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The Rise and Construction of Stray Cat Protection Movement in Taiwan
No full text本論文主要處理台灣流浪貓保護運動的興起與發展，嘗試從中梳理台灣人與動物關係轉變的進程，即：哪些行動者在何種社會歷史脈絡中如何出現？而這樣的運動又如何可能？在這樣的行動之後又造成了怎麼樣的轉變？首先以歷史文獻進行內容分析，探討在歷史過程中，台灣人與動物關係的文化結構的轉變，並佐以法制度分析去處理流浪動物問題的出現，可以發現異於西方人與動物關係發展的步調，在終戰初期仍與人類相互依存採取放養方式的貓狗，在都市化與工業化的社會結構轉變下被排除於人類生活之外，流浪犬在1950年代的全國狂犬病大撲殺之後，始終與有害公共衛生與社會安全的負面形象勾連，而流浪貓則在失去了使用價值之後被長期無視，直到動物保護法在1998年通過之後，國家力量依然系統性地排除流浪犬，其他動物福利問題也持續存在。流浪貓問題隨著流浪犬的減少而被人們「看見」，成為下一個需要被清除的目標，但卻也因為制度的空隙給流浪貓保留了一個可能的議價空間。
筆者訪談了主要的流浪貓保護運動行動者與公部門人員，由新社會運動理論的觀點出發，認為流浪貓保護運動社群透過正興起的網際網路進行了認同建構與組織動員，將流浪貓重行定義為對張於純種貓的米克斯貓、在空間意義上與人類共同生活在街區生存的街貓，在這樣的認識框架下同時進行組織動員與外在結盟，提出TNR（Trap, Neuter, Return，亦即：捕捉、絕育、回置）方案作為爭取街貓在地生存權的手段。在公私協力之下TNR方案正式在台北市試辦，進一步分析流浪貓保護社群的發展與TNR施行前後的行動策略，如何運用這些行動策略持續爭取街貓生存的空間，而與之互動的各行動者又各自懷揣著怎樣的動力與行動，從而共同構成台灣流浪貓保護運動的場景。This research paper discusses about the rise and development of a movement of stray cat protection in Taiwan, and tries to figure out a progress of human-animal relationship in Taiwanese history, which means who those agencies are, in what kind of social and historical backgrounds they show up, and what change they have made after they perform their actions are presented in this report. First, the author discuss how the relationship between human and animal changes culturally through the history of Taiwan based on historical texts and legal regulations those to solve problems of street animals.
Compared to the human-animal relationship and ideas of animal protection of westerners, Taiwanese have a different attitude and history in this subject. In the end of the war, Taiwanese raise their cats and dogs outdoors without caging and limiting these animals’ area of activities. However, because of urbanization and industrialization, these cats and dogs are expelled from Taiwanese’s life. In 1950’s, stray dogs are caught and killed extensively in the name of rabies, which has connected stray dogs to a image as a threat to public sanitation and social safety ever since. As to stray cats, they have been ignored for a long time because they have lost their use value in Taiwanese’s life.
In 1998, animal protection act is passed in Taiwan. The state still uses its power to expel stray dogs systematically, which does not solve problems about animal welfare at all. The problem of stray cats was “discovered” because the number of stray dogs decreases, and these cats become the next target of being cleaned. However, this regulation leaves a negotiable space to stray cats to survive.
The author interviews some major agencies and public officials of stray cat protection. From the point of view of new social movement theory, the author considers that stray cat protection community completes their construction of identity, organization and mobilization through the rising internet. They redefine stray cats as “mixed cats” ,which are in contrast with pure-bred cats and renamed as “street cats” which share and live together with humans in the same colony. The community forms stray cats as cute and intimate neighbors. Also, at the same time, they carry out alignment, organization and mobilization under this frame, and bring up Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) policy as a method to fight for local survival right for the stray cats.
At this moment, TNR policy is under a trial practice in Taipei City supported by public-private partnership. The author analyzes the development and policy of stray cat protection community before and after TNR is practiced, how the community uses their policies to fight for survival space of stray cats, and what motivations and actions people who interact with the community have. The author presents how these groups of people all together compose the stray cat protection movement in Taiwan
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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