999 research outputs found
Why are house prices in London so high?
No full textStrict regulation is affecting supply in the South East's property market, argue Christian Hilber and Wouter Vermeule
Regional disparities in a small country? An assessment of the regional dimension to the Dutch labour market on the basis of regional unemployment and participation differentials
No full textThis paper explores regional unemployment and participation data that distinguish gender, age and educational attainment. We observe a panel of 40 Dutch regions over the period 1992 - 2003. Issues such as the national component in regional labour market developments, the role of the labour force composition and persistence of unemployment and participation differentials are considered. A dominance of national unemployment and participation on regional outcomes is found, suggesting a modest regional component to labour market dynamics in the Netherlands. Composition of the potential labour force does not fully account for the remaining differences however. There exists a regional component to unemployment for lower educated, for example. We find that persistence of regional unemployment and participation differentials may be explained to some extent by persistence of regional differences in labour force composition. Persistence of these differentials is strong for lower educated but almost absent for higher educated persons, suggesting that the labour market for the higher educated clears at the national rather than the regional level. Finally, we investigate the effect of unemployment on labour participation. Unlike other recent evidence, our results yield little support for a “discouraged worker effect”. For all population groups, the relationship is statistically insignificant when we control for time-invariant and region-invariant heterogeneity.
Regional disparities in a small country? An analysis of regional unemployment and participation differentials in the Netherlands from 1975 to 2003.
No full textThe existence of regional support programs presumes that labour markets in the Netherlands do not clear at the national, but at some local level. From a general equilibrium perspective, it is far from straightforward to identify the regional dimension of labour markets. This study argues that the size and persistence of regional unemployment and participation differentials are an appropriate indicator. We analyse regional unemployment and participation in the Netherlands from 1975 until 2003. Empirically, differences in inactivity do not seem to be a reliable indicator of the regional component of labour markets. Both from an international perspective, and in comparison to variation of labour market conditions over the business cycle, the regional dimension of labour markets appears to be small. However, it is relatively large for women, youths and the lower educated, which are the least mobile groups. It would be efficient to aim regional labour market programs at these groups, if such programs are desirable at all.
Land snails and slugs of Sabah and Labuan (Malaysia)
No full texte-ISBN 978-967-25534-8-9urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CA98B916-8D65-4121-AF04-9505B9A93AEBThe history of the present handbook goes back to the first years of this century. During the early days of the BOR/MOL collection (Mollusca collection of Universiti Malaysia Sabah), material of land snails appeared difficult to identify. Literature on Sabah snails was generally scarce, scattered over mainly 19th century publications,and covered only a part of the species present in the material.To address this problem, the first author started a manuscript with a concise overview over the Sabah snail fauna, which would finally develop into this handbook. The first unpublished version started circulating among Sabah students of the snail fauna around 2002. It covered all snail families, but while some are shortly revised, others are no more than an uncritical list of species names. Unidentified species were listed with numbers (e.g. ‘Charopa sp. 2’), or with codes (‘Charopa sp. BO-02’), or with unpublished species names (‘Charopa infrastriata’, without a valid description following ICZN rules). A new, more extensive but still unpublished version of the manuscript appeared in 2006. The informal species names (i.e. nomina nuda) increasingly posed a problem because they were used in publications by students of the Bornean snail fauna. Also, the many shortcomings of the manuscript directly translated into misidentifications in those publications. This made the production and publication of the present, more carefully considered handbook a matter of urgency. Having said that, the authors in no way claim that this work is more than a step on the long road leading to a representative knowledge of the land snail fauna of Sabah.List of New Taxa:GenusLeucocharopion Vermeulen & Liew 2022http://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/dda152c2-f7a3-4e62-af02-980da189b85cSundacharopa Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A2F50EBA-0AB4-44D3-841C-4BD01FDE2AAASpeciesArinia insularum Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:12DBFDED-4E00-44DC-B11C-6EF7AA128954Atopos rapax Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:99A75053-F53E-46BE-BBFB-90B94D3CF407Boysidia melichroma Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A93D7ADC-F300-4D80-9856-F5BCD3880DF9Carychium diplotylon Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C15A05F6-CE4A-4FEF-B385-20835BE1FA1AChamalycaeus leiodomus Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0BB45717-7029-4807-83E1-1E84A76FACD3Chamalycaeus orthosalpinx Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0EEA80E1-42C2-4EE8-B79E-34A54B72BBF0Diplommatina amblyrhombos Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EC8E15E3-7420-4762-96F5-6C53CE8B6FD9Diplommatina megalotis Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5400A075-BFB4-4493-8ED7-1252D5D7D195Diplommatina subalpina Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D88DAFED-1FB2-41C2-8656-3C172F0D1FF8Diplommatina trusmadiensis Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A05E0459-9542-40F6-A410-0D640CADFFA2Hemiplecta montivaga Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:94D6545D-3F93-4E7E-A394-027F5269BEF4Japonia janus Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D0667C1F-332E-471F-BD7D-D836F75EB565Japonia jucunda meridionalis Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8FB7A6A3-E9BC-4BB8-A2AC-73BC5DF11C53Japonia monggisensis Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1B9B405F-3D15-4FFE-A18A-243944B73171Japonia quinquelirata infracincta Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EEC26EAB-79D6-4306-B930-352F565CACD6Japonia