1,720,956 research outputs found
Study of Source and Body Contacts Layout Design to High Voltage NMOS ESD Protection Devices
No full text在本研究中，分析了高壓N型金氧半電晶體元件在靜電放電發生及元件在高電壓導通時的電流與電壓特性。靜電放電防護的旁通電晶體在應用於大尺寸的通道寬度時，必須以多指狀結構(multi-finger)來佈局(Layout)，以提高旁通電晶體的佈局效益。然而由於N型金氧半電晶體具有明顯的驟回崩潰 (Snapback Breakdown) 特性，以及多指狀結構佈局上每一根相對於基體 (Substrate) 中N型橫向寄生雙載子電晶體與連接至基極的等效電阻之不同，在靜電放電衝擊下造成多指狀結構N型金氧半電晶體，不會同時導通來旁通此一靜電放電電流，卻是集中於部分指狀N型金氧半電晶體。此N型金氧半電晶體不均勻導通的現象使得靜電放電耐受度無法隨著增加元件通道寬度尺寸增大而線性增加，造成靜電放電防護電路設計的困難。篇論文主旨在改變源極與基極的佈局參數在多指狀結構N型金氧半電晶體。並據以找出高壓元件靜電放電最佳化的佈局規則。並增強其靜電放電耐受度。因此我們設計了不同佈局參數的元件，再利用傳輸線觸波產生器量測觀察其靜電放電均勻度。本研究實驗及分析的結果，可以作為未來高壓元件在更深入研究與設計時的重要依據。This study analyzes the characteristic of ESD (electro-static-discharge) of high voltage NMOS (N-type metal oxide semiconductor) transistor current and voltage when NMOS is turned-on in high voltage. When the width of bypass MOS in the ESD protection circuit has to layout in the multi-finger type so as to decrease the layout area cost, in the mean while, due to the snapback breakdown of NMOS and the resistance connecting the base of the parasitic lateral bipolar transistor in the substrate is individually different. These sub-multi-finger NMOS’can not be turned on simultaneously. The ESD current is passed in few MOS’. The uniform turn-on of NMOS results in the endurance of ESD can increase as the width of protection device is increased. In this condition, it is more difficult to design an ESD protection circuit.his thesis is trying to change the layout parameters of source and bulk of a multi-finger NMOS so as to find out optimal layout rules of a high voltage ESD protection device. Different layout parameter of NMOS’are tested. The uniformity of ESD devices are measured by transmission pulse generator. The results of this study can provide evidences for further study of high voltage ESD device.第一章 緒論 1.1 研究背景與動機 1.2 內容簡介 3二章 積體電路靜電放電 4.1前言 4.2 靜電放電的模式及工業測試標準 6.2.1 人體放電模式 6.2.2 機器放電模式 7.2.3 元件充電模式 8.3 靜電放電的測試 9.4 積體電路靜電放電防護設計之基本概念 11.4.1 積體電路防護電路之設計概念 11.4.2 積體電路防護元件之選用 13.4.3 靜電放電防護電路的實例 15三章 金氧半積體電路之靜電放電防護技術 17.1 前言 17.2 製程上的改進方法 19.2.1 提升靜電放電耐受度佈植製程 19.2.2金屬矽化物擴散層分隔製程 22.3靜電放電防護金氧半場效電晶體佈局法則 27四章 高壓金氧半電晶體之靜電放電防護 30.1前言 30.2佈局差異及影響 31五章 實驗量測與結果分析 39.1實驗設定與偏壓 39.2 基極的寬度為參數的電流與電壓的測試結果 40.3對佈局參數基極與源極的距離為參數的電流與電壓測試結果 44六章 結論與展望 50考文獻 5
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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