1,721,043 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Single-electron transistor applications and Polymer-based photonic crystals
No full text單電子電晶體與光子晶體分別是下一個世代十分具有潛力的奈米電子與光學元件。此論文主要是研究單電子電晶體的應用與聚合物型態之光子晶體。本論文主要分為兩部份，第一部份專注於單電子電晶體之應用並利用先進製程技術提昇單電子電晶體之工作溫度。在單電子電晶體應用方面，首先我們結合電子束微影術與奈米材料合成方法，成功的製作出單電子記憶體元件。同時我們也提出利用耦合的單電子電晶體可以當作差分電壓放大器並且具備良好之共模拒斥之特性。更進一步，我們利用高能量之電子束微影術與雙角度蒸鍍技術製作出只有20奈米金屬島之鋁單電子電晶體，根據庫倫阻斷電壓可以估計出電荷能大約為8.22mev相當於95K。而論文第二部份則是提出一個新穎且簡單的方法製作聚合物型態之懸浮準三維光子晶體和三維光子晶體。這個獨特的製程技術只利用單一道電子束微影曝光技術並且可以克服目前製作三維光子晶體的瓶頸，對於實現多功能光子積體電路具有相當程度的突破。Single-electron transistor (SET) and photonic crystal (PC) are potential candidates for the next generation of nano-electronic and optical devices. This thesis work is to investigate experimentally the potential applications of single-electron transistor and polymer based photonic crystal. This thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is devoted to the single-electron transistor applications and development of the fabrication technique toward high-temperature operation of SET. Combining advanced electron-beam lithography and nanophased-material synthesis techniques, we have successfully prepared and measured single electron transistors with memory cell. In addition, we have proposed and demonstrated an SET differential amplifier with good common mode noise rejection characteristics. In an attempt towards high-operating temperature SETs, we have made Al-based SETs with an island with nominal 20nm in diameter utilizing high-energy electron-beam lithography and two-angle shadow evaporation. Judging from the maximum Coulomb blockade voltage, a charging energy of 8.22 meV (~95 K) was achieved.
In the second part of this thesis, we propose a simple and novel method to fabricate polymer based suspended quasi-3D photonic slab and 3D PCs. The unprecedented fabrication method utilizes only a single-step electron-beam lithography process, and thus overcomes difficulties encountered by the existing 3D PC techniques. This is a significant leap forward to the realization of multifunctional PC integrated circuits.Table of Contents
Acknowledgement i
Chinese Abstract ii
Abstract iii
Table of Contents v
List of Figures viii
List of Tables xv
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Reference 8
Chapter 2 Basic concepts 10
2.1 Concept of single electron devices 10
2.1.1 Single-electron charging energy 11
2.1.2 Coulomb Blockade Effect 13
2.1.3 Single electron transistor 15
2.2 Fundamental of Photonic crystal 22
2.2.1 Maxwell’s Equations in Periodic Media 23
2.2.2 Bloch waves and Brillouin zones 25
2.2.3 The origin of the photonic band gap 27
Reference 33
Chapter 3 Experimental Techniques 35
3.1 The sample layout 35
3.2 Electron beam lithography 36
3.3 Shadow evaporation technique 41
3.4 Cryogenics 45
3.5 Electrical measurement setup 45
3.6 Optical measurement setup 47
Reference 48
Chapter 4 SET and memory cell with Au Colloidal Islands 49
4.1 Introduction 49
4.2 Sample preparation 51
4.3 Electrical measurement results 58
4.4 Memory effect 62
4.5 Conclusion 67
Reference 68
Chapter 5 Coupled single electron transistors as a differential voltage amplifier 70
5.1 Introduction 70
5.2 Sample fabrication 72
5.3 Current-voltage characteristics 74
5.4 Charge state of parallel-coupled SETs 75
5.5 Differential voltage amplifiers 80
5.6 Possible applications of Quantum computing 81
5.7 Conclusion 84
Reference 85
Chapter 6 Fabrication of high operating temperature all-aluminum
Single-electron transistors 88
6.1 Introduction 88
6.2 High-energy e-beam lithography technique 90
6.3 Electrical measurement results 95
6.4 Conclusion 101
Reference 102
Chapter 7 Polymer-based photonic crystals fabricated with single-step electron beam lithography 104
7.1 Introduction 104
7.2 Polymer-based photonic crystals 106
7.3 Suspended quasi-3D PC structure 107
7.4 3D PC structure 114
7.5 Conclusion 117
Reference 119
Chapter 8 Conclusions 12
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Two-Dimensional Arrays of Self-Assembled Gold and Sulfur-Containing Fullerene Nanoparticles
No full text- …
