23,246 research outputs found
A Multivariate Surface-Based Analysis of the Putamen in Premature Newborns: Regional Differences within the Ventral Striatum
No full textMany children born preterm exhibit frontal executive dysfunction, behavioral problems including attentional deficit/hyperactivity disorder and attention related learning disabilities. Anomalies in regional specificity of cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuits may underlie deficits in these disorders. Nonspecific volumetric deficits of striatal structures have been documented in these subjects, but little is known about surface deformation in these structures. For the first time, here we found regional surface morphological differences in the preterm neonatal ventral striatum. We performed regional group comparisons of the surface anatomy of the striatum (putamen and globus pallidus) between 17 preterm and 19 term-born neonates at term-equivalent age. We reconstructed striatal surfaces from manually segmented brain magnetic resonance images and analyzed them using our in-house conformal mapping program. All surfaces were registered to a template with a new surface fluid registration method. Vertex-based statistical comparisons between the two groups were performed via four methods: univariate and multivariate tensor-based morphometry, the commonly used medial axis distance, and a combination of the last two statistics. We found statistically significant differences in regional morphology between the two groups that are consistent across statistics, but more extensive for multivariate measures. Differences were localized to the ventral aspect of the striatum. In particular, we found abnormalities in the preterm anterior/inferior putamen, which is interconnected with the medial orbital/prefrontal cortex and the midline thalamic nuclei including the medial dorsal nucleus and pulvinar. These findings support the hypothesis that the ventral striatum is vulnerable, within the cortico-stiato-thalamo-cortical neural circuitry, which may underlie the risk for long-term development of frontal executive dysfunction, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and attention-related learning disabilities in preterm neonates. © 2013 Shi et al
<i>Aralia lihengiana</i> J. Wen, L. Deng & X. Shi, nouvelle espèce d'Araliaceae de Chine.
No full textDescription d\u27Aralia lihengiana J. Wen, L. Deng & X. Shi du sud-ouest de la Chine. Cette espèce appartient à Aralia sect. Pentapanax (Seem.) J. Wen et semble être proche d\u27Aralia gigantea J. Wen d\u27Himalaya. Ces deux espèces ont des folioles à marge à peine serretée et des unités inflorescentielles racémeuses. Le nouveau taxon est unique dans le genre par l\u27ovaire à 3-4 ou rarement 5 loges, alors que les ovaires des autres espèces d\u27Aralia ont en général 5 loges.Aralia lihengiana J. Wen, L. Deng & X. Shi is described from southwestern China. It is a member of Aralia sect. Pentapanax (Seem.) J. Wen and an apparent close relative of the Himalayan A. gigantea J. Wen. Both species have sparsely serrate leaflet margins and racemose inflorescence units, but the new taxon is unique in the genus in bearing 3-4 or rarely 5-locular ovaries whereas other species of Aralia mostly have 5-locular ovaries
Effects of the combination of levonorgestrel and quinestrol on reproductive hormone levels and their receptor expression in female Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus)
No full textLv, X., Guo, Y., Shi, D
Fig. 1. — Aralia lihengiana J. Wen, L. Deng & X in Aralia lihengiana J. Wen, L. Deng & X. Shi, a new species of Araliaceae from China
No full textFig. 1. — Aralia lihengiana J. Wen, L. Deng & X. Shi: A, branch with a leaf; B, flowering branch; C, close-up of leaflet margin; D, close-up of inflorescence branch; E, open flower; F, old flower after shedding of corolla; G, fruit with 3 persistent styles.Published as part of Wen, Jun, Deng, Lilan & Shi, Xiaochun, 2002, Aralia lihengiana J. Wen, L. Deng & X. Shi, a new species of Araliaceae from China, pp. 217-220 in Adansonia (3) 24 (2) on page 219, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.460515
A comparative overview on chili pepper (capsicum genus) and sichuan pepper (zanthoxylum genus): From pungent spices to pharma-foods
