1,721,272 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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Potassium Channels in Microglia as a Target for Ischemic Stroke
Full text linkThe primary goal of stroke research is to improve outcomes and to reduce morbidity and mortality for stroke patients. Although stroke symptoms vary greatly from patient to patient, preclinical research has heavily relied on rodent models for mimicking the stroke condition, aiming to elucidate the mechanisms of stroke and to test potential interventions in a controlled setting. The first chapter discusses our current understanding of the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, including processes like the formation of the ischemic penumbra, cerebral edema, and neuroinflammation, and explores the benefits and limitations of rodent stroke models. We also compare the temporal development of an infarct, and its associated functional outcomes, in rodent models to what is observed in human patients.In chapters 2 and 3, we explore immunocytoprotective drug candidates for ischemic stroke. Despite advances in stroke treatment, there are currently only two treatment options available for ischemic stroke that have been shown to improve outcomes, both of which are usually administered within the “early” hours after stroke onset: thrombolysis at <4.5 hours and thrombectomy at <6 hours. In this dissertation, we explore K+ channel blockers as drug candidates that, when used in conjunction with thrombectomy, target neuroinflammation at “later” time points in ischemic stroke, showing that both KV1.3 blockers and KCa3.1 blockers reduce infarct size and improve neurological deficits 8 days post-stroke in rodent stroke models when administered at least 12 hours post-stroke.In the last chapter, we examine the broader implications of ischemic stroke, its significant economic burden on the United States and its disproportionate effects on minority racial groups. Lastly, we close by discussing the future directions of stroke research, and the roles immunocytoprotective drugs like KV1.3 and KCa3.1 blockers may play as adjunctive therapies for enhancing the benefits of thrombectomy/reperfusion. Future preclinical research must incorporate and adapt to the technological advances, changes, and needs of the present stroke field so that we can maximize outcomes for all stroke patients
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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Pharmacological Exploration of Calcium-activated Potassium Channels Using Computational and Electrophysiological Methods
Full text linkPotassium channels are a critical regulatory component of numerous vital cellular processes, being centrally involved in calcium signaling, membrane potential, volume regulation and action potential firing to name a few. And as such, they represent an incredibly attractive avenue for therapeutic intervention in a multitude of different diseases. KCa3.1, a calcium-activated potassium channel found throughout the peripheral tissue, serves mainly as a calcium-signaling regulator, allowing influxes of calcium through inward-rectifier calcium channels by generating a counterbalancing potassium-efflux and inducing hyperpolarizations. This calcium signaling is essential for cellular activation, production of various cytokines and the proliferation of immune cells and fibroblasts. KCa3.1 also plays an additional role in erythrocyte hydration (one of the channel’s first claims to fame) and vasodilation through endothelium-derived hyperpolarization. The related small-conductance KCa2.x channels (KCa2.1, 2.2, and 2.3) can be found alongside KCa3.1 within the peripheral tissue, but also are highly expressed throughout the CNS. KCa2.x channels help in regulating the firing rate of excitable cells, underlying the medium afterhyperpolarization of neuronal action potentials, in addition to having a prominent role in atrial repolarization. Over the course of this dissertation, we will discuss our exploration of binding sites, mechanisms of action, and selectivity of both biologics and small molecule channel modulators targeting these calcium-dependent potassium channels. By advancing our understanding of these complex interactions between protein and modulator, we hope to open up new possibilities for the design of more effective and precise therapeutic agents targeting these crucial ion channels
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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