus on the root yield was noticed however
Collection, Propagation, and Evaluation of Special Crop Germplasm
No full text本試驗主要針對亞麻及山藥二種特用作物之種原，進行蒐集、繁殖與評估工作。本年度計蒐集與繁殖亞麻100品系，山藥150品系。經初步評估結果如下：亞麻100品系中有90％可供作採收纖維與種子之兼用種原，另有10％僅可供作採收纖維用之種原。山藥150品系中繁殖與生長均佳，但抗病及蟲害之品系數在10%以下。
The object of this program in 1997 included collection, propagation, and evaluation of germplasms from two kinds of special crops, i.e., Linum usitatissimum L. and Dioscorea spp.. A total of 100 lines of Linum usitatissimum L. and 150 lines of Dioscorea spp. had been collected and propagated in this year. Based on primary evaluation, 90% of 100 lines of Linum usitatissimum could be used for both fiber and seed purposes, only 10% were fiber flax. The propagation and growth of 150 lines of Dioscorea spp. were not bad, however, the ratio of these yam lines which could resist to bacteria and insect were less than 10%
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