18,362 research outputs found
ADAM SMITH'S OPTIMISTIC TELEOLOGICAL VIEW OF HISTORY
No full textAdam Smith's four-stage theory provides the framework for his writings on history. The fourth stage is the commercial epoch; the culmination of history in this stage is a key component in the conventional interpretation of Adam Smith as a prophet of commercialism. In two historical case studies Smith shows the capacity of commercial society to regenerate itself. This potent capacity suggests that commercial society is inevitable. At a certain point in time it also overcomes the major obstacles to its permanence. Smith's philosophy of history anticipates the end of history views of Kant and Hegel.Political Economy,
How Might Adam Smith Pay Professors Today?
No full textAdam Smith’s proposal for paying professors was intended to induce increased faculty knowledge. If students have imperfect information about what they learn, and universities can only imperfectly measure the input of faculty time in student learning, publications may be used to measure faculty knowledge. If professors’ ability to publish is positively related to their ability to produce student learning, which universities can imperfectly measure, publications may be necessary to attract more able professors. Since research signals faculty knowledge, schools that do not value publications per se could require higher publication standards and pay higher wages than schools that value only publications.
ADAM SMITH'S VIEW OF HISTORY: CONSISTENT OR PARADOXICAL?
No full textThe conventional interpretation of Adam Smith is that he is a prophet of commercialism. The liberal capitalist reading of Smith is consistent with the view that history culminates in commercial society. The first part of the article develops this optimistic interpretation of Smith's view of history. Smith implies that commercial society is the end of history because 1) it supplies the ends of nature that he identifies; 2) it is inevitable; and 3) it is permanent. The second part of the article shows that Smith has some dark moments in his writings where he seems to reject completely such teleological notions. In this more civic humanist mood he confesses that commercial society does not supply the ends of nature, nor is it inevitable, nor is it permanent. Both views exist in Smith and the commentator is forced to choose between passages in Smith's work in order to support a particular interpretation of the former's view of history.Political Economy,
Adam Smith and Roman Servitudes
No full textThis essay is a preprint of an article that appeared at: Tijdschrift voor Rechstsgeschiedenis, 72 (2004), 327–57.This essay discusses Adam Smith historical jurisprudence and his use of Roman law materials in his Lectures on Jurisprudence. It argues that Smith found it difficult to maintain his theory of legal development in the face of a highly developed body of Roman law literature
Graficzna prezentacja danych w gminnym programie rewitalizacji – problemy i wyzwania
No full textCelem pracy jest przedstawienie problemów oraz wyzwań, z którymi autorzy gminnych programów rewitalizacji spotykają się podczas prezentacji danych w tych dokumentach, oraz bardzo istotnej roli, jaką odgrywa poprawna ilustracja uzyskanych informacji. Autor analizuje studium przypadku programu rewitalizacji tworzonego przez zespół pracowników Wydziału Nauk Geograficznych i Geologicznych Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza. Przedstawione doświadczenia oraz rozwiązania mogą przyczynić się do usprawnienia prac nad tego typu dokumentami w przyszłości, co może mieć korzystne przełożenie na proces rewitalizacji. Zakres przestrzenny pracy obejmuje obszar rewitalizacji wyznaczony przez Urząd Miasta w Poznaniu
Zmiany potencjału ludnościowego wśród osób poniżej 30 roku życia w Polsce w latach 2013 i 2023 w kontekście procesu suburbanizacji
No full textSuburbanization is a relatively well-recognized process that affects many cities around the world and is pointed out as one of the key challenges to their development, as well as to increasingly sprawling suburban zones. The literature extensively discusses the causes and consequences of this process, emphasizing, depending on the profile of the study, social, economic, environmental, spatial, communication, and many other themes. Socio-spatial changes occurring as a result of the suburbanization process are also causing the very definition of suburbs to evolve, as they have begun to elude previous definitions. Such a situation is a good opportunity for critical reflection on approaches to considering this phenomenon, which seem to marginalize the perspective of young people. Given the above, this article has two objectives. First, to show suburbanization in the context of young people using demographic data, and second, to draw attention to young people, who have often overlooked actors in this process. Based on data obtained from the CSO’s LDB, municipalities with the largest and smallest shares of the total population in 2023 were identified. Also recognized were the municipalities and, more broadly, the areas in Poland with the largest and smallest changes in this regard between 2013 and 2023. Particular attention was paid to provincial cities around which the process of suburbanization can be observed on the largest scale, and a number of calculations were made to verify the relationship between the size of municipalities and cities expressed in the number of their residents and the share of young people in the total population.Celem badań było rozpoznanie potencjału ludnościowego wśród osób poniżej 30 roku życia w polskich gminach w latach 2013 i 2023. Opierając się na danych demograficznych pozyskanych z BDL GUS, zidentyfikowano gminy o największych i najmniejszych udziałach osób młodych w ogólnej liczbie ludności w 2023 r. Rozpoznano także gminy i, szerzej, obszary na terenie Polski, które charakteryzują się największymi i najmniejszymi zmianami w tym zakresie między 2013 a 2023 r. Ze szczególną uwagą przyjrzano się miastom wojewódzkim i otaczających je gminom, w których na największą skalę obserwować można proces suburbanizacji
THE THEOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF ADAM SMITH'S WORK
No full textThe paper will discuss the theological foundation to Smith's writings. Teleology, final causes and divine design were initially seen as central to understanding Smith's writings. Over time, this view fell out of fashion. In the period after World War II, with the rise of positivism, commentators tended to overlook or downplay this interpretation. In the last decade, or so, teleology has started to be restored to its former position as an essential element in understanding Smith. After spelling out Smith's teleology and his view of final causes, divine design and the ends of nature, we try to explain the Panglossian nature of the 'new theistic view' of Smith. While our view differs somewhat, we agree with the essence of the 'new view' claim: a theological view exists in Smith which underpins his moral and economic theories.Political Economy,
Interview. Matthew Joseph with Adam Gussow, musician and author
No full textInterview in which Adam Gussow discusses hill country blues musi
Książę Adam Jerzy Czartoryski i jego stronnicy w świetle historiografii ukraińskiej
No full textIn 1937, the Warsaw historian Marceli Handelsman published a work entitled Ukraińska polityka
ks. Adama Czartoryskiego przed wojną krymską [Ukrainian politics of Prince Adam Czartoryski
before the Crimean War]. So far, this book has been used by historians as the primary source of
information on the Ukrainian issue in the views of the Hotel Lambert’s leader. The author of this
text has decided to collect Ukrainian works referring to the topic inaugurated by Handelsman. Unfortunately, no larger study has been prepared on the Ukrainian side. However, a number of articles
and encyclopaedic notes showing Prince Adam and his Eastern policy (especially during his stay
at the court of Tsar Alexander I Romanov) has been published. Ukrainian authors paid much more
attention to Czartoryski’s associates, who tried to put his ideas into practice. Ukrainian researchers
wrote mainly about Michał Czaykowski (Sadyk Pasha) organizing the Cossack troops in the Ottoman Empire, about Hipolit Terlecki striving for the union of the Orthodox and Roman Catholic
Churches, and finally about the ethnographer and writer Franciszek Duchiński clearly separating
Ukraine from Russia in his writings
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