subrudis Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4B5C2038-50B9-4612-ACC9-AC336BE90943Japonia tambunanensis Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:ED3A0C50-7834-4752-A332-921F84979A8DLeucocharopion lissoderma Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B3D7C2EA-D1FA-4509-961B-AA5663D12892Macrochlamys subcorpulenta Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3ADB4B30-5DBD-4875-B428-A3B9F2C02D4AMacrochlamys tenuiarata Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B16755D9-D0D3-493B-A492-640AC86A5116Macrochlamys trilobata Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A7615E58-2770-4A40-BB32-90C6A683AA3AMacrochlamys trusmadiensis Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4CC9839A-A7C3-495E-B43D-A448C77E31D3Microparmarion basifixus Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E2640C09-EDB6-479D-A4F2-C95412014C78Microparmarion convolutus Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:581E9031-0DF5-47E0-87A8-781537C23298Paralaoma albella Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BC67E612-1CF0-47C4-8B6A-AB2005E7DFB7Plectostoma aversum Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B3065059-7D1B-4A23-BFB9-89A84D6982DAPlectostoma immunitum Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:70BBB4C2-BF09-48B4-B27A-35F18A4916B8Plectostoma urunense Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:634A4B32-830C-4CFA-AF1A-C98A4643A6ACPterocyclos fraterculus Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F6CCA281-6055-483B-86D3-CCB29C2A63CFScabrina serpentinitica Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7920892F-9C41-4EC4-9406-A663931A954DSundacharopa argos Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9589F3B1-8D87-41A4-A93A-085EE4C0EDD0Sundacharopa cancellatula Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0C809909-E8C1-41FB-ABA3-6FFAB81260BCSundacharopa infrastriata Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2D842BE7-EAB3-45FA-984E-E4869998CC8ASundacharopa jugalis Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:22E9E555-0E1C-4CDD-BD49-F29A02C31789Sundacharopa lissobasis Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FC4E6426-F18D-4E57-8DC7-F27AFF34F9F2Sundacharopa platycephala Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F218BEAE-578C-45EB-BAFB-0E8DF95635C7Sundacharopa turgidula Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:ACE12154-E008-4080-B5A8-ABFEFDA592ECVidena nepiadelphos Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:77DA381C-F55E-4CE2-8409-3055554DD3A9Vitrinula discus Vermeulen & Liew, 2022urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BA902572-83F9-4504-80AB-14FE9C8C9422</div
Investigating the sustainability and feasibility of different disposable cups : a coffee shop perspective
No full textCITATION: Vermeulen, C. & Bam, W. G. 2018. Investigating the sustainability and feasibility of different disposable cups : a coffee shop perspective. In SAIIE29 Proceedings, 24-26 October 2018, Spier, Stellenbosch, South Africa.The original publication is available at https://conferences.sun.ac.za/index.php/saiie29/saiie29/schedConf/presentationsENGLISH ABSTRACT: With convenience being a sought-after factor in today's society, disposable coffee cups play a significant role in many people's daily routines. There still, however, appears to be a general confusion in many coffee shop environments regarding optimal waste treatment of disposable coffee cups to minimise their environmental impact. This study thus compares the different disposable coffee cup options that are available to South African coffee shops to determine which options (in terms of different materials) are more environmentally friendly under different conditions, whilst also satisfactorily meeting the requirements of coffee shops and customers.https://conferences.sun.ac.za/index.php/saiie29/saiie29/paper/view/3631Publisher's versio
Agglomeration Externalities and Urban Growth Controls
No full textShould constraints on urban expansion be relaxed because of external agglomeration economies? In a system of heterogeneous cities, we demonstrate that second-best land use policy consists of a tax on city creation and a subsidy (tax) on urban development in cities in which the marginal-average productivity gap is above (below) average. However, the implementation of this policy requires coordination at the system level. A tax on city creation does not raise welfare if development taxes are set decentrally by competitive urban developers, nor does correction of these taxes raise welfare if a tax on city creation is unavailable. In the resulting constrained optimal allocation, urban development is subsidized in all cities. The quantitative significance of these findings is explored in an application of our model.
A Taste for Trips out of Town: Urban Sprawl and Access to Open Space
No full textResidential development at the urban fringe raises the cost of trips to open space. We derive a simple expression for the tax that internalizes this effect of sprawl in a monocentric city andapply it using survey data on recreational activity. Urban sprawl is inefficient if landowners ignore the social value of open space in their decision to develop it. The absence of a market for open space amenities impedes reliable estimation of their value, so policies that control urban growth may be ill-informed (Brueckner, 2000). Our approach to this valuation problem relies on the well-established notion that travel costs of recreational activity serve as an implicit price (Hotelling, 1947; Phaneuf and Smith, 2006). We extend the conventional monocentric city model with a demand for ‘trips out of town’: recreation in large contiguous undeveloped areas like forests, wetlands or the countryside, for which open space within the urban boundary is an imperfect substitute. Urban expansion reduces accessibility of such ‘true open space’ for prior inhabitants. We derive a simple expression for the tax on conversion of agricultural land to urban use that internalizes this effect and apply it to the city of Amsterdam. The travel cost approach has rarely been applied to the valuation of open space in or near urban areas (McConnell and Walls, 2005). In particular, most applied welfare analyses of open space provision in a general equilibrium framework have been based on capitalization of benefits into local property values. This entails a focus on comparably localized effects.1 Notably, open space amenities in Cheshire and Sheppard (2002) are confined to a surrounding squared kilometre. Walsh (2007) also considers the benefit of proximity to public open space, yet the average distance is only about one kilometre in his empirical application. In large cities, visits to true open space will generally require a much longer trip.
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