1,721,002 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Atmospheric modeling and detectability of potential biosignatures on terrestrial planets orbiting low mass stars
No full textThe first atmospheres to be characterized on potentially habitable, rocky exoplanets will likely be orbiting cooler stars. Theory and observations of the solar system suggest that these important atmospheres could be very diverse — including e.g. massive hydrogen primordial, thick carbon dioxide or nitrogen atmospheres. Predicting the spectral signals from such a wide diversity of objects is one of the most fascinating and central topics in exoplanet science. This work presents the first consistent investigations of such diverse
atmospheres over a wide parameter range. Previous studies in the literature lacked the necessary coupling for climate physics and photochemistry over the wide range of atmospheres possible. This physically consistent study calculates the observational times needed to detect spectral signals with future telescopes and therefore presents a major step forward for atmospheric spectral characterization of potentially habitable, terrestrial exoplanets. The thesis led to three successful first author papers which are already well-cited and the author was additionally invited by international groups to co-author numerous other scientific papers. The main results of the three
first author papers are now briefly summarized. Wunderlich et al. (2019, Paper I) investigated the impact of the spectral energy distribution (SED) of M dwarfs upon climate and photochemical processes in the atmospheres of Earth-like planets. Compared to Earth, the abundances of methane (CH4) increase by factors of several hundreds in the atmospheres of planets around early M dwarfs and by factors of several thousands for planets around late M dwarfs. This leads to a significant increase of molecular features in transmission spectroscopy and enhanced detectability of CH4. For cloud-free conditions, the detection of CH4 with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) might be feasible within ten transits in the atmospheres of planets orbiting early M dwarfs at a distance up to ∼10 pc and planets orbiting late M dwarfs up to ∼30 pc. The nearby planetary system of the late M dwarf TRAPPIST-1 includes three potentially habitable, rocky planets. Wunderlich et al. (2020, Paper II) introduced a new photochemical scheme, which is part of a coupled convective–
climate–photochemistry model (1D-TERRA). The model was used to simulate potential atmospheres of TRAPPIST-1 e and f, assuming different surface conditions and varying amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2). In dry CO2-rich atmospheres molecular oxygen (O2) and carbon monoxide (CO) might be produced abiotically and could reach up to a few percent in mixing ratios. Whereas results suggest that a detection of O2 will likely not be feasible with JWST or the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) CO might be detectable by co-adding a few tens of transits in dry CO2-rich atmospheres. A detection of CH4 might be only possible on planets with wet atmospheres and a biosphere, suggesting that emissions of CH4 could be related to life. The potentially habitable planet LHS 1140 b orbiting a mid M dwarf
is another excellent target for future atmospheric characterization. Recent observations suggest that the planet has a clear, H2-dominated atmosphere. Wunderlich et al. (2021, Paper III) investigated the impact of different CH4 concentrations upon climate, chemistry and detectability of spectral features for H2-dominated atmospheres on LHS 1140 b. The destruction of the potential biosignatures ammonia (NH3), phosphine (PH3), chloromethane (CH3Cl), and nitrous oxide (N2O) shows a weak dependence on the
concentrations of CH4. For low abundances of CH4 only five to ten transits are required to detect these molecules with JWST or ELT. However, for CH4 surface mixing ratios of a few percent only a detection of PH3 and N2O might be feasible. In summary, the three publications of this thesis show that the characterization of potentially habitable, rocky exoplanets will be at the limit of the JWST and ELT capabilities. In Earth-like and CO2-dominated atmospheres the detection of CO2, CH4 and CO might be feasible for close targets such as the TRAPPIST-1 planets. Potential biosignatures such as NH3, PH3, CH3Cl and N2O might be detectable in H2-dominated atmospheres
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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