No full textBackground: Both Chili pepper (CP) and Sichuan pepper (SP) have long been used for culinary purposes throughout Asia. It is well known CP and SP are well accompanied in Sichuan Cuisine, producing a typical pungent sensation. In recent decades, increasing evidences suggest a series of health benefits and pharmacological effects are associated to the two peppers. Now, a systematic comparison of structural and bioactivities diversity of bioactive ingredients from edible parts of two peppers are necessary to address their future application. Scope and approach: Bioactive composition, organoleptic property as well as pharmacological activity in cellular, animal, and human subjects are compared between SP (pericarps and leaves) and CP (fruits). Key findings and conclusions: Both SP and CP are rich in alklyamides, polyphenols, and odorants but their structures are greatly variable. Carotenoids are primarily identified in CP but rather in SP, whereas coumarins are the specific ingredients in SP as compared with CP. Pungent sensations evoked by capsainoids and sanshools are obvious distinct, which is attributed to different mechanisms of interaction with membrane ion channels. Due to these bioactives, especially for capsaicin and hydroxyl-α-sanshool, extracts and purified compounds of CP and SP presented attenuation effects against pain, obesity and hyperlipidemia, diabetes, atherosclerosis, gastrointestinal disorder, tumors, and neurodegenerative diseases even though large-scale and well-designed clinical trials are highly needed. However, more approaches should be conducted to overcome side effects of capsaicin during clinical application. Also, the pharmacological interaction among bioactives in two peppers should be further verified in physiological condition
Y(4143) is probably a molecular partner of Y(3930)
No full textAfter discussing the various possible interpretations of the Y(4143) signal observed by the CDF collaboration in the J/Sigma phi mode, we tend to conclude that Y(4143) is probably a D(s)(*)D(s)(*) molecular state with J(PC)=0(++) or 2(++) while Y(3930) is its D(*)D(*) molecular partner as predicted in our previous work [X. Liu, Z. G. Luo, Y. R. Liu, and Shi-Lin Zhu, Eur. Phys. J. C 61, 411 (2009)]. Both the hidden-charm and open-charm two-body decays occur through the rescattering of the vector components within the molecular states while the three- and four-body open-charm decay modes are forbidden kinematically. Hence, their widths are narrow naturally. CDF, BABAR and Belle collaborations may have discovered heavy molecular states already. We urge experimentalists to measure their quantum numbers and explore their radiative decay modes in the future.Astronomy & AstrophysicsPhysics, Particles & FieldsSCI(E)50ARTICLE1null8
X(4140), X(4270), X(4500), and X(4700) and their cs(c)over-bar (s)over-bar tetraquark partners
No full textIn the simple color-magnetic interaction model, we investigate possible ground cs (c) over bar (s) over bar tetraquark states in the diquark-antidiquark basis. We use several methods to estimate the mass spectrum and discuss possible assignment for the X states observed in the J/psi phi channel. We find that assigning the Belle X(4350) as a 0(++) tetraquark is consistent with the tetraquark interpretation for the X(4140) and X(4270) while the interpretation of the X(4500) and X(4700) needs orbital or radial excitation. There probably exist several tetraquarks around 4.3 GeV that decay into J/psi phi or eta(c)phiNational Natural Science Foundation of China [11175073, 11275115, 11222547, 11575008, 11261130311]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; 973 program; National Program for Support of Youth Top-Notch ProfessionalsSCI(E)[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
Isospin breaking, coupled-channel effects, and X(3872)
No full textWe reinvestigate the possibility of X(3872) as a D (D) over bar* molecule with J(PC) = 1(++) within the framework of both the one-pion-exchange model and the one-boson-exchange model. After careful treatment of the S-D wave mixing, the mass difference between the neutral and charged D((D) over bar)* mesons and the coupling of the D (D) over bar* pair to D*(D) over bar*, a loosely bound molecular state X(3872) emerges quite naturally with large isospin violation in its flavor wave function. For example, the isovector component is 26.24% if the binding energy is 0.30 MeV, where the isospin breaking effect is amplified by the tiny binding energy. After taking into account the phase space difference and assuming the 3 pi and 2 pi come from a virtual omega and rho meson respectively, we obtain the ratio of these two hidden-charm decay modes: B(X(3872) -> pi(+) pi(-) pi(-) pi(0) J/psi)/B(X(3872) -> pi(+) pi(-) J/psi = 0.42 for the binding energy being 0.3 MeV, which is consistent with the experimental value.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000309904000003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Astronomy & AstrophysicsPhysics, Particles & FieldsSCI(E)15ARTICLE7null8
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