1,721,403 research outputs found
Dark Tourism Futures. Thoughts, Ideas, Scenarios
No full textThis book offers critical scenarios of dark tourism futures and how our significant dead will be remembered in future visitor economies. It outlines key features of difficult heritage and future cultural trauma and highlights the role of technology, immersive visitor experiences and the thanatological condition of future dark tourism
High Temperature Secondary Lithium-ion Batteries Operating Between 25 ⁰C and 150 ⁰C
No full textDevelopment of lithium-ion batteries suitable for high temperature applications requires a holistic approach to battery design because degradation of some of the battery components can produce a serious deterioration of the other components, and the products of degradation are often more reactive than the starting materials. Therefore, a careful selection and systematic characterisation of the components of lithium ion batteries is required in order to identify a number of materials and protocols for battery assembly that give promising performance at high temperatures.This project investigates the high temperature operation of secondary lithium-ion batteries, giving an understanding of the temperature limitation of binders, electrolytes, positive electrode materials, negative electrode materials and current collectors. This thesis has successfully demonstrated the high temperature operation of lithium ion batteries up to a temperature of 150 ⁰C. Results have shown that the main factors which are responsible for capacity fade are the electrolyte, electrode binder and the current collector. It has been effectively demonstrated that lithium iron phosphate cells can be operated up to a temperature of 150 ⁰C by replacing LiPFR6R, with an alternative electrolyte LiODFB (Chapter 4). However, capacity fade was rapid at this temperature due to failure of the binder, causing first cycle irreversible capacity and long-term capacity loss (Chapter 5). It was also demonstrated in Chapter 6 that aluminium current collector corrosion was occurring during high temperature operation, as described in chapter 6.Suggestions for further work are made in the following areas:1. Electrolyte: the investigation of electrolytes suitable for high temperature operation could be expanded to electrolyte additives in order to allow effective stabilisation of the SEI at higher temperatures. It should also include alternative electrolyte systems such as polymers and solid-state electrolytes since it is likely that the limit of what can be achieved in liquid carbonate systems has been reached.2. Binder: Further work should look at optimising the electrode binders, further evaluating the use of PAI as a binder for use at high temperatures, evaluating in a full Li-ion cell configuration.3. Current Collector: alternative current collectors should be investigated for use at high temperatures that don’t corrode when operated at 150 ⁰C. The protection of the current collector could also be investigated using either coatings for the aluminium current collector or by electrolyte additives that allow effective passivation of the surface which do not fail at high temperatures
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Emotional discussions reduce memory recall
No full textPeople often discuss events they have seen and these discussions can influence later recollections. We investigated the effects of factual, emotional, and free retelling discussion on memory recollections of individuals who have witnessed an event. Participants were shown a video, made an initial individual recall, participated in one of the three retelling conditions (emotional versus factual versus free) or a control condition, and then recalled the event individually again. Participants in the factual and free retelling conditions reported more items not previously recalled than participants in the control condition did, while the emotional condition did not show the same advantage. Participants in all three retelling conditions failed to report more previously recalled items as compared with the control condition. Finally, a memory conformity effect was observed for all three retelling conditions. These findings suggest that eyewitnesses’ discussions may influence the accuracy of subsequent memory reports, especially when these discussions are focused on emotional details and thoughts
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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